Term
| General Features of Abdominal Wall |
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Definition
1. consists of 4 muscles
2. superficial fascia- fatty (camper's) layer and membranous (scarpa's) layer
3. deep fascia
4. aponeurosis
5. umbilicus |
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Term
| Muscles of Abdominal Wall |
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Definition
1. external oblique
2. internal oblique
3. transverse
4. rectus abdominis |
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Term
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Definition
1.fusion of aponeuroses from three lateral muscles on both sides
2. single, double or triple decussations |
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Term
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Definition
1. dense CT that envelopes rectus abdominus
2. formed by lateral muscles en route to linea alba |
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Term
| Function of abdominal wall muscles |
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Definition
1. protect viscera
2. maintain positions of viscera
3. change pressure of abdominal cavity
4. change pressure of thoracic cavity
5. indirectly move vertebral column (sit up) |
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Term
| Muscular innervation of abdominal wall |
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Definition
1. from anterior rami of T1 to T7
2. anterior rami of T12
3. iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves of lumbar plexus (L1) |
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Term
| Cutaneous innervation of abdominal wall |
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Definition
1. same as muscular
2. T7-xyphoid process
3. T10-umbilicus
4. L1-pubis |
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Term
| Blood supply to abdominal wall |
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Definition
1. lumbar arteries from abdominal aorta
2. superior (branch of internal thoracic) and inferior (branch of external iliac) epigastric arteries |
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Term
| Lymphatic drainage of abdominal wall |
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Definition
1. skin and fascia above umbilicus to axillary
2. skin and fascia belove umbilicus to superficial inguinal
3. lymph vessels from muscle and fascia to lymph nodes near origin of blood vessels supplying area |
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Term
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Definition
1. oblique passageway connecting abdominal cavity and perineal region
2. created during fetal development by descent of processus vaginalis
3. transmits spermatic cord and round ligament of uterus |
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Term
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Definition
1. floor: curved bottom of inguinal ligament
2. anterior wall: aponeurosis of external oblique
3. posterior wall: transversalis fascia
4. roof: internal oblique and transverse abdominal muscle fibers |
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Term
| openings of inguinal canal |
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Definition
1. deep inguinal ring: site where processus vaginalis pushed through transversalis fascia
2. superficial inguinal canal-site where processus vaginalis pushed through aponeurosis of external oblique |
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Term
| inguinal triangle (Hesselbach's) |
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Definition
| portion of abdominal wall bound by inferior epigastric blood vessels, lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle, and inguinal ligament |
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Term
| Clinical Notes for Inguinal Region |
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Definition
1. Herniation- indirect through deep inguinal ring and direct at position of inguinal triangle
2. parts of abdominal wall hernia--sac, contents, covering
3. umbilical (congenital) and paraumbilical hernia
4. incisional hernia
5. femoral hernia
6. complications of hernias--incarceration, bowel obstruction, strangulation |
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