Term
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Definition
Perinuclear Clearing Wrinkled, Enlarged and hyperchromatic nucleus Contains HPV |
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Term
| Strawberry Cervix indicates____? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Vitiligo Inflammatory dermatoses Carcinoma Vulvar Dystrophy |
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Term
Dysplasia 3 Characteristics? |
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Definition
Cells lose polarity Increase in Nuclear to Plasma ratio hyperchromasia some mitosis |
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Term
Papillary hidradenoma What? Condyloma acuminatum Assoc. with? Histo? |
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Definition
Papillary hidradenoma benign small tumors of tubular ducts-apocrine sweat glands Condyloma acuminatum HPV 6 and 11 Histo: branching, tree-like of stratified squamous cells supported by stroma and koilocytosis |
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Term
VIN Characteristics? Leads to? Risk factors? |
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Definition
Dysplasia Lack of differentiation hyperchromatic increased mitosis Leads to SCC Risks: HPV 16, 18 N.b: graded VIN I-III. III goes all the way from stroma to surface |
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Term
SCC of VULVA progresses from? # Cases? |
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Definition
progresses from? VIN and HPV # Cases? 4000 with 900 deaths Histo: mixed well- and poorly differentiated. |
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Term
| Extramammary Paget Disease |
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Definition
Paget Cell: large neoplastic cell with halo, contains mucicarmine-staining mps. usu. confined to epithelium and usu. no underlying carcinoma |
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Term
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Definition
VAIN is dysplasia Associated with HPV same grading system as VIN |
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Term
SCC of Vagina Risks? Assoc. with? #cases? |
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Definition
Risks: Previous carcinoma, HPV, Immunosupression Assoc with: DES DES=>Vaginal Adenosis Glandular Columna Epi. beneath or replacing squamous epithelium Clear Cell Carcinoma Distinct look, <.14%, tumor in vagina or cervix, spreads by lymphatics or blood vessels Cases: 2200 and 800deaths |
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Term
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma sarcoma botryoides Age? Tx? Cell? Appearance? |
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Definition
Age? Under five Tx? surgery then chemo Cell? embryonal rhabdomyoblast Appearance? grape-like bulky polyploid mass |
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Term
Cervicitis Who? Pathogenesis? Morphology? |
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Definition
Who? almost all parous, many nulliparous women. Pathogenesis? Morphology? |
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Term
Cervical IN and SCC #cases? Risk factors? |
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Definition
#cases?1 million CIN and 11,000 SCC with 3900 deaths Risk factors? Early age of first intercourse Multiple sexual partners Sexual partner with multiple other partners Increasing Parity |
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Term
HPV High risk types? Bad genes? |
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Definition
High risk types? 18, 16, 31, 33 Bad genes? E6 degrades p53 E7 increases cell's life span by binding Rb
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Term
CIN associated with? Bethesda system of grading? |
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Definition
Bethesda system of grading? LGSIL=HPV effect, CIN I HGSIL= CIN II and CIN III |
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Term
Cervical SCC Evolves from? Age? Growth pattern? Survival? Tx? |
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Definition
Evolves from? CIN Age? Dx high grade precursos at 30. Dx SCC at 45 Growth pattern? Fungating (most common) ulcerative, invasive. Survival? Stage I 80% at five years Stage IV 10% Tx: hysterectomy |
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Term
Endometritis Causes? Histo? |
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Definition
Causes? PID IUD Retained products of conception TB Idiopathic Histo: Plasma cells |
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Term
Why is there abnormal bleeding for Before puberty? Adolescence? Reproductive Age? Perimenopausal? Menopausal? |
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Definition
