Term
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Definition
| the formation of glycogen from glucose occuring when there is plenty of glucose to meet energy needs |
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Term
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Definition
| liberates stored glucose for catabolism such as during fasting |
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Term
| What does breaking apart glucose molecules do? |
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Definition
| liberates the energy that is used to synthesize ATP, NADH, FADH2 |
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Term
| What are the two different ways ATP is made? |
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Definition
Substrate phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| what is substrate phosphorylation |
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Definition
| a quick "emergancy" way to make ATP |
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Term
| what is oxidative phosphorylation |
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Definition
| the normal way to make ATP. Most ATP is made this way. it has the Electron transport chain and mitochondria. |
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Term
| what is the order of cycles in which ATP is made? |
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Definition
1 Glycolysis
2 Pyruvate conversion
3 Citric Acid Cycle |
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Term
| what must be available for the transition of pyruvate from glycolysis to Krebs cycle to create NADH |
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Definition
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Term
| This builds up during anaerobic excersize.. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the krebs cycle each spin yields.. |
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Definition
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Term
| This works fast but has low yield.. |
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Definition
| substrate phosphorylation |
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Term
| In the mitochondria this produces alot of ATP.. |
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Definition
| oxidative phosphorylation |
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Term
| For every NADH produced in the Oxidative phosphorylation how many ATP are produced? |
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Definition
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Term
| For every FADH2 produced in Oxidative Phosphorylation how many ATP are generated? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many ATP are used up in the Glycolysis/Substrate phosphorylation cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many steps are there in the Glycolysis cycle |
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Definition
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Term
| Out of the ten steps in the Glycolysis Cycle which are repeated twice? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many NADH are produced in the Glycolysis cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| After the Krebs cycle/Oxidative phosphorylation how many ATP, NADH, and FADH2 are generated? |
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Definition
after two cycles.
6 NADH
2 ATP
2 FADH2 |
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Term
| Overall on average how many ATP are generated through Glycolysis and Krebs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 2/3 total body of this is inside your cells.. |
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Definition
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Term
| 8% of this is in your plasma |
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Definition
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Term
| 24% of this is between your cells |
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Definition
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Term
| Who has the highest percentage of water content relative to age and weight. |
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Definition
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Term
| What compartment in your body has the highest concentration of sodium (NA+) ions? |
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Definition
| plasma- interstitial fluid |
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Term
| Insulin is a protein. True or False? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following compartments has the highest concentration of proteins:
-Plasma
-intracellular fluid
-intersitial fluid
-plasma: intersistial fluid |
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Definition
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Term
| What does Flicks Law state? |
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Definition
| Concentration Gradient is the only one that really changes |
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Term
| This regulates movement across the memebrane of excitable cells |
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Definition
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Term
| These four things can open or close the ion "gate". |
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Definition
hormones
neurotransmitter
local signals
voltage changes |
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Term
| This is present in large amounts inside and low amounts outside the cell |
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Definition
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Term
| This is low inside the cell because its transferred to H2O. |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the four trans-membrane movements of materials |
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Definition
Simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
primary active transport
secondary active transport |
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Term
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Definition
| when the material moves DOWN its concentration gradient. ex) CO2 is high in side cell and low outside |
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Term
| what is facilitated diffusion |
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Definition
| moves down its concentration gradient but needs a transporter to go through membrane |
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Term
| what is primary active transport |
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Definition
| when hydrolysis of ATP drives material to move AGAINST its concentration gradient |
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Term
| what is secondary active transport |
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Definition
| when the ion gradient provides the energy to drive material away from its concentration gradient |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| this is EASY to break and REQUIRES energy to break it. |
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Definition
| phosphate bond in the hydrolysis of ATP |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Overall ATP hydrolysis ________ Energy |
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Definition
| releases energy due to the new bonds that were formed release more energy than was used to break the bond. |
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Term
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Definition
| the process where a cell absorbs molecules from outside using the cell membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| when the cell directs is contents of its vesicles out |
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Term
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Definition
| when molecules are moved across the membrane of the cell |
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Term
| what are the four types of cell junctions |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lots of traffic. in the hepatocytes (liver cells) |
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Term
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Definition
| prevents traffic. in the kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| coordinated excitation. in the smooth muscles |
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