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Definition
- particles are close together
- particles vibrate slowly
- has a set volume
- rigid shape
- cannot flow |
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Definition
- particles are farther apart
- particles vibrate more quickly
- set volume
- takes the shape of a container
- can flow |
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Definition
- particles are furthest apart
- particles vibrate most quickly
- fills the container it's in
- takes the shape of the container
- can flow |
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| Particle theory of matter |
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Definition
| All matter is made up of tiny particles, and these particles are in constant motion. |
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Definition
| When heat is added to matter, the particles vibrate faster and spread further apart. |
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Definition
| The ability to make things move |
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| When energy is transferred from materials with a high temperature to materials with a low temperature. |
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| The measurement of how hot or cold something is. |
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Definition
| Key characteristics of a substance |
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Definition
- you can use magnetism to separate mixtures
- if you have a mixture of iron and sand, a magnet would pull out the iron. |
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Definition
| A method in which you use the property of size to separate mixtures. You can use a sieve or strainer to separate the particles if they are solid. Use filter paper to separate a solid from a liquid. |
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Definition
| The liquid portion of the solution is allowed to evaporate, leaving the solute behind. |
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| Uses the property of the boiling point to separate two components of a solution. Use only if boiling points are different. |
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Definition
| Anything that takes up space and has mass. |
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Definition
Contains only one type of particle. Example: gold
Can be an element or a compound. |
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Definition
| Substances that consist of combinations of two or more pure substance or different particles. Mixtures can be solids, liquids or gases. There are 3 types of mixtures : mechanical mixture, suspension, solution. |
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Definition
| The thing that dissolves into the solvent. Example : sugar |
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Definition
| The thing that the solute dissolves into. Example: water |
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Term
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Definition
A uniform mixture of two substances. It contains a solute dissolved in a solvent. Will not separate when left to stand. Example : kool-aid, coffee.
If you take multiple samples, they will all look the same.(homogeneous) |
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Definition
| A substance which has different particles suspended within it. This will separate when left to stand. Example: milk, ketchup |
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Definition
A physical mixture where individual items can be seen and physically separated. Example : Froot Loops, Lego.
Samples will all look different (heterogeneous) |
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Definition
| A substance made up of only one type of atom. Example: gold, oxygen. |
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Definition
| A substance made up of two or more different types of atoms. Example : sugar, carbon dioxide. |
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Definition
| Unprocessed materials of any kind. |
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Definition
| Un uneven mixture that contains two or more substances; samples may have different properties. |
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Definition
| A mixture that is the same throughout; all samples taken will have the same properties. |
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Definition
| When a solute mixes into a solvent creating a solution. |
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Definition
| The maximum amount of a particular solute that can be dissolved in a particular solvent at a given temperature. |
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Definition
| A solution that contains the maximum amount of solute that the solvent can dissolve at a given temperature. |
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Definition
| A solution that contains more of the solute than would be found in a saturated solution. |
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Definition
| A homogeneous mixture of two or more metals or metals and other substances in a solid solution. |
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| A material manufactured by heating minerals and rocks; examples are pottery, bricks, glass and bricks. |
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Definition
| A ceramic product made by mixing small amounts of limestone and potash with silica at high temperatures. |
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Definition
| A modern material manufactured in a multistep process, beginning with oil and gas. |
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Definition
| A solution that contains a high amount of solute. |
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Definition
| Water that contains no extra solutes in it. |
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Definition
| Water that contains very small amounts of dissolved minerals; easily forms a lather when mixed with soap. |
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Definition
| A soil component that consists of largest particles of rock. |
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Definition
| Rain, snow or hail that contains acids formed from sulphur and nitrogen-containing pollutants in the atmosphere. |
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Definition
| A measure of the amount of suspended solids in water.(how cloudy is the water?) |
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Definition
| A property of minerals; describes how resistant a mineral is to being scratched. |
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Definition
| Water that contains certain dissolved substances, such as magnesium, calcium or sulphur. |
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Definition
| A guage, ranging from 1 to 10, used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. |
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Term
| What is added to our water? |
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Definition
Chlorine - to destroy bacteria
Fluoride - to protect our teeth |
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Term
| What affects the rate at which a substance dissolves? |
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Definition
1. temperature
2. how much solute is already dissolved
3. vibrations of the container |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name the solute and the solvent in pop |
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Definition
solute = carbon dioxide gas
solvent = water |
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Term
| Name an example of a gas solution. |
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Definition
Air - made up of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide.
Neon Lights - neon gas plus other gases. |
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Term
| Name an example of an alloy. |
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Definition
Steel - iron and carbon
Brass - zinc and copper |
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