Before puberty? precocious puberty Adolescence? anovulatory cycle Reproductive Age? complications of preg., organic lesions, anovulatory cycle, inadequate luteal phas Perimenopausal? anov. cycle, irregular shedding, organc lesions, Menopausal? organic lesions, endometrial atrophy |
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Term
Adenomyosis What is it? Sx? |
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Definition
It's endometrial glands and stroma deep in the myometrium Sx: Painful menses and sex Excessive bleeding Pelvic Pain |
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Term
Endometriosis Age? Where? Gross? Histo Dx? Sx? |
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Definition
Age? 3rd and 4th decade Where? Ovaries, uterine ligaments, rectovaginal septums, laparotomy scars, others Gross? chocolate cysts Histo Dx? at least 2: endometrial glands, endometrial stroma, hemosiderin Sx? Infertility, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea |
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Term
Endometrial hyperplasia What is it? Cause? Leads to? |
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Definition
What is it? Too many glands Cause? too much Estrogen w/o enough progesterone. occurs with menopause or persistent anovulation in younger women. Leads to? Endometrial adenocarcinoma
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Term
Endometrial Adenocarcinoma # Cases? Risk factors? Age? Sx? Histology? |
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Definition
# Cases? 40,000cases with 7,000 deaths Risk factors? obesity, abnormal glucose tolerance, HTN, infertility, **prolonged unopposed hyperestrogenism and endometrial hyperplasia and show endometroid histology. Age? 55-65 Sx? abnormal bleeding Histology? Favorable: endometroid adenocarcinoma Unfavorable: clear cell, papillary serous carcinoma. |
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Term
Down Syndrome Incidence? Karyotype? Critical Region? Clinical Features? |
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Definition
Incidence? 1/700 live births Karyotype? trisomy 21 or equivalent Critical Region? 21q22.2-q22.3 Clinical Features? Flat Face with epicanthic folds Low IQ Congenital Heart Disease (ASD and VSD) Incr. risk of leukemia Abnormal immunity Alzheimer's past age 35 |
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Term
Edwards Syndrome Incidence? Karyotype? Critical Region? Clinical Features? |
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Definition
Incidence? 1/8000 live births Karyotype? trisomy 18 or equivalent Critical Region? 18q Clinical Features? Low set ears Overlapping fingers with rockerbottom feet Low IQ Congenital Heart Disease Rarely survive past one year |
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Term
Patau Syndrome Incidence? Karyotype? Critical Region? Clinical Features? |
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Definition
Incidence? 1/15,000 Karyotype? Trisomy 13 or equivalent Critical Region? -- Clinical Features? CNS malformtions eg. holoprosenceph., microceph. Cleft palate Polydactyly Congenital Heart Disease Renal abnormalities Rarely survive to one year |
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Term
Turner syndrome Incidence? Karyotype? Critical Region? Clinical Features? |
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Definition
Incidence? 1/3000 female live births Karyotype? 45 X Critical Region?-- Clinical Features? Webbed neck, lymphedema, cystic hygroma Short Shield chest Streak ovaries Normal intellect with some specail defects Autoimmune Thyroid Obesity, insulin Resistance, and Gluc intol. 10% undergo puberty |
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Term
Klinefelter Syndrome Incidence? Karyotype? Critical Region? Clinical Features? |
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Definition
Incidence? 1/850 live male births Karyotype? XXY Critical Region? -- Clinical Features? Atrophic/hyalinized tubules, leydic hyperplasia Incr. FSH and Estrogen. Decr Testosterone Infertility Lack of 2° sexual characteristics Gynecomastia Eunuchoid body habitus some intellect deficits |
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Term
Chromosome 15 deletions These cause what syndromes? |
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Definition
Prader-Willi: paternal deletion hyperphagia and obesity, DM, intellect deficits, abnormal face, short, fair skin Angelman: maternal deletion --loss of UBE3A "Happy puppet" syndrome |
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Term
22q11 deletion Causes __? Clinical manifestation? |
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Definition
Causes? DiGeorge Syndrome no PT=>hypocalcemia no thymus=>deficient t-mediated immunity conotruncal cardiac defects facial defectgs Velocardiofacial syndrome Cleft Palate Characteristic face Speech and learning disorders
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