Term
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Definition
| A system of government in which citizens exercise supreme power, acting either directly on their own or through elected representatives. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of government in which a single ruler exercises supreme power based on hereditary or divine right. In a monarchy, the right to rule passes from one generation to the next. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of government in which a single person or group exercises supreme power by controlling the military and police. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic system that relies mainly on markets to determine what goods and services to produce and how to produce them. |
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Traditional economy
(2.1)
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Definition
| An economic system in which decisions about what to produce and how are made on the basis of customs, beliefs, and tradition |
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Term
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Definition
| A sovereign state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory. |
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Term
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Definition
| A democratic form of government in which citizens make public decisions directly, either in a popular assembly or through the popular vote. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nation in which supreme power rests with the citizens and is exercised by their elected representatives. |
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Term
Representative democracy
(2.2) |
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Definition
| A democratic form of government in which elected representatives make public decisions on behalf of the citizens. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic and political system of the European Middle Ages in which landowners granted land to tenants in return for military assistance and other services. |
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Term
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Definition
| A legislative assembly in which elected representatives debate and vote on proposed laws. The name comes from the French term parler, meaning, "to talk". |
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Term
Absolute monarchies
(2.2) |
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Definition
| A government led by a hereditary ruler who claims unlimited powers. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tyrant or ruler with absolute powers. |
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Term
Constitutional monarchy
(2.2) |
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Definition
| A system of government in which the powers of the monarch are limited by the constitution, either written or unwritten. |
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Constitutional democracy
(2.2) |
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Definition
| A democratic government based on a written constitution. |
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Term
Authoritarian regime
(2.2) |
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Definition
| A system of government in which the state exercises broad control over the lives of its citizens. |
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Term
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Definition
| An extreme form of authoritarian rule in which the state seeks to control every aspect of its citizens' lives. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system of government in which a single political party controls both the government and the economy; also, the theories developed by Karl Marx regarding the development of an ideal, classless society. |
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Term
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Definition
| A totalitarian system in which businesses remain in private hands but under government control. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of totalitarianism and fascism, based in part on the myth of racial superiority; developed in Germany before World War II. |
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Term
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Definition
| The sudden overthrow of a government by a small group of military officers or political leaders; from a French term meaning "blow to the state". |
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Term
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Definition
| A government headed by religious leaders. |
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Term
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Definition
| A nation-state in which only one political party is allowed to rule under the constitution. |
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Term
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Definition
| A small group of people within a larger group who have more power, wealth, or talent than the others. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of direct democracy in which citizens vote to approve or reject laws passed by a legislature. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of direct democracy in which citizens propose laws and submit them directly to the voters for approval. |
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Term
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Definition
| An electoral process through which citizens can vote an elected official out of office. |
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Term
Parliamentary democracy
(2.3) |
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Definition
| A political system in which voters elect lawmakers to represent them in the nation's parliament; the elected lawmakers choose a prime minister to head the executive branch. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chief executive in a parliamentary system. |
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Term
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Definition
| An executive branch department, often in a parliamentary system. |
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Term
Vote of no confidence
(2.3) |
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Definition
| A majority vote in parliament showing disapproval of a prime minister's performance; such a vote prompts new elections and a change of leadership. |
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Term
Presidential democracies
(2.3) |
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Definition
| A political system in which voters choose a president to lead the government as head of the executive branch. |
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Term
Unitary system of government
(2.4) |
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Definition
| A political system in which the constitution concentrates power of the in the national, or central government. |
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Term
Federal System of government
(2.4) |
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Definition
| A type of government in which the power is shared between the national government and smaller regional governments within the nation. |
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Term
Confederal system of government
(2.4) |
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Definition
| A political system in which independent states form a nation but retain their power under a weak central government. |
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Term
Supernational Organizations
(2.4) |
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Definition
| A world or regional organization that is not tied to any one country. |
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Term
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Definition
| A way of organizing the production and consumption or goods and services. |
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Term
Factors of production
(2.5) |
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Definition
| The basic resources required to produce goods and services land, labor, and capitol. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any place or situation in which people buy or sell goods and services. |
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Term
Free enterprise system
(2.5) |
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Definition
| An economic system that relies on the profit motive, economic competition, and the forces of supply and demand to direct the production and distribution of goods and services; also known as capitalism. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic system in which individual investors, or capitalists, privately own the means of production ; also known as free enterprise system. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic system that relies on the central government to determine what goods and services to produce and how to produce them. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic system that calls for public ownership of the means of production. |
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Term
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Definition
| An economic system that combines market forces with elements of a command economy. |
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