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son of Peleus and Thetis; hero of the Iliad but actually absent from fighting for most of the story; returns after friend Patrocles is killed in his armor; kills Hector to break Troy |
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king of Thebes; brother of Eriphyle; father of Deipyle and Argeia who marry Tydeus and Polyneices; helps Poly against Thebes |
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one of Thesus’s possible fathers; the mortal one |
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Clytemnestra’s lover; killed by Orestes |
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son of Aphrodite and Anchises, only male survivor of Troy, descendants found Rome |
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(525-456); born in Eleusis (suburb of Athens); fought at battle of Marathon (490); central event of life was Persia’s attempt to annex Greece; |
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king of Argos; married to Clytemnestra; goes to Troy to help brother Menelaus get Helen back; sacrifices daughter Iphigeneia; son of cursed house of Atreus; murdered by wife Clytemnestra; avenged by son Orestes |
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a doer not a speaker; great Greek warrior – commits suicide when Thetis gives Achilles’s armor to Odyssseus |
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son of Amphiaraos and Eriphyle; charged by Amph to kill Eriphyle after he dies |
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mother of Meleager; has firebrand that means he will live as long as it burns – she pulls it out so he dies b/c he killed her brother |
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son of Antiope and Zeus; raised in ignorance, founds Thebes w/twin Zethus – sang the walls into place |
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prophet who forsees disaster in Seven Against Thebes; husband of Eriphyle and father of Alcmaeon |
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mortal father of Aeneas w/Aphrodite; Zeus makes Aphro fall in love w/him for taste of her own medicine, is demeaning to her; in Hymn to Aphrodite |
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daughter of Oedipus and Jocasta; insists on burying Polyneices even though she will be killed |
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mother of Odysseus; died of missing him; they meet in Hades but cannot embrace |
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daughter of Nycetus; impregnated by Zeus – father angry; he dies – charges his brother Lycus to punish her; she gives birth on Mt. Cithaeron to Amphion and Zethus; together they get revenge on Lykos and Dirce and build Troy |
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ancient council of Athens; powers reduced through induction of democracy, remained as a court that heard murder trials |
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daughter of Minos who helps Theseus kill the Minotaur; gives him ball of string to unwind behind him; leaves Crete w/him but is abandoned on an island |
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husband of Autonoe; chases Eurydice so she steps on snake and dies; must appease her shade to get his bees back |
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son of Pelops; brother of Thyestes; exiles him for seducing his wife – calls back for reconciliation and serves him a stew of his illegitimate children |
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gathering place of Greek troops to go to Troy; Iphaganaia sacrificed here to restart the winds |
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founder of Thebes; marries Harmonia and has children that descend down to Oedipus; ends up as a snake |
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Greek prophet who interprets the eagle killing the pregnant bunny omen that the Greeks will be successful over Trojans; tells Ag he must sacrifice Iph to placate Apollo and restart the winds |
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arrogant, boastful, said he would burn the city; instead incinerated by a thunderbolt from Zeus |
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Trojan priestess; taken by Agamemnon as booty from the war as concubine/slave – killed by Clyt; had gifts of prophecy and that no one would believe here – from Apollo |
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Roman love poet; wrote little epic about marriage of Peleus and Thetis; Thetis rose up to see Argonaut Peleus and he fell in love |
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first king of Athens; judges competition btw Poseiden and Athena |
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brother of Atreus and Thyestes; they kill him |
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(507) leader of the faction that promises the demos democracy and a judicial system if they support him to take over after Hippias is ousted |
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wife of Agamemnon; kills him in the Agamemnon because he sacrificed their daughter Iphaginia so winds would blow to Troy; killed by their Orestes as vengence |
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longest and most important cyclic epic which contained info from right before the Trojan War, begins with judgment of Paris; Proclus (5th century) wrote Chrestomathia which summarizes all cyclic epics |
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constructed the hollow cow body for Pasiphae to get into to unite with the bull; built the labyrinth to house it |
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founder of the line and Dardania (city that preceeds Troy), son of Zeus
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justice; central theme of Orestia |
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stand in for Achilles when isn’t fighting – but has boundaries; son of Tydeus
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evil wife of Lycus; aunt of Antiope; killed for tormenting her |
