Term
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Definition
Thoracic Vertebra
A= Body
B= Vertebral Foramen
C= Superior costal facet: articulates with head of rib
D= Pedicle
E= Angle of articular facet
F= Transverse process: articulates with tubercle of rib
G= Spinous process: attaches with trapezius, rhomboids
H= Superior articular facet: articulates with adjacent vertebra
Bonus: Where is the lamina? |
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Term
[image]
Study and learn this image |
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Definition
References:
pg 21-34 Gray's Atlas
pg 77 Clinical Anatomy |
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Term
[image]
Study and learn this image |
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Definition
References:
pg 21-34 Gray's Atlas
pg 77 clinical Anat |
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Term
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Definition
1= Subscapular fossa: attaches the subscapularis muscle
2= Glenoid cavity: articulates with head of humerus
3= Coracoid process: attaches conoid and trapezoid ligaments, pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, short head of biceps
4= Acromion: attaches deltoid muscle and articulates with clavicle
5= Superior border: attaches omohyoid muscle and transverse scapular ligament
6= Suprascapular notch: transmits suprascapular nerve
7= Superior Angle: attaches levator scapulae
8= Medial border: attaches rhomboids, serratus anterior
9= Inferior angle: attaches teres muscles
10= Lateral border
11= Infraglenoid tubercle: attaches long head of triceps |
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Term
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Definition
A= Supraspinous fossa: attaches supraspinatus muscle
B= Suprascapular notch: transmits suprascapular nerve
C= Coracoid process: attaches conoid and trapezoid ligaments, pectoralis minor, coracobrachialis, short head of biceps
D= Acromion: attaches deltoid muscle and articulates with clavicle
E= Spinoglenoid notch: transmits suprascapular nerve and vessels
F= Glenoid cavity: articulates with head of humerous
-Supraglenoid tubercle attaches long head of biceps
-Infraglenoid tubercle attaches long head of triceps
G= Spine: attaches trapezius muscle
H= Lateral border
I= Infraspinous fossa: attaches infraspinatus muscle
J= Inferior angle: attaches teres muscles
K: Medial border= attaches rhomboids, serratus anterior |
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Term
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Definition
A= Acromion
B= Supraglenoid tubercle: attaches long head of biceps
C= Coracoid process
D= Spine
E= Glenoid cavity
F= Infraglenoid tubercle: attaches long head of triceps
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Term
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Definition
A= Jugular notch
B= Clavicular notch: articulates with clavicle
C= Manubrium: attaches to pectoralis major
D= Body: attaches to pectoralis major
E= Xiphoid process
F= Articular facets for ribs |
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Term
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Definition
A= Conoid tubercle: attaches conoid ligament
B= Trapezoid line: attaches trapezoid ligament
Other features:
Acromial end articulates with acromion
Sternal end articulates with sternum
Superior surface attaches sternocleidomastoid
Inferior surface attaches subclavius muscle (conoid tubercle, trapezoid line on inf. surface)
Anterior border attaches pectoralis major and deltoid
Posterior border attaches trapezius muscle |
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Term
Latissimus dorsi
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: spines of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest
distal: intertubercular sulcus on anterior humerus
action: humoral adduction, extension, medial rotation
innervation: thoracodorsal nerve |
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Term
levator scapulae
-attachment
-action
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: transverse process of upper cervical vertebra
distal: superior angle of scapula
action: elevation, inferior rotation of lateral angle of scapula
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve |
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Term
Rhomboids
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: nuchal ligament and spinous processes of low cervical/upper thoracic
distal: medial border of the sccapula
action:scapular retraction and inferior rotation of lateral angle
innervation: dorsal scapular nerve |
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Term
Trapezius
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: superial nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, spinous process of C7-T12
distal: clavicle/acromion/spine of scapula
actions: scapular elevation, depression, retraction of scapula
innervation: accessory nerve (cranial nerve XI), sensory C3-5 |
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Term
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Definition
-origin of latissimus dorsi
-covers deep muscles of the back
-attaches to spinous and transverse processes |
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Term
Ventral root
-contains what types of neurons? |
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Definition
skeletal muscle innervation- motor neurons
preganglionic sympathetic- motor neurons
preganglionic parasympathetic-motor neurons |
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Term
Dorsal root
-contains what types of neurons? |
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Definition
| primary sensory neurons for skin, fascia, joints, muscles, bones, blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| houses cell bodies of primary sensory neurons |
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Term
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Definition
branch of the spinal nerve:
-primary sensory neurons
-motor neurons
-postganglionic sympathetic
-preganglionic parasympathetic
innervates anterior neck, thoracic wall, abdominal wall, pelvic wall, upper and lower extremity |
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Term
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Definition
Branch of the spinal nerve:
-primary sensory neurons, motor neurons, postganglionic sympathetic neurons
innervates posterior neck and back structures |
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Term
Ligamentum nuchae
-attachments |
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Definition
(nuchal ligament)
attaches from C7 spinous process to external occipital protuberance |
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Term
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Definition
A=Head: articulates with glenoid cavity
B=Greater tubercle (superior, medial, inferior facets): attaches with supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
C= Intertubercular sulcus: biceps long head tendon passes through, attaches pectoralis major, teres major, latissimus dorsi
D= Lesser tubercle: attaches subscapularis
E= Anatomical neck: glenoid capsule attaches
F= Surgical neck
G=Deltoid tuberosity: attaches deltoid
H= Radial groove |
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Term
Pectoralis major
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: clavicle, sternum, aponeurosis of oblique, costal cartilage
distal:lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
action: humoral adduction, flexion, medial rotation
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
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Term
Pectoralis minor
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: ribs 3-5
distal: coracoid process of scapula
action: scapular protraction, depression
innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves |
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Term
