Alger Hiss

Man who was accused of spying for the Soviet Union.

Dwight D. Eisenhower

Elected president in 1952, came up with the Eisenhower Doctrine. Became president during a bad time, when war broke out and other problems around the world.

McCarthyism

Unsubstantiated accusations of treason, support of communism of Un-American thinking.

Sputnik

First orbital satellite put up by the Soviets.

Ethel and Julis

Rosenburg

Soviet spies in the U.S. that were sharing American secrets with freign Communists.

House Un-American Activities Committee

(HUAC)

Agencies investigating possible Communist influence, both inside and outside the U.S. government.

Elvis Presley

Unofficial King of Rock 'n' Roll, first developed his musical style by singing in church and listening to gospel, country and blues music on the radio in Memphis, Tennesse.

Harry S. Truman

became president after FDR's death in 1945

-Truman Doctrine

-gave the order to drop 2 atomic bombs, ending the war (WWII)

Hollywood Blacklist

10 people were called to testify (against communism) but they refused. In response, these people were listed as having a Communist background.

NASA

National Aeronautics and Space Administration helped achieve the goal of man on the moon.

Fallout Shelters

Shelter from war, a place of refuge built to protect people from the effects of a nuclear weapon

Microwave Technology

High frequencies used to heat up food.

Military Industrial

Complex

A nation's armed forces and the industries that supply their equipment, materials, and armaments.

National Defense Education

Act

National Highway

Act

National Security

Act (1947)

Pop Culture

More Pop music and Rock 'n' Roll began to come to play.

Radio in the

1950s

Show talked about events going on during this time.

Selective Service

System

Needing specific skills to enter in the armed forces.

Technological Changes:

Mass media

More advertisements, entertainment and communication was being used.

Technical Changes:

Communication

Dial telephones soon were used to reach people.

Technological Changes:

Military

Became intergrated armed forces

Technological Changes:

Science

Brought about hydrogen bombs and space systems and missions to the moon.

(Sputnik)

Technological Changes:

Medicine

Women's preventive medicine became more affective. Medicine and health care improved and new diagnostic techniques were used.

Technological Changes:

Electronics

More Technology was being used, TVs, Radios 

Technological Changes:

Data Storage

Data type reels were used to store data on computers.

Technological Changes:

Transportation

Motor cars, air travel, railroad travel and sea travel

Socio-economic status: Jobs

White Collar

Socio-economic Status: Jobs

Blue Collar

Socio-economic Status: Jobs

Pink Collar

24th Amendment

The right of a citizen to vote in any election and can't be denied for any reason (poll tax).

Affirmative Action

A policy or program aimed at countering discrimination against minorities and women, especially in employment and education.

Black Panthers

A militant African American political organization formed to fight police brutality and to provide services in the ghetto.

Black Power

Movement

Tension between the SNCC and other civil rights groups erupted. Blacks began to stand up for their organizations.

Brown V. Board of Topeak, Kansas

(1954)

Public schools must be racially

integrated.

C.O.R.E

Congress of Racial Equality

an interracial group founded to work against segregation in Northern cities.

Civil Rights Act

of 1964

Law that banned discrimination on the basis of race, sex, national origin, or religion in public places and most workplaces.

Earl Warren

Chief Justice of the Supreme Court;

made decision that Brown v. Board of Education was unconstitutional due to segregation.

Freedom Riders

One of the civil rights activists who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation.

George Wallace

Ran as a third-party candidate in the Election of 1968. He was a Democrat running on the American Independent Party ticket. Champion of school segregation and states' rights.

James Meredith

Won a federal court case that allowed him to enroll in the all-white Ole Miss. When he arrived on campus, they refused to let him register for his classes.

Little Rock Nine

Nine black students that attend Little Rock Nine High School, an all white high school.

Malcolm X

A Black Muslim who adovacted a more violent approach to the Black community. He promoted Black Nationalism then he started speaking against it.

Martin Luther King Jr.

Leader of the non-violent protest movement. An Atlanta preacher that recieved the Nobel Peace Prize. He was arrested for the Bus Boycott.

Montgomery bus boycotts

Finding other ways of transportation instead of riding the bus like car pool or walking long distances in the black community.

Rosa Parks

Refused to give up her seat on the bus to a white man.

S.N.C.C.

Souther Nonviolent Coordinating Committe is an organization formed to coordinate sit-ins and other protests and to give young blacks a larger role in the civil rights movement.

Sit-ins

When protesters sit down in a segregated business and refuse to leave until the are served.

Stokley Carmichael

Created the Black Panthers and was involved in the Black Power Movement.

Thurgood Marshall

First African-American Supreme Court judge. He made the end decision in the Brown v. Board case.

Voting Rights Act

of 1965

This act eliminated the literacy tests that had kept many people from voting.

American Indian

Movement (AIM)

a frequently militant organization that was formed in 1968 to work for Native American rights.