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daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, stays loyal to Ag and supports Orestes killing Clyt |
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sons of the heroes at Thebes; go back 10 years later to avenge their fathers; are successful and sack Thebes |
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wife of Amphiaraos; forces him to go w/Polyneices against Thebes; mother of Alcmaeon |
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“true glory”; son of Oedipus and Jocasta; ruler of Thebes |
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daughter of Agenor and Telephassa; brother of Cadmus; unites with Zeus and has sons Minos, Sarpedon, and Rhadamanthys |
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wife of Orpheus; wanted by Aristaeus (husband of Autonoe, daughter of Cadmus); steps on a snake and dies; Aristaeus must appease her shade to get his bees back |
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very handsome Trojan young man, stolen by the gods to be a cupbearer; can have erotic dimension of Zeus wanting him |
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– wife of Cadmus; mother of Autonoe, Ino, Semele, and Agave; ends up as a snake |
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“holder” or “protector”, leader of the Trojans, killed by Achilles |
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most beautiful woman in the world; married to Menelaus; Paris steals her to start the Trojan War
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daughter of Laomedon; supposed to be sacrificed to the sea monster Poseiden sent against the city; Heracles rescues her |
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– daughter of Oenomeus; marries Pelops; mother of Atreus and Thyestes |
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– son of Theseus and an Amazon; devoted to Artemis but won’t worship Aphrodite; she decides to destroy him – makes stepmother Phaedra fall in love with him – she commits suicide leaving note that he raped her – Theseus asks Poseiden to kill Hipp and he does |
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only Lemnian woman to spare a man, all the rest killed for having concubines |
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most important Greek from Crete, son of Deucalion, grandson of Minos, central fighter in Book 13 of Iliad
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daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; sacrificed at Aulis so the winds would blow to Troy |
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wife of Laios; mother and husband of Oedipus; mother of Polyneices, Eteocles, Antigone, Ismene |
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– son of Polydorus; father of Laios |
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son of Labdacus, may be ousted from the throne by Lycus and resumes it after Amphion and Zethus kill him and eventually die themselves; eventually marries Jocasta and is father of Oedipus |
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king of Troy; doesn’t pay Apollo and Poseiden for their labors – gets a plague and sea monster against Troy; also doesn’t pay Heracles for saving Hesione – gets city sacked
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brother of Nyceus; uncle of Antiope; kidnaps her and makes her abandon Amphion and Zethus |
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cousin of Hector; child of Eos (Dawn) and Tithonus (mortal); from Ethiopia but fights on Trojan side – killed; Book 2 of Quintus can |
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adopted mother of Oedipus, queen of Corinth |
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brother of Agamemnon; husband of Helen; wimps out protecting Orestes |
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son of Europa and Zeus; marries Pasiphae; doesn’t sacrifice the bull like he vowed to so Pasiphae unites with it |
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offspring of Pasiphae and the bull; mixed body; ate people |
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son of Achilles; one who was supposed to convince Philoctetes to come back but can’t do it
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grandson of Poseiden, son of Neleus; embodiment of common sense; he can’t solve the quarrel btw Achilles and Agamemnon – no one |
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married to Penelope; father of Telemachus; creates oath of the suitors – has to go to Troy; known for being cunning, intelligent, wily, sometimes manipulative; 10 years to get home – adventures in the Odyssey |
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father of Hippodomaia; sets up chariot race for her hand in marriage |
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son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; avenges Ag’s murder by Clyt by murdering her; central character in the Orestia |
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the one who proves Odysseus is not insane – has to go to Troy; Odysseus gets revenge by planting gold and fake letters saying he betrayed Greece; stoned to death |
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born Alexander (see birth narrative below) as son of Priam; his judgment; was the one who violated the xenia by stealing Helen from Menelaus causing the Trojan War |
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“all shining”; daughter of the sun; marries Minos; unites with a bull to give birth to the Minotaur
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“glory from the father” – son of Menoitios; cousin and best friend of Achilles; borrows Achilles armor and when is killed this motivates Achilles to return to the fighting |
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(560s-527); strongest of the Tyrranoi |
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mortal man who laid with Aphrodite, father of Anchises |
