Term
| Fibrous tissue that covers the kidneys |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Subcostal Ventral Rami of T12
Iliohypogastric Ventral Rami of L1
Ilioinguinal Ventral Rami of L1
Genitofemoral Ventral Rami of L1, L2
Lumbosacral Trunk Ventral Rami of L4, L5
Femoral Ventral Rami of L2, L3, L4
Obturator Ventral Rami of L2, L3, L4
Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Ventral Rami of L2, L3 |
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Term
| Inferior phrenic arteries |
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Definition
| Small visceral branches of the abdominal aorta that arise from the aorta itself, the renal arteries, or the celiac arteries. They divide into the medial and lateral branches and supply the diaphragm. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prostatic Urethra --> Membranous Urethra --> Penile Urethra --> Navicular Fossa --> External Urethral Orifice |
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Term
| Angles of the Vagina/Vestibule |
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Definition
| Anterior & Posterior Commissure |
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Term
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Definition
O: Lumbar vertebrae (bodies, intervertebral discs), transverse processes of all vertebrae
I: Lesser trochanter of the femur
NN: Ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2, L3)
A: Act conjointly with psoas minor and iliacus to flex the thigh at the hip joint and to stabilize this joint |
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Term
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Definition
O: Sides of T12-L1 vertebrae and intervertebral disc
I: Pectineal line, iliopectineal eminence via iliopectineal arch
NN: Ventral rami of lumbar nerves (L1, L2)
A: Act conjointly with psoas major and iliacus to flex the thigh at the hip joint and to stabilize this joint |
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Term
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Definition
O: liac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, and anterior sacroiliac ligaments
I: Tendon of psoas major, lesser trochanter, and femur distal to it.
NN: Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
A: Act conjointly with psoas minor and iliacus to flex the thigh at the hip joint and to stabilize this joint |
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Term
| Testicular layer from parietal peritoneum |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Visceral Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
Parietal Layer of Tunica Vaginalis
Internal Spermatic Fascia
Cremasteric Fascia
Cremasteric Muscle
External Spermatic Fascia
Dartos Fascia & Muscle
Scrotum |
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Term
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Definition
O: 12th rib and lumbar transverse processes
I: Iliolumbar ligament and iliac crest.
N: Ventral Rami of T12 to L4
A: Flexes the vertebral column laterally and anchors the inferior end of the rib cage during respiration |
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Term
| Tissue Layers of the Penis (3) |
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Definition
Tunica Albuginea
Buck's Fascia
Dartos Fascia
Skin |
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Term
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Definition
| Bulge in the balls from backup of blood/hernia |
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Term
| Lymphatic drainage of the testis |
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Definition
| Lymphatics from the scrotum drain to the superficial inguinal lymph nodes. Inflammation of the scrotum may cause tender, enlarged superficial inguinal lymph nodes. In contrast, lymphatic from the testis follow the testicular vessels through the inguinal canal and into the abdominal cavity where they drain into lumbar (lateral aortic) lymph nodes and preaortic lymph nodes. Testicular tumors may metastasize to lumbar and preaortic lymph nodes, not to superficial inguinal lymph nodes. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Nerve roots of the sacral plexus |
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Definition
| VENTRAL RAMI OF L4-S3 (same as sciatic nn) |
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Term
| Three parts of the diaphragm, & three ligaments. |
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Definition
Sternal part (two small bundles of muscle fibers that attach to the posterior surface of the xiphoid process)
Costal part (attach to the inferior six ribs and their costal cartilages)
Lumbar part (formed by two crura (right and left) and the muscle fibers that arise from the medial and lateral arcuate ligaments).
Median Ligament, Medial Arcuate Ligament, Lateral Arcuate Ligament |
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Term
| Vertebral level does the aorta give off the right/left testicular/ovarian arteries? |
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Definition
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Term
| What two veins drain differently from side to side? |
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Definition
The suprarenal veins, and the gonadal veins
On the right, they drain into the IVC
On the left, they drain into the left renal vein |
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Term
| Four arteries that come off the aorta in the lumbar region bilaterally; the right four pass inferiorly to the IVC |
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Definition
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Term
| Transversus Abdominus OINA: |
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Definition
O: Iliac crest, inguinal ligament, thoracolumbar fascia, and costal cartilages 7-12
I: Xiphoid process, linea alba, pubic crest and pecten pubis via conjoint tendon
N: Thoracoabdominal nn. (T6-T11), Subcostal n. (T12), iliohypogastric nerve (L1), and ilioinguinal nerve (L1).
A: Compresses abdominal contents |
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Term
| Recognizing Genitofemoral |
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Definition
Runs along the anterior surface of psoas major.
Divides into two branches somewhere along this muscle (varies greatly from person to person) |
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Term
| Lumbosacral nerve/trunk course |
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Definition
| Runs deep to obturator nerve, joins the sacral plexus (same nerve roots as the sciatic n) |
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Term
| Iliohypogastric nerve (L1)/ ilioinguinal nerve courses |
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Definition
Descend steeply across the anterior surface of QL.
Frequently, they arise from a common trunk and do not separate until they reach the transversus abdominis muscle. To positively ID the ilioinguinal nerve, follow it to the superficial inguinal ring. |
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Term
| Lateral Cutaneous Femoral Nerve Course |
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Definition
| Passes deep to the inguinal ligament near the ASIS. |
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Term
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Definition
Lies on the lateral side of the psoas major muscle in the groove between the psoas major and iliacus muscles.
