Term
| Be able to label: Dorsal horn, ventral horn, dorsal root, ventral root, central canal, dorsal root ganglion |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Bell-Magendie Law? |
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Definition
The entering dorsal roots carry sensory information into the brain & exiting ventral roots carry motor information to the muscles and glands
Dorsal=sensory
Ventral=motor |
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Term
| How does the Bell-magendie law incorporate the dorsal and ventral horns and roots? |
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Definition
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Term
| The spinal nerve has a sensory and a motor component |
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Definition
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Term
| Know what the sensory and motor axons look like |
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Definition
Sensory=soma in middle, 2 axons (single process)
Motor=soma on end, 1 axon |
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Term
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Definition
Segment of skin/muscle/bone associated with a spinal nerve
Each nerve innervates (defines) a dermatome
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Term
| What disease is associated with dermatomes? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a reflex? (generally speaking) |
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Definition
| Involuntary, stereotyped response to a sensory input, modifiable |
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Term
| Describe the stretch reflex |
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Definition
- Mono-synaptic
- Muscle contraction in response to stretch
- Reciprocal inhibition
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Term
| How is the stretch reflex different from the flexor reflex? |
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Definition
| The flexor reflex uses an interneuron in the spinal cord, so it is polysynaptic |
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Term
| How are reflexes modifiable? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does the spinal cord look the same in all critters? |
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Definition
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Term
| Is the spinal cord surrounded by meninges? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the "3 long tracts"? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does the spinal cord look the same at every level? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structures compromise the PNS? |
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Definition
| Spinal nerves and cranial nerves |
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Term
| What structures compromise the CNS? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is the PNS subdivided? |
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Definition
1. Somatic nervous system
2. Autonomic nervous system
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Term
| What are the distinct roles of the somatic system? |
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Definition
Nerves going from sense organs to CNS & from CNS to muscles & glands
(motor and sensory) |
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Term
| What are the distinct roles of the enteric system? |
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Definition
| Controls gastrointestinal system |
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Term
| What are the distinct roles of the sympathetic system? |
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Definition
For vigarous activity (Fight or flight)
Sympathetic ganglia are closely linked and act "in sympathy" with each other |
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Term
| What are the distinct roles of the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
Vagatative, nonemergency response
Para-"beside", or "related to"
opposite action of sympathetic nervous system
AKA: Craniosacral- because consists of cranial nerves and nerves of sacral spinal cord |
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Term
| When is the sympathetic nervous system activated? |
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Definition
Emergency response situations
(fight or flight) |
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Term
| When is the parasympathetic nervous system activated? |
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Definition
| Non-emergency response situations |
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Term
| Where is the placement of the ganglia and preganglionic neurons in the sympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Where is the placement of the ganglia and preganglionis neurons in the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the length of the fibers in the sympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the length of the fibers in the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What neurotransmitters are used in the sympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What neurotransmitters are used in the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the physiological effects of the sympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
- Dialites pupil
- Inhibits salvation
- Relaxes airways
- Accelerates heartbeat
- Stimulate secretion of sweat glands
- Inhibits digestion
- Constricts blood vessles in skin
- Stimulates secretion of epinepherine and norepinepherine
- Relaxes bladder
- Stimulates ejaculation
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Term
| What are the physiological effects of the parasympathetic nervous system? |
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Definition
- Stimulates salvation
- Constricts airways
- Slows heartbeat
- Stimulates glucose production and release
- Stimulates digestion
- Stimulates gallbladder to release bile
- Dialites blood vessles in intestines
- Dialites blood vessles in skin
- Contracts bladder
- Stimulates penile erection and clitoral engorgement
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