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son of Tantalus; chariot raced against Oenomeus to marry Hippodomaia – wins by cheating; has sons Atreus and Thyestes |
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Amazon woman; killed her sister – exiled – fighting at Troy to atone; killed by Achilles – he falls in love when he sees her beauty but she’s already dead |
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son of Agave and Echion; king of Thebes who resists the coming of Dionysus; he turns women into Bacchants and they tear Pentheus to pieces, led by his mother |
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role reversal; ultimate in OT, also reverse in OC |
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second wife of Theseus; Aphrodite makes her fall in love with his son Hippolytus; she commits suicide leaving note that he raped her (not true)
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lit Heracles’ funeral pyre – has his bow as thanks; abandoned on the way to Troy with smelly snake bite but is needed to take the city |
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tutor to Achilles who acts as father figure to encourage him to return to fighting; disproportionately many lines to importance; possibly made up by Homer |
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adopted father of Orestes; king of Corinth |
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“many quarrels”; son of Oedipus and Jocasta; attacks Thebes |
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“bought”; son of Laomedon who opposed him, survives the attack by Heracles, renamed from Podacres b/c Hesione buys his freedom; Heracles makes him king of Troy; father of Paris and Hector |
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summarized the Cypria cyclic epic in his Chrestomathia in the 5th century, provides tale of judgment of Paris |
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friend of Orestes; tells Orestes he must kill Clyt because it is better to be hated by men than gods |
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wrote epic poem called Posthomerica in 14 books (all survive) about action btw the end of the Iliad and the fall of Troy |
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cuts off her father’s magic lock of hair and gives to Minos – gives him the city – because she likes him and wants to marry him |
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daughter of Cadmus and Harmonia; unites with Zeus to have Dionysus; only mortal mother of a god |
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Roman author and philosopher; wrote essays about Roman morals and values; tutor to Nero; also wrote some tragedies – have Thyestes |
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in Underworld, eternally pushing a rock up a hill b/c interfered w/one of Zeus’s love affairs; can be considered Odysseus’s illegitimate father to make him more negative |
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Periphetes of Epidauros (club bearer); Sinis (tree bender); the sow of Crommyon; Sciron of Megara (kicks people off cliffs); Cercyon of Eleusis (wrestler); Procrusetes (fit the bed) |
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Cadmus kills a dragon at the future site of Thebes; sows the teeth in the ground; grow into warriors called the Spartoi; fight each other until only 5 remain to be first citizens of Thebes; are symbol of intimate connection between the Thebans and their land and their fierce warrior history |
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mythic monster – head of a woman, body of a lion, wings of a bird; originally abducted young boys, later evolved to riddle; kills herself after Oedipus solves it
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son of Zeus; tried to test gods by serving him his son Pelops/stole ambrosia; in Hades eternally hungry and thirsty, surrounded by food and water but cannot eat or drink |
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got Hesione from Heracles after first sacking of Troy; father of Ajax and Teucer |
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son of Odysseus w/Circe; accidentally kills his father; marries Penelope |
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story of Telegonus searching for Achilles, kills him, takes Penelope and Telemachus back to Circe’s island and they cross marry |
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archaic period epic, most important telling of Theban myth before tragedy evolved |
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founded by Cadmus; home of the Oedipus Rex material |
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nymph; mother of Achilles; tells him die in Troy with glory or live long boring life at home |
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son of Pelops; brother of Atrues; seduces Atreus’s wife; has children with her; exiled by Atreus – at reconciliation he eats a stew of his children; has son Aegisthus with his daughter for revenge on other side of the family |
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the greatness of the opponent and that enemies respect each other for that greatness; ex: Hector vs Ajax – duel then exchange armor |
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Eos (Dawn) falls in love with him, asks Zeus to make him immortal but forgets to request eternal youth so he ages continually |
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son of Oineus of Calydon; goes into exile for killing a man; goes to Argos and meets Polyneices; marries a daughter of Adrastos; fights in Seven Against Thebes – is mortally wounded by Melanippus but chews on his brain as he is dying; was going to get immortality from Athena but because of that he does not |
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series of strong men who took power over Athens and controlled the city in 6th century
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son of Antiope and Zeus; raised in ignorance; founds Thebes with twin brother Amphion |
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