Term
| In the vertebral groove between the anterior and posterior lamellae of the thoracolumbar fascia. |
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Definition
| In general, where are the deep muscles of the back located? |
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Term
They support, extend, and bend the axial skeleton;
They are also important for maintaining posture and keeping the head and neck balanced. |
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Definition
| In general, what do the deep muscles of the back do? |
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Term
| Dorsal primary rami of the spinal nerves innervate the deep muscles of the back. |
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Definition
| In general, what innervates the deep muscles of the back? |
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Term
The erector spinae group
The splenius group
The transversospinalis group
The interspinal-intertransverse group |
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Definition
| What are the four major groups of the deep muscles of the back? |
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Term
1. Iliocostalis (lateral column)
2. Longissimus (intermediate column)
3. Spinalis (medial column) |
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Definition
| What are the three deep back muscles of the erector spinae group? |
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Term
| They stretch from the sacrum to the skull and are arranged in three columns. |
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Definition
| Where do the erector spinae group muscles lie and how are they arranged? |
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Term
1. Splenius capitis
2. Splenius cervicis |
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Definition
| What are the two deep back muscles in the splenius group? |
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Term
They lie in the posterior neck and upper thorax;
Its fibers are directed superiorly and laterally
(At an angle) |
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Definition
| Where do the splenius group muscles lie and how are they arranged? |
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Term
1. Semispinalis
2. Multifidus
3. Rotators |
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Definition
| What are the three deep back muscles of the transversospinalis group? |
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Term
They pass from transverse processes to spinous processes of higher vertebra.
They are deep to the erector spinae and splenius group muscles.
Fibers are arranged superiorly and medially. |
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Definition
| Where do the transversospinalis group muscles lie and how are they arranged? |
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Term
| They pass between spinous or transverse processes of adjacent vertebrae. |
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Definition
| Where do the interspinal-intertransverse group muscles lie? |
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Term
| They ascend bilaterally through transverse foramina in C3 through C6. |
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Definition
| Where do the vertebral arteries ascend in the neck? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the name of the first cervical vertebra? |
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Term
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Definition
| What is the name of the second cervical vertebra? |
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Term
| The atlas (the first cervical vertebra) |
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Definition
| Which vertebra does not have a body or a spine? |
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Term
| The odontoid process (dens) of C2 |
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Definition
| On the atlas (the first cervical vertebra), the articular facet on the internal surface of the anterior arch articulates with what that allows for a large amount of rotation between C1 and C2? |
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Term
| They ascend in the neck bilaterally through the transverse foramina. |
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Definition
| Where do the vertebral arteries lie? |
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Term
| The triangular area between the occipital bone and the posterior aspects of C1 and C2. |
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Definition
| What is the suboccipital region? |
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Term
| Deep to the trapezius and the semispinalis capitis muscles |
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Definition
| The suboccipital triangle is deep to what two major muscles? |
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Term
| Two rectus capitis posterior and two oblique muscles |
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Definition
| What are the four small muscles in the suboccipital region? |
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Term
The dorsal primary ramus of C1
(the suboccipital nerve) |
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Definition
| What innervates the muscles of the suboccipital region? |
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Term
The greater occipital nerve
(dorsal primary ramus of C2) |
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Definition
| What nerve is superficial to the suboccipital region but deep to the semispinalis capitis muscle? |
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Term
| Provides cutaneous sensation to the back of the head |
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Definition
| What does the greater occipital nerve do? |
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Term
| The atlantooccipital and the atlantoaxial joints |
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Definition
| What are the two craniovertebral suboccipital joints? |
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Term
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Definition
| What kind of joints are the atlantooccipital joints? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where is the atlantooccipital joint? |
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Term
| Synovial joints (no intervertebral disks) |
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Definition
| What kind of joints are the suboccipital joints? |
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Term
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Definition
| Where is the atlantoaxial joint? |
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Term
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Definition
| What kind of joint is the articulation of the dens with C1? |
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Term
| Anterior and posterior atlantooccipital membranes |
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Definition
| What two structures connect the skull and C1? |
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Term
Vertically oriented;
Superior and inferior bands pass from the transverse ligament to the occipital bone superiorly and to the body of C2 inferiorly |
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Definition
| How is the cruciform ligament oriented and where does it lie? |
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Term
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Definition
| What connects the tubercles on the lateral masses of the C1 vertebra and holds the dens of C2 against the anterior arch of C1? |
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Term
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Definition
| What ligament extends from the sides of the dens to the lateral margins of the foramen magnum? |
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Term
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Definition
| What superior continuation of the posterior longitudinal ligament runs from the body of C2 to the internal surface of the occipital bone and covers the alar and transverse ligaments? |
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Term
Three:
Two lateral joints and one medial joint |
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Definition
| How many joints are included in the atlantoaxial joint group? |
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Term
| The head can be turned from side to side (rotation) |
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Definition
| The atlantoaxial joint allows what action to occur? |
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