Term
| Counseling and Therapy Groups |
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Definition
| groups focus on increased psychological adjustment and health |
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Term
| Types of Counseling and Therapy Groups |
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Definition
-Psychoanalytical
-Alderian groups
-Psychodrama groups
-Gestalt groups
-Cognitive Behavioral groups
-Existentialgroups
-Person-Centered groups
-Rational-Emotive groups
- Reality groups
-interpersonal theray groups |
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Term
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Definition
group that emphasizes inner conflicts underlying psychological problems (Freudian)
-participants encouraged to discuss their memories, fears, fantasies, to gain insight into their unconscious
- facilitator may offer interpretations and promote insight |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasis that people feel inferior in regard to to others from childhood and social forces primarily motivate people
4 stages
-build cohesion
-assess members psychological health and functioning
- help members increase slef understanding and insights
-help each member re orient to see new ways of behavior and choices |
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Term
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Definition
-group emphasis that acting out past traumatic events is more involving than passive discussion (Moreno)
-participants act out past emotional experiences |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasis on the integration of mind and body; increased clarity of one's wants, values, adn goals; greater awareness of oneself; and resolution or completion of unfinished business
-participants work through unresolved repressed issues to be full functioning |
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Term
| Cognitive behavioral groups |
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Definition
group emphasizes behavioral theories of skinner and bandura to change behavior without concern for origin or psycho dynamics of the person
-participants chose behavior to change, then through behavioral procedure change behavior to teach self management |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasizes helping participants confront the basic "givens" in life/ultimate concerns of existence
-assume participants free to chose what to make of their lives and are responsible for their choices and actions not passive victims |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasize human beings move toward wholeness adn actualization and can find their way without much direction (Carl Rogers)
-facilitator creates healing, caring, empathetic environment
-participants let down their defenses adn work toward meaningful goals |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasizes that humans are motivated to fufill basic needs for survival, love, belonging, power, freedom, adn fun; each person choses how to fuffill needs in current relationships
-participants control their own behavior to better meet their needs in current relationships |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasizes at early age people learnd should's ought's musts, ect that are translated to negative assumptions
-participants must become aware of irrational assumptions, internally debate, adn replace it with a new bahavior |
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Term
| Interpersonal Therapy Groups |
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Definition
group emphasis on assumption that many psychological problems result from problems in relationships
-participants need to correct self defeating behavior |
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Term
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Definition
groups that focus on emotional growth, improved interpersonal relationships, and group skills
-take advantage of small groups to develop interpersonal skills and personal insights to lead to more satisfactory relationships in life |
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Term
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Definition
- T-Groups
-Encounter Groups
-Human Relations Training Groups
-Structured Growth Groups |
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Term
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Definition
group who emphasis is on studying the development of the group and relationships among the group members
-primary info source is behavior of members themselves
-discussion focuses on what is happening within the group
-originates from Lewin's groups |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasis on members accepting and trusting feelings and most personal qualities and being more open with others
-members encouraged to interact authentically
-facilitator maintains positive atmosphere and helps members
-role playing is often used |
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Term
| Human Relations Training Groups |
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Definition
group emphasis on increasing member's competence in interacting effectively with individuals from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds
-small groups of diverse members interact to study interaction adn work to build more effective relationships
-members tend to develop insight into cultural difference adn construct and maintain diverse relationships |
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Term
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Definition
group emphasis on developing specific interpersonal problem or skill
-exercises used to help members practice targeted behaviors and skills
-workshops, trainings, seminars |
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Term
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Definition
groups focus on overcoming or coping with life stresses such as addiction or illness
-voluntary members meet to exchange social support or solve or deal with a common problem or condition |
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Term
| Goals of Therapeutic Groups |
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Definition
1. Increase interpersonal effetiveness
2.Increase psychological health
3. Increase humanizing relationships
4. move towards self actualization |
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Term
| Interpersonal effectiveness |
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Definition
| extent to which a persons behavior match his or her intentions |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to be aware of and manage effectively ones interdependent interactions with others |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to reflect the qualities of empathy, kindness, caring, consideration, love, ect |
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Term
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Definition
| psychological need for growth, development, and utilization of potential |
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Term
| Advantages of Group Experiences |
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Definition
1. Supportive Community
2. Hope
3. Microcosm of real world
4. induce and reduce powerful feelings
5. Perspective taking
6. Multiple Sources of Social Comparison
7. Multiple Sources of Feedback
8. Vicarious learning
9. Require variety of skill
10. Influence behavior and attitude
11. Helping others
12. Resource to gain self insight
13. Cognitive Learning |
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Term
| Importance of Disclosing Emotions |
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Definition
1. experienceing emotions can teach participants to accept feelings
2. expressing and describing emotional experiences tends to unify people
3.expressing previously hidden emotions can free members from stress adn tension
4. beneficial change is promoted by observing other members ave significant emotional experiences
5. disclosing has therapeutic effects
6. provides members with insight into their problem |
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Term
| Leaders of a Growth Group must: |
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Definition
1. establish conditions for experiencing and disclosing emotions to modify behavior
2. be resource expert on group dynamics, experiental learning, and approach to growth being emphasized
3. teach needed interpersonal and small group skills
4. model interpersonal and small group skills
5.ensure that members have opportunity for disclosure and experimentation with new behavior patterns and attitudes
6.ensure members are provided with constructive confrontations and feedback
7.promote corrective or reparative emotional experiences within group
8.guide problem solving within which members can address their concerns
9.establish and enforce a contract with participants |
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Term
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Definition
group suppresses and avoids conflicts and when they occur are managed in destructive ways
-conflict is unitary
-conflict is the problem
-avoid, suppresses, contains conflicts
-conflict believed inherently destructive
-no value seen in conflict
-conflicts create anxiety and defensiveness
-individuals go for a "win" |
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Term
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Definition
group encourages and manages conflicts constructively to maximize their potential in enhancing the quality of decision making and problem solving
-recognizes different types of conflict
-conflict is part of the solution
-seek out adn encourage conflict