Serratus anterior
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: upper 8-10 ribs
distal: deep medial border of scapula
innervation: long thoracic nerve |
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Term
Subclavius
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: 1st rib
distal: acromial end of clavicle
actions: depress and stabilize clavicle
innervation: subclavius nerve |
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Term
Deltoid
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula
distal: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
actions: humoral flexion, medial rotation, abduction, extension, lateral rotation
innervation: axillary nerve |
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Term
Subscapularis
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: subscapular fossa
distal: lesser tubercul of humerus
actions: medially rotates and adducts humerus
innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves |
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Term
Supraspinatus:
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: supraspinatus fossa
distal: superior impression of the greater tubercle of the humerus
actions: initiates humoral abduction
innervation: suprascapular nerve |
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Term
Teres major
-attachments
-action
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: inferior angle of scapula
distal: medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus of the humerus
actions: humoral adduction and medial rotation
innervation: lower subscapular nerve |
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Term
Infraspinatus
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: infraspinatus fossa
distal: middle impression of the greater tubercle of the humerus
innervation: suprascapular nerve |
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Term
Teres minor:
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
proximal: lateral border of scapula
distal: inferior impression of greater tubercle of humerus
innervation: axillary nerve |
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Term
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Definition
drains lymph from all other axillary nodes and dumps into the subclavian lymphatic trunks
located near rib2, along axillary vein vein |
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Term
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Definition
aka humeral nodes.
drains all lymph from upper limb except lymph carried along cephalic vein. drains supratrochlear nodes.
lymph from lateral nodes drains into central and apical nodes
located in axilla along axillary vein |
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Term
Lymphatics-
Anterior nodes |
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Definition
aka pectoral nodes
drain pectoral muscles and breast
lymph from anterior nodes drains into central and apical nodes
located on inferior border of pectoralis minor |
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Term
Lymphatics-
Posterior nodes |
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Definition
aka subscapular nodes
drains posterior shoulder
lymph from posterior nodes drains into the lateral and central nodes
located in deep axilla |
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Term
Lymphatics-
Infraclavicular nodes |
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Definition
drain lymph from lateral arm and shoulder following cephalic vein
located near coracoid process along superior aspect of cephalic vein |
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Term
Lymphatics-
Supratrochlear nodes |
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Definition
aka cubital nodes
drain lymph from medial aspect of hand and forearm following basilic vein
located in cubital fossa along basilic vein |
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Term
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Definition
Part of brachial plexus, branch of spinal nerve C5
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, and motor innervation of levator scapulae and rhomboids |
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Term
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Definition
Part of Brachial plexus. Branches off spinal nerves C5-C7
Sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of serratus anterior |
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Term
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Definition
Branch of the Upper trunk (C5-6) of the Brachial Plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, and motor innervation to supraspinatus, infraspinatus |
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Term
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Definition
Branch of upper trunk (C5-C6)of brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, and motor innervation of subclavius |
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Term
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Definition
Branch of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of pectoralis major and minor |
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Term
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Definition
Branch of the medial cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of pectoralis major and minor |
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Term
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Definition
branch of medial cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic innervation of the skin on medial side of arm and forearm |
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Term
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Definition
branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of the subscapularis |
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Term
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Definition
a branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of latissimus dorsi |
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Term
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Definition
branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of subscapularis and teres major |
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Term
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Definition
branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus
sensory, postganglionic sympathetic, motor innervation of deltoid and teres minor |
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Term
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Definition
A= Deltoid tuberosity
B= Coronoid fossa: accomodates coronoid process of ulna
C= Olecranon Fossa: accomodates olecranon process of ulna
D= Lateral epicondyle: attaches common extensor tendon
-Lateral supracondylar ridge: attaches extensor carpi radialis longus and brachioradialis
E= Medial epicondyle: attaches common flexor tendon and pronator teres
-Medial supracondylar ridge
F= Trochlea: articulates with trochlear notch of ulnda
G= Capitulum: articulates with radius |
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Term
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Definition
A= Head: articulates with capitulum of humerus
B= Radial Tuberosity: attaches biceps muscle
C= Interosseous border: Attaches interosseous membrane
D= Carpal Articula Surface
E= Styloid process
(Not shown= Dorsal tubercle) |
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Term
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Definition
A= Olecranon process: attaches triceps muscle
B= Trochlear notch: articulates with trochlea
C= Radial notch: articulates with the head of radius
D= Coronoid process: attaches brachialis muscle
E= Unlar tuberosity: attaches brachialis muscle
F= Interosseous border: attaches interosseous membrane
G= Styloid process |
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Term
Aconeous
