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Goal 3.3.1, 3.3.2, 3.3.3, 3.4.1, 3.4.2, 3.4.3, 3.5.1, 3.5.2
Lesson 27, 28, 29, 30
35
Biology
10th Grade
01/10/2013

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Term
atmosphere
Definition
the mass of gases that surrounds Earth
Term
fossil
Definition
the remains or evidence of an organism that lived in past ages
Term
cyanobacteria
Definition
prokaryotes that make food by photosynthesis
Term
photosynthesis
Definition
a process by which organisms use the energy in sunlight to form glucose from water and carbon dioxide
Term
cellular respiration
Definition
the process by which organisms use oxygen to get energy from carbohydrates and other food molecules
Term
evolution
Definition
the process if change in species and populations of organisms over time
Term
species
Definition
a group of similar organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Term
natural selection
Definition
the process by which organisms best suited to their environment survive and reproduce
Term
phenotype
Definition
physical traits
Term
adaptation
Definition
any feature or behavior of an organism that improves the organism's chance of survival and reproduction in its environment
Term
gene pool
Definition
the total genetic information of all the organisms in a population
Term
fitness
Definition
an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
Term
speciation
Definition
the evolution of a new species from an existing species
Term
resistance
Definition
an organism's ability to withstand the effects of a harmful agent
Term
immunity
Definition
the ability of an organism to fight disease
Term
antibiotic
Definition
a drug that is used to kill bacteria or slow their growth
Term
fossil
Definition
the remains or traces of organisms that lived past ages
Term
homologous structures
Definition
body parts of different organisms that have a similar structure but may have different alleles
Term
analogous structures
Definition
body parts that have a similar function but not a similar structure
Term
vestigial structure
Definition
a body part that does not seem to play a major role in an organism's life functions but was more important in the organism's ancestors
Term
embryology
Definition
the study of embryos
Term
embryo
Definition
an early stage in the development of an organism
Term
taxonomy
Definition
the field of biology that deals with classifying organisms
Term
species
Definition
a group of organisms that share most characteristics and can interbreed to produce fertile offspring
Term
domain
Definition
the largest group of organisms in the modern classification system
Term
kingdom
Definition
the taxonomic group below the domain
Term
prokaryote
Definition
an organism made up of one cell that lacks a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Term
eukaryote
Definition
an organism whose cells have a distinct nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
Term
autotroph
Definition
an organism that makes its own food
Term
heterotroph
Definition
an organism that cannot make its own food and obtains nutrition by feeding on other organisms
Term
binomial nomenclature
Definition
a system of naming organisms in which each kind of organism is given a unique two-part name
Term
genus
Definition
a classification group below family that includes related species
Term
phylogeny
Definition
the evolutionary history of a group of organisms
Term
phylogenetic tree
Definition
a branching diagram that shows the development of groups of organisms from a common ancestor
Term
dichotomous key
Definition
a tool that can be used to determine the identity of something by matching observations to a series of paired statements or questions
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