-conflict believed potentially constructive
-many values to conflict
-create excitement, interest, focus
-individuals try to "solve the problem" |
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Term
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Definition
| a fight, struggle, battle, disagreement, dispute, or quarrel |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| an ideal state of affairs that we value and are working to achieve |
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Term
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Definition
| the potential benefits to be gained by achieving our goals |
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Term
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Definition
when the actions of one person attempting to maximize his or her benfits prevent, block, interfere with, injure, or in some way make less effective the actions of another person attempting to maximize his or her benefits
based on:
-differences in wants, needs, goals, and values
-scarcities of certain resources such as power, influence, money, time, space, popularity, position
-rivalry |
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Term
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Definition
-create anger hostility lasting animosity and even violence
-can result in pain and sadness
-can end in lawsuits ect
-destroy groups effectiveness, relationships,commitment to goals, work,efforts, security, trust, |
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Term
| Positive Conflict Outcomes |
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Definition
-can focus group attention on a problem
- energize and motivate members to solve them
-disfunctional behavioral patterns are highlighted by conflicts
-clarify how group members need to change
-clarify what and whom members care about, values, and identity
-keep relationships clear of irritations and resentments
-strengthen members confidence
-release negative emotions
-fun |
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Term
| Constructive Conflicts results |
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Definition
1. result in agreement that allows members to achieve goals. Maximize joint outcomes, benefit all, and in alls best interest
2. Strengthen relationship among participants by increasing thier liking, respect, adn trust for one another
3. increase participants ability to resolve future conflicts |
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Term
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Definition
| physical or verbal behavior intended to injure another |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior intended to express confidence or dominance |
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Term
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Definition
| an attempt to hurt another person without face to face confrontation |
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Term
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Definition
| an attempt to hurt another person to his or her face |
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Term
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Definition
| hurtful behavior that stems from out of control anger |
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Term
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Definition
| hurtful behavior that stems from trying to accomplish a goal |
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Term
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Definition
| hurtful behavior towards a person who is not the causal agent of the instigating provacation |
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Term
| Conflict Management Strategies |
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Definition
1. The owl (Problem-solving negotiations)
2. Teddy Bear (Smoothing)
3. Shark (Forcing or win-lose negotiations)
4.The Fox (Compromising)
5. The turtle (withdrawing) |
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Term
Problem Solving Negotiations
OWL |
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Definition
| strategy that values goal and relationship |
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Term
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Definition
strategy values the importance of the relationship
-give goal little importance
-see others goals as more important |
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Term
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Definition
strategy values the goal and doesn't care about the relationship
-seek to force or persuade |
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Term
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Definition
strategy that are moderately concerned with the goal and the relationship
-meeting at the middle to each get half |
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Term
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Definition
strategy that values neither goals or relationships
-simply avoid conflict |
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Term
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Definition
-fear
-negative attitudes
-values
-anxieties
-conflict avoidance |
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Term
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Definition
-task requirements
- group norms
-pressure to maintain public image
-perceptions of ones vulnerability
-physical seperation |
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Term
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Definition
| event that triggers conflict of interest |
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Term
| Control Occurrence of Conflicts |
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Definition
1. Increase barriers
2. Avoid triggering events
3. entry state of individual, or persons ability to deal with conflict |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which people with shared and opposed interests attempt to reach an agreement that specifies what each gives to and receives from one another |
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Term
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Definition
| -negotiation where one member benefits only if the other agrees to make concession |
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Term
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Definition
| -negotiation where two people work together to seek a solution that will benefit both |
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Term
| 3 Types of Interdependence in Negotiations |
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Definition
1. Participation-interdependence
-need two people
2.Outcome-Interdependence
-need agreement
3.Information-Interdependence
-need each other for information |
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Term
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Definition
choice between believing or not believing the other negotiator
disbelief reduces possibility of agreement |
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Term
| Dilemma of honesty and openness |
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Definition
| risk of either negotiator being exploited for disclosing too much info too quickly or refusing to disclose info |
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Term
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Definition
| a negotiator should return the same benefit or harm given by negotiator |
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Term
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Definition
| the benefits received or costs assessed by negotiators should be equal |
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Term
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Definition
| how to reach an agreement favorable to oneself but not so one sided that the other negotiator refuses to agree |
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Term
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Definition
| negotiation with goal to maximize your outcomes while minimizing the other persons |
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Term
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Definition
| negotiation with the goal to maximize the joint benefit |
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Term
| Distibutive Negotiation Strategy |
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Definition
-present offer favorable to oneself and refuse to modify position
-gather info about what other considers a reasonable agreement
- continually pointing out validity of ones own position
-use combo of threats and promises to achieve goal
-commit oneself to ones position to make other agree to her norms
-agreeing ones benefits are better than the others or there is no outcome |
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Term
| Integrative Negotiation Strategy |
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Definition
-describing what you want
-describing how you feel
-describing the reasons underlying your wants and feelings
-reversing perspectives
-inventing at least 3 optional agreements that maximize joint outcomes
-choosing one alternative and agreeing to it |
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Term
| Hints to engage in distributive negotiation |
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Definition
1. identify triggering events
2. make an extreme opening offer
3. compromise slowly
4. use threats promises and stick doggedly to committed positione
5. be ready to walk away with no agreement |
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