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Government terms
Chapter 1+2
38
Political Studies
12th Grade
02/24/2011

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Term
Democracy
Definition
supreme political authority rests with the people
Term
a direct democracy
Definition
exists where the will of the people is translated into law directly by the people themselves.
Term
A indirect democracy
Definition
a small group of person, chosen by the people to act as their representation
Term
republic
Definition
A political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who elect people to represent them.
Term
presidential government
Definition
voter elect the legistature and the executive branch
Term
the parliamentary government
Definition
voter elect the legislature and chief executive
Term
democracy
Definition
means of selecting policy makers and organizing government.
Term
public policies
Definition
taxation, defense, education, crime, healthcare
Term
legislative power
Definition
make law
Term
executive power
Definition
enforce and administer law
Term
judicial power
Definition
interpret laws to determine their meaning and to settle disputes that arise withen society
Term
constitution
Definition
the body of fundamental laws setting out the principles, structures, and processes of a government.
Term
state
Definition
a body of people, living in a defined territory
Term
autocracy
Definition
government in which a single person hold unlimited politcal power
Term
oligarchy
Definition
a government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usualy self-appointed elite.
Term
unitary government
Definition
often described as a centralized government
Term
federal government
Definition
one in which the powers of government are divided between a central government and serveral local government.
Term
division of powers
Definition
division cannot be changed by either the local or national level acting alone
Term
confederation
Definition
an alliance of independent states
Term
presidential government
Definition
the executive and legislative branches of the goverment are separate, independent of one another, and coequal
Term
Major tenets of democracy
Definition

-worth of the individual

-equality of all person

-majority rule with minority rights

-necessity of compromise

-individual freedom

Term
limited government
Definition
concept that it was deeply rooted in English belief and practice by the time
Term
representative government
Definition
idea that government should serve the will of the people had also been developing in Eng for centuries
Term
magna carta
Definition
the great charter
Term
petition of right
Definition
more money in taxes
Term
English bill of Rights
Definition
prohibited a standing army in peace time, except with the consent of Parliament, and required that all parliamentary election be free
Term
charter
Definition
a written grant of authority from the King
Term
bicameral
Definition
two houses
Term
proprietary
Definition
organized by a proprietor, a person to whom the king had made a grant of land
Term
Concept of government
Definition
ordered government, limited gov't, representatives gov't
Term
confederation
Definition
a joining of several group for a common purpose
Term
Albany Plan of Union
Definition
plan proposed by Benjamin Franklin in 1754 that aimed to unite 13 colonies for trade, military
Term
constitutionalism
Definition
government must be conducted accoring to constitutional principles
Term
formal amendment
Definition
changes or additions that become part of the written language of the Constitution itself
Term
Bill of Rights
Definition
protection of individual rights
Term
amendments
Definition
formal changes to the Constitution
Term
Government
Definition
the institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies
Term
dictatorship
Definition
ultimate responsibility for the exercise of these powers may be held by a single person or by a small group
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