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Government Chp 1,2,4
Vocabulary for test
38
Other
12th Grade
02/20/2009

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Term
Sovereign
Definition
Having supreme pwer within own territory
Term
Government
Definition
Institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.
Term
Public Policy
Definition
A goal Government pursues in all areass of Human affairs
Term
Legislative power
Definition
Power to make laws and frame public policies.
Term
Executive Power
Definition
Power to execute, inforce and administer law
Term
Judicial Power
Definition
Power to interpret laws, to determine their meaning and settle disputes within a society
Term
Democracy
Definition
Form of government in which supreme authority rest within the people
Term
State
Definition
Body of people living in a defined territoty who have a government with power to make laws
Term
Unitary Government
Definition
centralized government in which all government powers belong to a single, central agency
Term
Federal Government
Definition
Form of government in which powers are divided between a central government and several local gov'ts
Term
Confederation
Definition
a joining of several groups for a common purpose
Term
Presidential Government
Definition
Form of Government which the executive and legislative branches of govt are seperate, independent and coequal
Term
Parliamentary government
Definition
Form of govt in which the executive branch is made up of prime ministers (premier) and the officials cabinet
Term
Representative government
Definition
System of gov't in which public policies are made by officials selected by the voters
Term
Oligarchy
Definition
A form of government in which the power to rule is held by a small, usually self-appointed elite
Term
Autocracy
Definition
A form of govt in which a single person holds unlimited power
Term
Magna Carta
Definition
Charters forced upon King John of England in 1215. Established that power of Monarchy was not absolute
Term
Petition of right
Definition
Document prepared by parliament. challenged the idea of the divine right of kings
Term
English Bill of Rights
Definition
Signed by William and Mary in England 1689. Designed to prevent abuse of power by english monarchs
Term
Limited government
Definition
British idea that government is not all that powerful, it is restricted
Term
Virginia plan
Definition
plan presented from delegates in virgina at the continental congress. It called for a 3 branch gov't with a bicameral legislature
Term
New Jersey Plan
Definition
@ continental congress. Called for unicameral legislature in which each state would be equally represented
Term
Conncticut plan
Definition
@ Continental congress. Agreement that congress is composed of a senate, which represents states equally, and a House, where representation is based on states population
Term
Three-Fifths Compromise
Definition
Agreement that slaves count as 3/5's a person when determining state population
Term
Federalist
Definition
People who supported the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788
Term
Anti-Federalist
Definition
People who opposed ratification of the constitution
Term
Unicameral
Definition
An Adj. describing a legislative body with 1 chamber
Term
Bicameral
Definition
An Adj. describing legislative body with 2 chambers
Term
Delegated powers
Definition
Powers expressed, implied or inherent granted to national gov't by the constitution
Term
Expressed powers
Definition
delegated powers of the national gov't spelled out in the constitution. Also called Enumerated powers.
Term
Implied Powers
Definition
Delegated powers of national gov't suggested by expressed powers
Term
Inherent powers
Definition
powers the constitution is preseumed to have delegated to the national gov't
Term
Concurrent powers
Definition
Powers that Both natinal Govt and states possess and enforce
Term
Interstate Compact
Definition
formal agreement entered into with consent of congress, between or among states
Term
Full faith and credit clause
Definition
constitutions requirement that each state accept the public acts, records and judicial proceedings of every other state
Term
Extradition
Definition
The legal process by which a loss of citezenship occurs
Term
Privileges and Immunities clause
Definition
Constitutiosn stipulation that all citizens are entitled to certain privilegs and immunities regardless of their state and residence
Term
Articles of confederation
Definition
Plan of Gov't establishing "A firm league of leadership" among states but few important poewrs to the central gov't
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