-attachments
-action
-innervation |
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Definition
lateral epicondyle humerus to olecranon
action: forearm extension
innervation: radial nerve |
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Term
Biceps Brachii
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
attaches: coracoid process- short, supraglenouid tubercle of scapula- long to radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
action: flexion of arm and forearm, supination
innervation: musculocutaneous nerve |
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Term
Brachialis
-attachments
-actions
-innervation |
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Definition
shaft of humerus to coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
action: forearm flexion
innervation: musculocutaneous and radial |
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Term
Coracobrachialis
-atttachments
-action
-innervation |
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Definition
coracoid process to shaft of humerus
action: flexion and adduction arm
innervation: musculocutaneous |
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Term
Triceps
-attachments
-action
-innervation |
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Definition
long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: proximal posterolateral shaft of humerus
medial head: distal posteromedial shaft of humerus
to olecranon process
action: extension arm and forearm
innervation: radial nerve |
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Term
Anterior Compartment Arm
-Muscles
-artery
-nerve |
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Definition
Flexors of shoulder and elbow
Biceps Brachii, Coracobrachialis, Brachialis (also radial innervation)
Common Artery: Brachial Artery
Common Nerve: Musculocutaneous |
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Term
Posterior Compartment Arm
-muscles
-artery
-nerve |
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Definition
Extensors of shoulder and elbow
Triceps, Aconeus
Common Artery: Profunda brachii artery
Common Nerve: Radial Nerve |
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Term
Anterior Compartment Forearm
-muscles
-artery
-nerve |
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Definition
Flexors and Pronators of forearm
Flexor Carpi Radialis, Flexor Carpi ulnaris, Flexor digitorum superficialis, Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus, Palmaris longus, Pronator quadratus, Pronator teres
Common Artery: Ulnar artery, anterior interosseous
Common Nerve: Median nerve (some ulnar nerve) |
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Term
Posterior Compartment Forearm
-muscles
-arteries
-nerve |
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Definition
Extensors and Supinators of Forearm
Abductor pollicis longus, Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor carpi radialis longus, Extensor carpi ulnaris, Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor indicis, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor pollicis longus, Supinator
Common Artery: Radial Artery, Ulnar Artery, Posterior interosseous
Common Nerve: Radial |
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Term
| What muscles make up the superficial layer of the anterior compartment of forearm? |
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Definition
| Pronator Teres, Flexor carpi radialis, Palmaris longus, Flexor carpi ulnaris |
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Term
| What muscles make up the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm? |
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Definition
| Flexor digitorum superficialis |
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Term
| What muscles make up the deep layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm? |
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Definition
| Flexor digitorum profundus, Flexor pollicis longus, Pronator quadratus |
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Term
| What muscles make up the superficial layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm? |
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Definition
| Brachioradialis, Extensor carpi radialis brevis, Extensor digitorum, Extensor digiti minimi, Extensor carpi ulnaris, aconeus |
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Term
| What muscles make up the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm? |
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Definition
| Supinator, Abductor pollicis longus, Extensor pollicis brevis, Extensor pollicis longus, Extensor indicis |
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Term
| What muscles attach at the common extensor origin? (4) |
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Definition
common extensor origin= lateral epicondyle of humerus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digitorum
Extensor digiti minimi |
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Term
| What muscles attach at the common flexor origin? (4) |
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Definition
Common flexor origin= medial epicondyle humerus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Palmaris longus |
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Term
| What muscles adduct the arm? |
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Definition
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Subscapularis
Teres major
Coracobrachialis |
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Term
| What muscles abduct the arm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscles flex the arm? |
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Definition
Pectoralis major
Deltoid
Biceps Brachii
Coracobrachialis |
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Term
| What muscles extend the arm? |
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Definition
Latissimus dorsi
Deltoid
Triceps Brachii |
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Term
| What muscles laterally rotate the arm? |
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Definition
Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres minor |
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Term
| What muscles medially rotate the arm? |
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Definition
Latissimus dorsi
Pectoralis major
Subscapularis
Deltoid
Teres major |
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Term
| What muscles protract the scapula? |
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Definition
Pectoralis minor
Serratus anterior |
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Term
| What muscles retract the scapula? |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscles elevate the scapula? |
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Definition
Levator scapulae
Trapezius |
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Term
| What muscles depress the scapula? |
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Definition
Pectoralis minor
Trapezius |
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Term
| What muscles downwardly rotate the scapula? |
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Definition
Levator scapulae
Rhomboids |
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Term
| What muscles upwardly rotate the scapula? |
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Definition
Serratus anterior
Trapezius |
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Term
| What muscles extend the forearm? |
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Definition
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Term
| What muscles flex the forearm? |
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Definition
Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Pronator teres |
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