Term
| what are the four bones of the margin of the bony orbit? |
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Definition
| frontal, zygomatic, maxillary, lacrimal |
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Term
| what are the foramina above and below the margin of the bony orbital? |
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Definition
supraorbital foramen
infraorbital foramen |
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Term
| the optic canal transmits what 2 structures into the orbit? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the superior orbital fissure transmits what 5 structures into the orbit? |
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Definition
| III, IV, VI, the opthalmic nerve, and the opthalmic veins |
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Term
| the inferior orbital fissure transmits what 2 structures into the orbital? |
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Definition
| infraorbital nerve and the zygomatic nerve (branches or V2) |
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Term
| The outer fibrous layer of the eye contains what? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the middle vascular layer of the eye contains what? |
|
Definition
| choroid, ciliary body, iris |
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|
Term
| Inner nervous layer of the eye contains what? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| where do the extrinsic eye muscles insert? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what transparent structure allows light to enter the eye? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what secretes aqueous humor into the post. chamber? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| do ciliary processes secrete aqueous humor into the anterior chamber? |
|
Definition
| NO - the aqueous humor is secreted into the posterior chamber and passes into the anterior chamber via the pupil |
|
|
Term
| where is aqueous humor absorbed? |
|
Definition
| into the sinus venous sclerae |
|
|
Term
| what can interference of aqueous humor absorption lead to? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what artery and vein supply the retina? |
|
Definition
| central a. and v. of the retina |
|
|
Term
what are the retina and optic nerves sheathed by?
What is the extension of the subarachnoid space around the retina and the optic nerve? |
|
Definition
the three meninges
the intervaginal space |
|
|
Term
| a rise in CSF pressure will compress the ventral vein of the retina and impede venous drainage from the retina. This results in |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 intrinsic muscles of the eye? |
|
Definition
ciliary muscle
sphincter pupillae muscle
dilator pupillae muscle |
|
|
Term
| what attaches the ciliary muscle to the elastic lens? |
|
Definition
| fibers of the ciliary zonule |
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|
Term
| ciliary muscle contraction causes what? |
|
Definition
| accommodation - the fibers of the ciliary zonule relax, causing the elastic lens to "round up" for focusing on a near object |
|
|
Term
| which muscle constricts the pupil? |
|
Definition
| sphincter pupillae muscle |
|
|
Term
| which muscle dilates the pupil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
pupil constriction term?
pupil dilation term? |
|
Definition
constriction - miosis
dilation - mydriasis |
|
|
Term
| what ganglion lies in the posterior part of the orbit, just lateral to the optic nerve? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what nerves carry postsynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the sphincter pupillae and the ciliary muscle? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| from what tendon do the four extra ocular recti muscles arise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| origin of inferior oblique? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| (actual) origin of superior oblique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (functional) origin of the superior oblique? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| medial walls of 2 orbits are (parallel/perpendicular) to one another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lateral walls of 2 orbits are (parallel/perpendicular) to one another |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what axis is the eye resting on when looking straight ahead? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what axis is the eye resting on when looking to the side? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which axis permits adduction and abduction of the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle adducts the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscle abducts the eye? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscles assist in adduction? What position is the eye in when they assist? |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior rectus assist in adduction when the eye is in the primary position |
|
|
Term
| Which muscles assist in abduction? |
|
Definition
| superior and inferior oblique |
|
|
Term
| which axis of the eye permits elevation and depression? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| muscles that elevate the eye |
|
Definition
| superior rectus and inferior oblique |
|
|
Term
| muscles that depress the eye |
|
Definition
| inferior rectus and superior oblique |
|
|
Term
| what axis permits intorsion and extorsion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which muscles produce intorsion |
|
Definition
| superior rectus and superior oblique |
|
|
Term
| which muscles produce extrusion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the mnemonic for innervation of the extrinsic eye muscles? |
|
Definition
SO4LR6R3
- Superior oblique - IV
- Lateral rectus - VI
- Remaining - III |
|
|
Term
| which nerves enter through the superior orbital fissure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
which two muscles insert into the sup. tarsal plate?
what do these muscle do? |
|
Definition
levator palpebrae superioris
superior tarsal muscle
elevate the upper eyelid |
|
|
Term
levator palpebrae is innervated by ____
origin? insertion? |
|
Definition
superior division of III
origin - lesser wing of sphenoid
insertion - front of superior tarsal plate |
|
|
Term
| superior tarsal muscle origin? insertion? |
|
Definition
origin - levator palpebrae superioris
insertion - superior border of superior tarsal plate |
|
|
Term
| paralysis of levator palpebrae superioris or superior tarsal muscle due to lesion of III or cervical part of sympathetic trunk will cause what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| periosteum of the orbita is called the _____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the periosteum is continuous with the ___ ___ at the optic canal and superior orbital fissure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the fascial sheath that surrounds the eyeball? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other than the optic nerve, the chief sensory nerve of the orbit is the _____ n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nasociliary n.
Lacrimal n.
Frontal n. |
|
|
Term
| As it leaves the ganglion, V1 only has what functional component? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the frontal nerve branches into which 2 nerves? |
|
Definition
| supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve |
|
|
Term
| supratrochlear nerve and supraorbital nerve innervate what? |
|
Definition
| sensory to upper eyelid, forehead, and scalp |
|
|
Term
| the lacrimal nerve innervates? |
|
Definition
sensory to the lacrimal gland and upper eyelid
postsynaptic parasympathetic secretomotor fibers to lacrimal gland |
|
|
Term
| the nasocilliary nerve gives off a couple ______ nn. |
|
Definition
| long ciliary nerves -sensory innervate cornea and also postsynaptic sympathetic fibers to the dilator pupillae |
|
|
Term
| the nasociliary nerve gives off what near the medial wall of the orbit |
|
Definition
| anterior and posterior ethmoidal nerve |
|
|
Term
| anterior ethmoidal nerve enters the nasal cavity where is gives off GSA branches, becomes the external nasal nerve suppling what part of face? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infratrochlear nerve leaves orbit and supplies what part of face? |
|
Definition
| skin over the upper one-half of the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| opthalmic artery arises from the ___? Enters the orbit through the ____? |
|
Definition
ICA
enters through the optic canal |
|
|
Term
ocular branches of the opthalmic artery supply what?
orbital branches of the opthalmic artery supply? |
|
Definition
eyeball
extraocular structures |
|
|
Term
| which veins drain the choroid of the eye? |
|
Definition
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