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| a public institution with authority to allocate values by formulating, adopting, and implementing public policies |
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| government action designed to meet a public need or goal as determined by a legislative body or other authorized officials |
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| attitudes, habits, and general behavior patterns that develop over time and affect the political life of a state of region |
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| "jim crow" laws were ethnically discriminatory laws that segregated African Americans and denied them access to public services for many decades after the civil war |
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| more than 267,000 square miles of territory, 2nd only 2 Alaska in area |
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| most populus county's-harris, dallas, bexar, and tarrant. combo pop of more than 9 million |
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| North American Free Trade Agreement. - agreement among the US and Mexico, and canada designed to expand trade among the three countries by reducing and then eliminating tariffs over a 15-year period |
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| the powers not delegated by the constitution , nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the states, respectively , or to the people. these reserved powers include police power, taxing power, proprietary power, and power of eminent domain. |
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| U.S. constitution and acts of Congress, as well as U.S. treaties, must prevail over state constitutions and laws enacted by state legislatures |
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| gives national government the power "to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or any department or officer thereof. |
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| expand the authority of the national government |
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| undefined and often very difficult to specify, especially when the taxing powers are concurrent with those of the national government |
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| individuals or groups may gather signatures required for submitting a proposed constitutional amendment or a proposed statute to a popular vote |
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| gather signatures needed to challenge at the polls, and potentially to overturn, a law enacted by their state legislature. |
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