Term
| Greek Rivalries and Warfare |
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Term
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Definition
Year: 477 -a new alliance was declare “Delian League”
-Formed in Delos -Alliance of 31 Greek City states to drive out Xerxes - Mostly Asian minor coast and island states
- Goal of league was vengeance against the Persians for their destruction and deprecation, terror
- Another Goal: protection against a Persian return
-The Persian empire was driven out of Greece but was NOT destroyed, still the most powerful largest empire in the world. |
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| Aristotle’s Athenian Constitution |
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Definition
-Alliance will last until “lumps of iron rise from the sea” - Athenians were to have leadership
-Decide where fights take place -Command battle -Command treasury - Most states made monetary contributions, most were tiny and poor
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Term
| Naxos tries to withdraw from League |
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Definition
Year: 469 -A decade after the Persian War, many questioned remaining in the League, tired of fighting year after year -Nexions wanted to withdraw - Athenians would not let anyone withdraw, so they sent the Delian League and crushed and besieged them and subjected them
-Athenians had the will and the means to refuse withdraw - Slowly becoming an empire
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Term
| Earthquake and Helot revolt at Sparta |
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Definition
Year: 464 -Earthquake shook and destroyed towns and businesses
-The Helots (Spartan slaves) took this dishevel to rebel and urged others around them who were subservient by the Spartans to join
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Year: 461
-Plutarch says of Cimon: - Wanted to help them when they were in trouble from the Earthquake
-He named one of his sons Lacadaemonus which means Spartans -Athenians put him on trial and was acquitted -Campaigned to Cyprus and sent ships to Egypt to fight the Persians to fight but was prophesized to die. And died of wounds or sickness. |
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Term
| “First” Peloponnesian War |
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Definition
Year: 460-445 -Preliminary encounter between Sparta and the Peloponnesian league and Athens
• Naval engagement
o Around Aigina Island
o Athens won and conquered Aigina
-Athens began to build its long walls
• Walled up the port of Piraeus, a major harbor
o Turned Athens into a naval fortress
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Term
| Athenian expedition to Egypt |
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Definition
Year:459-454 -Athens lead a massive campaign to Egypt to fight the Persians
-Egyptian campaign made great initial success
• Drove Persians out and left a huge force of 50 Trireme to help Egyptians gain independence from Persians. -After 5 years, the Persians reinvade Egypt with a HUGE force, and Athenians are trapped on an island for months
-Eventually the Persians get across and destroy the Athenian forces and Delian league, over 100 Triremes and 20,000 crew
• 454 BC
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Term
| Delian League treasury moved to Athens |
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Definition
Year: 454 -Too dangerous for Athenian treasury was at risk at Delos island, and moved it all to Athens. 454 - Now Delian league is known as Athenian Empire.
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Author: Plutarch -He studied with philosophers as he grew up -He looked like a 6th century tyrant of Athens -His head was weird shaped -Did not like a lot of day-to-day contact. Avoided people a lot - Thought too much contact would diminish his appearances
- Thought it gave him an air of respect
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