It innervates the iliacus muscle and passes deep to the inguinal ligament and provides motor and sensory branches to the anterior thigh. |
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Term
| Nerve course of Obturator nerve |
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Definition
| Located on medial side of psoas major muscle, between the muscle and the common iliac vessels. It supplies motor and sensory innervation to the medial thigh. |
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Term
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Definition
| The abdominal part of the sympathetic trunk lies on the lumbar vertebral bodies between the crus of the diaphragm and the psoas major muscle. |
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Term
| Lumbar splanchnic nerves & What they contain |
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Definition
| Looks like 2 strings from L1 & L2 that go to/above the aorta just before it bifurcates; contain sympathetic and visceral afferent fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| Afferent go to the brain/CNS vs Efferent go away from the brain/CNS |
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Term
| What opening does the median arcuate ligament cover? |
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Definition
| Aortic hiatus - has right and left crus running alongside it |
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Term
| Greater Splanchnic(T5-T9) Nerve Course & Fibers |
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Definition
| Penetrates the crus to enter the abdominal cavity; the main portion of the greater splanchnic nerve distributes to the celiac ganglion where its sympathetic axons will synapse. |
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Term
| Three parts of the bladder and where they are found |
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Definition
Apex: the pointed part directed toward the anterior abdominal wall. The apex of the urinary bladder can be identified by the attachment of the urachus.
Base (aka the fundus): the inferior part of the posterior wall. In the male the base is related to the ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, and rectum. In the female, the fundus is related to the vagina and the cervix.
Neck: where the urethra exits the urinary bladder. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Part of the rectum that bends 80 degrees |
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Definition
Anorectal Flexure
Covered by the puborectalis muscle (helps form the flexure) |
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Term
| Items that pass through the greater sciatic foramen |
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Definition
| Piriformis (mainly, superior gluteal vessels, superior gluteal nerve, inferior gluteal vessels, inferior gluteal nerve, internal pudendal vessels, pudendal nerve, sciatic nerve (obviously), posterior femoral cutaneous nerve, nerve to obturator internus, nerve to quadratus femoris |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Supplies the external urethral sphincter muscle, the deep transverse perineal muscle, and the clitoris.
Made by contributions from S2, 3, 4. Exits the pelvis by passing inferior to the piriformis through the greater sciatic foramen. |
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Term
| Pelvic Splanchnic Nerves (roots and course) |
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Definition
S2, 3, 4
Carry parasympathetic axons to pelvic organs and distal gi tract. |
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Term
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Definition
The muscular floor of the pelvic cavity; formed by the levator ani muscle and coccygeus muscle and the fasciae covering their superior and inferior surfaces.
Separates the pelvic cavity from the perineum. |
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Term
Tissue that forms the deep inguinal ring
&
Tissue that forms the superficial inguinal ring |
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Definition
Transversalis fascia
&
External Oblique aponeurosis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 4 parts of the Uterine Tube |
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Definition
I
A
I
F
Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum
Fimbriae |
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Term
| Three layers of the uterus |
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Definition
| Endometrium, Myometrium, Perimetrium |
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Term
| Fascia that ties the neck of the urinary bladder to the pubis across the retropubic space. Defines the inferior limit of the retropubic space. |
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Definition
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Term
| Artery that crosses with and can be confused in surgery with the ureter |
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Definition
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Term
| Arteries that arise from the internal iliac (11) |
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Definition
liolumbar artery
lateral sacral artery
superior gluteal artery
inferior gluteal artery
middle rectal artery
uterine artery
obturator artery
superior vesical artery
inferior vesical artery
obliterated umbilical artery
internal pudendal artery |
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Term
| 3 Venous Plexuses of the pelvis |
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Definition
Vesical: Any of the veins that drain the vesical plexus and join the internal iliac veins.
Prostatic: a venous plexus, arising chiefly from the dorsal vein of the penis, situated below the base of the bladder at the sides of the prostate.
Rectal: a venous plexus resting on the posterior and lateral walls of the rectum; it drains into the superior rectal vein to the portal, the middle rectal to the internal iliac, and the inferior rectal to the internal pudendal. |
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Term
| Innervation of external sphincter muscle of anus and skin around anus |
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Definition
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Term
| Muscle that surrounds the major labia of the vagina |
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Definition
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Term
| The pudendal nerve and the internal pudendal artery supply (3) |
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Definition
| The external urethral sphincter muscle, the deep transverse perineal muscle, and the penis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deep fascia of the urogenital triangle |
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Term
| Superficial Transverse Perineal Muscle OINA |
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Definition
O: ramus of ischium
I: central tendon of perineum acting with other perineal muscles to resist increased intrapelvic pressure
N: pudendal
A: draws back and fixes the central tendon of the perineum |
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Term
| Bulb of the penis contains what urethral portion? |
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Definition
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Term
| Artery that runs through the middle of the corpora cavernosa |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Surrounds the corpus spongeosum, corpora cavernosum, tunica albuginea (lies just deep to it), deep dorsal vein of the penis, dorsal arteries of the penis, and dorsal nerves of the penis |
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Term
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Definition
| The part of the penis that is attached to the ischiopubic ramus and perineal membrane (bulb and crura) |
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Term
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Definition
| Prepuce, glans, corona, shaft, root |
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Term
| Supplies the cremaster muscle and the scrotal skin |
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Definition
| Genital Part of genitofemoral |
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Term
| Genital Part of genitofemoral innervates |
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Definition
| The cremaster muscle and the scrotal skin |
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Term
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Definition
The muscles within the deep perineal pouch (ischiocavernosus bilaterally & transverse perineal muscles bilaterally) plus the perineal membrane are known as the urogenital diaphragm
A miniature triangle within the urogenital triangle |
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Term
| Deep transverse perineal muscle |
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Definition
| Broad muscle that surrounds the external urethral sphincter, and vestibule in females; just anterior to external anal sphincter |
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