Marbury v. Madison (Judicial Review)

McCulloch v. Maryland (Elastic Clause)

Established power and prestige of court, strong central government, protected private property rights

Taney Court (1836-1864)

Dred Scott Decision

The Warren Court (1953-1969)

Landmark decisions in civil rights and liberties (Brown v. Board, Miranda, Griswold, Mapp, Tinker)

Rights of the Accused

Largely Republican with Liberal Decisions

Roe v. Wade, Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg, US v. Nixon

Fiscal Federalism

Funding the states recieve from the federal government in the form of grants and revenue sharing.

Grants-in-Aid

Gave states federal dollars and did not specify any purpose for the money

Revenue sharing was ended in 1986 and no longer exists

Conditions of Aid

• Authorized president to imprison any anlien from an enemy nation or any alien considered dangerous
• Crime to publish "false, scandalous, and malicious writings" against government

Provides old age benefits for retirees, diability, and survivor benefits for spouses and children

Creates Aid to Families with Dependent Children which was the welfare system until 1996

Outlawed discrimination in public accommodations

Upheld by Supreme Court under the Commerce Clause

Federal Fair Housing Act of 1968

aka

Civil Rights Act of 1968 Title VIII

Prohibits discrimination against any person because of race, clor, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin in sale, rental, leasing, finance, and advertising of housing

Requires an Environmental Impact Statement be produces before a major government project is undertaken

Prohibits gender discrimination in educational activities at an institution recieving federal funds

• President must notify Congress within 48 hours of troop deployment
• If Congress does not approve after 60, troops must be withdrawn within 30 days

Requires both houses of Congress to approve president's decision not to spend funds as appropriated

Unifies congressional budget process with goal of restraining spending

Federal Election Campaign Act, 1971 (amended 1974)

Created Federal Elections Commission (FEC) (1975)

Created system of public funding for presidential campaigns

Individuals with Disablities Education Act, 1974

(IDEA)

Set requirements for financial disclosure for elected public officials

Placed restrictions on former government officials' lobbying activities

Provided for automatic across-the-board spending cuts to take effect if the president and Congress failed to reach establishe targets

Failed to result in reduction because leagers found ways around the requirments of the law.

Tax Reform Act of 1986

Replacement of AFDC with the Temorary Assistance for Needy Families

2 year limit and 5 year lifetime limit that federal money can be used to provide benefits

Major expansion of federal role in public education

Designed to close gaps between students

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act of 2002

(BCRA or McCain-Feingold)

Policy on farming, agriculture, and food

Coordinates and supervises all functions of government elating t national security and military defense

Smallest cabinet-level dept

Devises and executes educational policy on federal level; manages federal student aid programs

Polivy on energy and nuclear safety

Dept of Housing and Urban Development

Dept of Transportation

Policy on transportation

Dept of the Treasury

Prints and mints all paper currency and coins

Collects federal taxes

Advises President on financial issues

Enforces tax evasion, counterfeiting, smuggling, and gun law violations

Commerce Clause

Power to control interstate commerce

One state can not discriminate againsts citizens of another state

16 Petition

Have to wait 48 hours

60 need to vote for cloture

Regulatory Agency

Dept of Treasury

Factions

Separation of Powers

Checks and Balances

Powers delegated to the President from Congress

(example: role as chief diplomat)

Initiative

Petition to get Something on a ballot

Rules Committee

national intervention

FDR and New Deal

Focus on the individual

Social Security Act

Brown v. Board, Baker v. Carr, Mapp v. Ohio

New Federalism

• Reagan and the Cold War
• Large Tax Cuts and Increased Spending
• Tax Reform Act, Am. w/ Disabilities Act (unfunded)
• More state spending and less federal

• More Control to the states
• Motor Voter Act, Family and Med. Leave Act, NAFTA, Unfunded Mandate Act
• US v. Lopez, Printz v. US, US v. Morisson

• Minimal gov intervention with the economy
• National government only uses enumerated powers
• Dred Scott v. Sanford, Plessy v. Ferguson, Weeks v. US, Schenk v. US
• Civil War and WWI

When retired government officials exploit their friendships with current government officials to achiece a political goal

Late 1930s to 1945

Bush v. Vera