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Goal 1 Critical Definitions and Concepts
N/A
19
History
10th Grade
04/13/2011

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Term
Magna Carta
Definition
1215 English document; means "The Great Charter"; limited the power of the monarchy and guaranteed the rights of nobility; colonists applied the idea of limited government to the colonial governments.
Term
Enlightenment
Definition
18th Century European Movement; spread the idea that reason and science could improve society; influenced America's founders like George Washington and Thomas Jefferson.
Term
Mayflower Compact
Definition
1620 Document; written by Pilgrims on the Mayflower; established the first form of direct democracy in the colonies.
Term
joint-stock company
Definition
investors provide partial ownership in a company organized for profit; establish proprietary colonies.
Term
Parliament
Definition
the legislative body for the British government; legislatures make the laws.
Term
Common Law
Definition
a system of law based on precedent and customs; is unwritten.
Term
compact
Definition
an agreement among a group of people.
Term
ordinance
Definition
an authoritative rule of law; a decree or command; local law.
Term
treaty
Definition
a formal agreement between two or more states or countries.
Term
confederation
Definition
a league or group of allies; agree to abide by rules.
Term
identity
Definition
the individual characteristics by which a thing, person or country is recognized or known (i.e. the American Identity)
Term
mercantilism
Definition
the theory that a country should sell more goods than it buys (export more than it imports=favorable balance of trade)
Term
boycott
Definition
the refusal to purchase certain goods; form of civil disobedience.
Term
repeal
Definition
to cancel; most often refers to laws; example: the 18th Amendment was repealed.
Term
delegate
Definition
a representative to a meeting
Term
direct democracy
Definition
all citizens meet to vote first hand on government matters.
Term
representative democracy
Definition
citizens elect delegates to meet and vote on their behalf; the U.S. has a system of representative democracy.
Term
popular sovereignty
Definition
having authority or power; power to the people.
Term
authoritarian government
Definition
government power is held by a single person or small group which is not held accountable to the citizens of the country; opposite of a democracy.
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