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GT First Aid
Army Promotion Board study guide
38
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Professional
02/27/2013
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Term
What is Self Aid?
 
 Definition
Self Aid is
 
Emergency treatment one applies to oneself
Term
Name some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment

 

 Definition
Some items that you might use as a splint from your military equipment are
  • Bayonet
  • Rifle
  • Entrenching tool
  • Tent poles and stakes
  • Web belt
Term
What is the quickest way to splint a broken leg?
 
 Definition
The quickest way to splint a broken leg is to
 
tie the broken leg securely to the unbroken leg
Term
How many pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding with fingers, thumbs or hands are there on the human body?
 
 Definition
There are 11 pressure points, which can be used to control bleeding on the human body
 
Term
What is the object of first aid?

 

 Definition
The object of first aid is  
  1. To stop bleeding
  2. Overcome shock
  3. Relieve pain
  4. Prevent infection
Term
What FM covers first aid for soldiers?
 
 Definition
The FM that covers first aid for soldiers is
 
FM 4-25.11
Term
What is First Aid?
 
 Definition
 First Aid  
 
  is the first care given to casualties before treatment by medical personnel can be made available
Term
What is the unique feature of type "O" blood?
 
 Definition
The unique feature of type "O" blood is that  
 
it is a universal donor
Term
What are the lifesaving steps? (The ABC's of medical treatment)

 

 Definition
The lifesaving steps or ABC's of medical treatment are  
  1. Open the airway and restore breathing
  2. Stop the bleeding / Protect the wound
  3. Prevent shock
Term
Whose first aid dressing should be used on a casualty?
 
 Definition
 
The casualty’s field dressing should be used on a casualty
Term
Why should you dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible?
 
 Definition
You should dress and bandage the wound as soon as possible
 
to protect the wound from further contamination of germs, and also to control the bleeding
Term
Where is a tourniquet applied?
 
 Definition
  
The tourniquet should be applied around the limb, between the wound and the heart. Never place it directly over a wound, a fracture, or joint. 
Term
Name 3 categories of heat injuries

 

 Definition
 3 categories of heat injuries are
  1. Heat cramps
  2. Heat exhaustion
  3. Heat stroke
Term
What are the signs and symptoms of heat cramps?

 

 Definition
The signs and symptoms of heat cramps are 
  1. Cramping in the extremities (arms and legs)
  2. Abdominal Cramps (stomach)
  3. Excessive Sweating
Term
What are the signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion?

 

 Definition
The signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion are 
  1. Excessive sweating with pale, moist, cool skin
  2. Headache
  3. Weakness
  4. Dizziness
  5. Loss of appetite
  6. Cramping
  7. Nausea (with or without vomiting)
  8. Urge to defecate
  9. Chills (Gooseflesh)
  10. Rapid Breathing
  11. Tingling of Hands/Feet
  12. Confusion
Term
What are the signs and symptoms of heat stroke?

 

 Definition
The signs and symptoms of heat stroke are 
  1. Skin is red, hot and dry
  2. Weakness
  3. Dizziness
  4. Confusion
  5. Headaches
  6. Seizures
  7. Nausea
  8. Stomach pains or cramps
  9. Respiration and pulse may be rapid and weak.
  10. Unconsciousness and collapse may occur suddenly
Term
What are two basic types of fractures?

 

 Definition
The two basic types of fractures are
  1. Open (compound)
  2. Closed (simple)
Term
What is the basic proven principle in splinting fractures?
 
 Definition
The basic proven principle in splinting fractures is
 
"Splint them where they lie"
Term
How tight should a tourniquet be?
 
 Definition
A tourniquet should be
 
tightened until the bright red bleeding has stopped
Term
What are the three types of bleeding?

 

 Definition
The three types of bleeding are  
  1. Arterial- Blood is bright red and will spurt with each heart beat
  2. Venous- Blood is dark red and flows in a steady stream
  3. Capillary- Blood oozes from the wound
Term
Name 4 common points for checking pulse
 Definition
4 common points for checking pulse are
  1. Carotid- The side of the neck
  2. Femoral- The groin
  3. Radial- The wrist
  4. Posterial Tibial- Ankle
Term
What are some signs/symptoms of shock?

 

 Definition
Some signs/symptoms of shock are  
  • Clammy skin (cool, pale and damp)
  • Restlessness and nervousness
  • Thirst
  • Loss of blood
  • Confusion
  • Fast breathing
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Blotched or bluish skin (especially around the mouth and lips)
  • Often perspires freely
  • May pass out.
Term
What is a heat injury?
 
 Definition
A heat injury is
 
a loss of water and salt, loss of sweat while personnel work in the heat, a general dehydration of the body
Term
What is the greatest preventive measure for disease?
 
 Definition
The greatest preventive measure for disease is
 
cleanliness
Term
How do you stop bleeding?

 

 Definition
To stop bleeding
  • Apply a field dressing
  • Manual pressure
  • Elevate the limb
  • Apply a pressure dressing
  • Digital Pressure
  • Apply a tourniquet
Term
Name two types of rescue breathing

 

 Definition
Two types of rescue breathing are
  1. Mouth to mouth
  2. Mouth to nose
Term
How long is direct manual pressure applied to control bleeding?
 
 Definition
Direct manual pressure is applied for 5 to 10 minutes to control bleeding
Term
What should you do prior to leaving an unconscious casualty?
 
 Definition
Prior to leaving an unconscious casualty
 
turn their head to the side to prevent them from choking on their own vomit
Term
When should a tourniquet be used to stop bleeding?
 
 Definition
A tourniquet be used to stop bleeding
 
as a last resort when everything else has failed or when an arm or leg has been severed off
Term
What does COLD stand for?
 
 Definition
  
COLD is a key word in cold weather protection, it stands for Keep it CLEAN, Avoid OVERHEATING, Wear it LOOSE and in layers and Keep it DRY
Term
What are the 8 steps in evaluating a casualty?
 
 Definition
The 8 steps in evaluating a casualty are to
Check for:
  • Responsiveness
  • Breathing
  • Pulse
  • Bleeding
  • Shock
  • Fractures
  • Burns
  • Possible concussions (head injuries)
Term
What is the first indication of frostbite?
 
 Definition
The first indication of frostbite is that
 
Skin becomes numb and white particles/patches form on it
Term
When should an airtight dressing be applied to a sucking chest wound?
 
 Definition
An airtight dressing should be applied to a sucking chest wound
 
as the individual breathes out
Term
Name the four types of burns

 

 Definition
The four types of burns are
  1. Thermal
  2. Electrical
  3. Chemical
  4. Laser
Term
What are the three categories used in medical evacuation?

 

 Definition
The three categories used in medical evacuation are  
  1. Urgent- within 2 hours
  2. Priority- within 4 hours
  3. Routine- within 24 hours
Term
What is the first step in the first aid of a burn victim?
 
 Definition
The first step in the first aid of a burn victim is to  
 
remove the casualty from the source of the burn
Term
What are the 2 prescribed methods for opening an airway?

 

 Definition
The 2 prescribed methods for opening an airway are  
  1. The jaw thrust
  2. Head tilt/chin lift methods
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