Betty Friedan

author of The Feminine Mystique

British Invasion

(Beatles)

British music came to symbolize the hopes and dreams of a global generation that came of age in the 1960s.

Ceasar Chavez

a Mexican-American farm worker who was trying to organize a union fo California's mostly Spanish-speaking farm workers. He created the UFW.

Clean Air Act

Gave the authority to the government to set air standards.

Counterculture

Culture of young people who rejected mainstream American society in the 1960s, seeking t ocreate an alternative society based on peace, love, and individual freedom.

Great Society

President Lyndon Johnson's program to reduce poverty and racial injustice and to promote a better quality of life in the US.

Haight-Ashbury

a San Francisco district that became the "capital" of the hippie counterculture during the 1960s.

Gloria Steinem

A journalist, political activist, and supporter of the women's liberation movement, made her voice heard on the subjects of feminism and equality.

ICBMs

Intercontinental ballistic missles

Lyndon Johnson

Created the Great Society plan, it included the reduction of poverty and racial injustice. Known for causing more Vietnam conflict.

John F. Kennedy 

Creator of the Peace Corps, New Frontier program and goals of space exploration.

Peace Corps

An agency est. in 1961 to provide volunteer assistance to developing nations in Asia, Africa, and Latin America.

National Organization

for Women

(NOW)

An organization that pursues feminist goals, such as better child-care facilities, improved educational opportunities, and an end to job discrimination.

Medicare

A program that provides hospital insurance and low-cost medical insurance to Americans aged 65 and over.

Students for a

Democratic Society

(SDS)

an antiestablishment that called for greater individual freedom and responsibility.

The Feminie Mystique

Book written by Betty Friedan that addressed the "problem that has no name" that a lot of women were facing.

Neil Armstrong

First man to walk on the moon

(American).

New Frontier

John Kennedy's plan that included medical care for the elderly, rebuilding of urban areas, aid education, improve national defense, increase international aid, and expand the space program.

New Left

A youth-dominated political movement that created organizations like Students for a Democratic Society and the Free Speech Movement.

Phyllis Schalfly

She disagreed with the Equal Rights Amendment in 1972. She felt the the ERA would lead to "a parade of horribles".

Space Programs

This program grew once Neil Armstrong took the first steps on the moon. Many universities expanded their science programs.

Robert Kennedy

President that had plans of men reaching the moon and all these other goals. He was assassinated before he got to see his plans come to life.

Stonewall Riots

 A riot that came from a police raid on the Stonewall Inn,a popular hang-out for gays in Greenwich in 1969.

Woodstock

A free music festival that attracted thousands of young people to a farm in upstate New York.

Technological Change:

Science

Once our space system got men walking on the moon, schools all over expanded their science departments.

Hydrogen bomb

a thermonuclear weapon much more powerful than he atomic bomb.

26th Amendment

The right of citizens of the US who are 18 years old can vote.

Agent Orange

A toxic leaf-killing chemical sprayed by US planes in Vietnam to expose Vietcong hideouts.

Cambodia/Laos

While the US troops were heading home, Vietnam invaded their base.

My Lai Incident

A village in northern South Vietnam where more than 200 unarmed civilians were killed by US troops.

Kent State Massacre

Ohio university whe National Guardsmen opened fire on students protesting the Vietnam War, nine were wounded and four were killed.

Napalm

A gasoline-based substance used in bombs that US planes dropped in Vietnam in order to burn away jungle and expose Vietcong hideouts.

Pentagon Papers

A document that leaked to the press revealing that the US government had not been honest about its intentions in the Vietnam War.

Tet offensive

A massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Viethnamese towns and cities.

Vietcong

The South Vietnamese Communists fought against the government of South Vietnam in the Vietnam War.

Vietnamization

Nixon's strategy for ending US involvement in the Vietnam War, involving withdrawl of US troops and their replacement with South Vietnamese forces.

War Powers Act

1973

Law limiting a president's right to send troops into battle without consulting Congress.

Ho Chi Minh

Established the Indochinese Communist Party. His goal was to gain independence for Vietnam.

Golf of Tonkin

Resolution

Gives the president the power to send as many soldiers as he wants for however long he wants to repeal any armed attack against forces of the US.

Operation Rolling Thunder

The first combat troops land in South Vietnam. 2 marine battalions land at Da Nang. Later increased to 18 battalions.

Dien Bien Phu

Where the French were overran by Vietnam.

General William

Westmoreland

Commander in South Vietnam. A West Point graduate who had served in World War II and Korea.

Robert McNamara

Secretary of Defense, worked with Secretary of State and President Johnson to begin getting troops for the fight in Vietnam.

Fall of Saigon

America provided economic aid but refused to send troops. North Vietnamese tanks rooled into Saigon and captured the city. Soon after, South Vietname surrendored to North Vietnam.