Term
| Respiratory acidosis is always due to ___ and always has high __. |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of Acute Respiratory Acidosis: |
|
Definition
- Drug overdose (alcohol, barbiutates, opioids, heroin)
- Status asthmaticus- trapping lots of CO2
- ARDS
- Iatrogenic mechanial hypoventiliation
NO COMPENSATION WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY ISSUES |
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Term
| Causes of chronic respiratory acidosis: |
|
Definition
- COPD
- Obesity hypoventilation
- Sleep apnea
- Neuromuscular Diseases (Muscular Dystrophy, Cerebral Palsy)
CHRONIC RESPIRATORY ISSUES WILL LIKELY SHOW COMPENSATION |
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Term
| Respiratory alkalosis always due to __ and always has __ CO2. |
|
Definition
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Term
| Causes of respiratory alkalosis: |
|
Definition
- Hypoxia (pulmonary disease, anemia, high altitude)
- Pregnancy
- Drugs: Salicylates, Progesterone, Catecholamines
- Mechanical ventilation
- Stress/fear |
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Term
| Metabolic Acidosis will have __ bicarb and __ to __ anion gap. |
|
Definition
- low bicarbonate
- normal to increased anion gap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Na - (Cl + Bicarb)
normal= 6-12 |
|
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Term
| If the anion gap is increased, you know bicarb has __ and something else is taking its place. |
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Definition
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Term
| Causes of increased anion gap with metabolic acidosis: |
|
Definition
MUDPILES:
- Methanol (moon shine)
- Uremia (kidney failure)
- DKA (also starvation and ketoacidosis)
- Paraldehyde, Propylene Glycol
- Iron or Iosniazid overdose
- Lactic Acidosis
- Etheylen glycol (antifreeze)
- Salicylates (ASA and oil of wintergreen) |
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Term
| Metabolic Acidosis with a normal anion gap is aka: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Causes of hyperchloremic acidosis aka metabolic acidosis with a normal anion gap: |
|
Definition
DRAUT
- Diarrhea
- Renal tubular acidosis
- Addison's disease
- Uretosigmoidostomy or fistulas
- TPN: NH4Cl, lysine, or arginine hydrochloride ingestion |
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|
Term
| Metabolic alkalosis always has a high __. |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| Causes of metabolic alkalosis: |
|
Definition
- Drugs: Thiazide diuretics, Loop diuretics, Penicillin, Carbenicillin, Bicarbonate
- Vomiting
- Nasogastric suction
- Mineralocorticoids excess
- Excessive licorice ingestion (just 2 oz/day for 2 weeks) |
|
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Term
| Vomiting causes metabolic ___, while diarrhea causes metabolic ___. |
|
Definition
- vomiting> alkalosis
- diarrhea> acidosis
DIARRHEA BURNS YOUR BUTT SO IT CAUSES METABOLIC ACIDOSIS |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What are the drugs that can cause metaoblic alkalosis: |
|
Definition
- Thiazide diuretics
- Loop diuretics
- Penicillin
- Carbenicillin
- Bicarbonate |
|
|
Term
| What drugs can cause respiratory alkalosis: |
|
Definition
- Salicylates
- Progesterone
- Catecholamines |
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