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| During the years after the Cold War global politics began to be reconfigured along cultural lines |
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| For people seeking identity and reinventing ethnicity, enemies are essential |
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| In the post Cold War world the most important distinctions are economic |
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| The world boils down into three basic civilizations |
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| The West is deteriorating and will, in the next few years, be over taken at least two civilizations that are more aggressive |
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| We are nearing the End of History as we know it |
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| F - Fukuyama was wrong we need to return to the realist school of international affairs |
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| Conflicts between poor and rich countries will increase dramatically in the next few decades |
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| F-poor countrys cant fight |
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| It is impossible to think of human in any other term than civilization |
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| Major civilization in human history have been closely associated with the worlds great religions |
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| Civilizations are not static but evolve through several identifiable stages |
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| T —Quingley, mixture gestation, expansion, age of conflict, universal empire, decay, invasion |
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| A civilization is almost identical to a government |
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| Religion is the central defining characteristic of a civilization |
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| The civilization have alas had considerable contact and considerable conflict |
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| For the 400 years between 1500 and 900 intercivilizational consisted of subordination to the West |
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| The west became dominant because of its superior ideas |
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| The great political ideologies of the modern world all have one thing in common—they are Western |
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| The West is now close to becoming the universal civilization of the world |
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| Human beings in virtually all societies share certain basic values |
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| Davos culture refers to the primitive tribes of the Amazon Basin |
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| The acceptance of Western pop culture is a strong indication that globalization will be triumphant |
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| the central elements of any culture or civilization are language and religion |
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| In the near future Mandarin will replace English as the world’s common lang |
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| 6. Jesus Christ has a better chance of meeting the moral and social needs of urban migrants than Thomas Jefferson or Adam Smith |
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| Islam wins out over Christianity because it grows by both conversation and reproduction |
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| Many forms of anti-democratic and authoritarian regimes are alive and well in the world today |
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| Modernization and Westernization are essentially the same thing |
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| Western Christianity is historically the single most important characteristic of Western civilization |
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| The separation of church and state that typifies the West has existed in no other civilization |
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| The values that r most important in theWest are the least important worldwide |
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| At least two major civilizations have largely rejected modernization |
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| In fundamental ways the world is becoming more modern and less Western |
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| The biggest geopolitical story in modern times is the rise of the |
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| global system of politics, power, investment, trade, culture and ideology |
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| 1. Christianity began as a non- western religion |
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| Christianity was an old religion in Africa before it ever reached England |
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| The Ethiopian church is distinctive bc of its hostility toward Judaism |
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| The largest Christian group in Egypt is the Alexandrian Methodist church |
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| Christianity was wiped out in Arab countries by the ninth century A. D. |
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| 6. Throughout the Middle Ages a large proportion of the world’s Christians lived under the power of a hostile faith |
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| Christianity has been in china as long as it has been in England |
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| Christianity’s decline in the Middle east and Asia came at the end of the middle Ages |
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| The charge that the Roman Catholics in Latin America were guilty of genocide is an academic myth |
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| Catholicism’s deepest roots in Latin America were the result of wise and persistent missionary policy |
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| Roman Catholic missionaries found that adapting to local cultures was the path to growth |
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| Protestants battled Catholics for mission supremacy starting in the 1500s |
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| More than Catholics, Protestant missionaries were determined to destroy native culture |
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| The US domination the Protestant missionary movement |
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| Christianity became the world’s first universal religion |
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| Sophisticated Westerners have assumed for some time that religion would inevitably die |
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| Secularization theory works best when one studies the US. |
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| 3. Secularization theory argues that ppl first give up religion and that determines the other decisions of their lives |
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| The author argues that family formation is a cause, not a result, of how one views religion |
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| In the history of Western Europe it appears that ppl stopped having children before they were secularized |
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| 6. France is a prime example of a country in which ppl stopped having babies and then stopped being religious afterwards |
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| The United States has significantly more children per woman and higher marriage rates than Europe |
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| Evangelical Christians have a lower birth rate than most other groups |
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| Ppl who are in churches that forbid birth control are more likely to have large families |
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| Having children is quite likely to make ppl more religions |
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| Having children pushes ppl toward an intensity of purpose they might not otherwise have |
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| In largely secular Europe men and woman are about equally religious |
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| Today’s low birthrates are a fixture of modern life and highly unlikely to change |
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| The population bomb has turned out to be a dud |
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| Modern ppl have proven that the traditional two-paerent family has just as many problems as any other type of family formation |
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| Christianity exercises an overwhelming global appeal which shows no sign of weakening. |
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| Missionary activity has a very poor image in Western popular thought |
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| Africans and Asians embrace Christianity primarily bc it was to their economic advantage. |
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| Persecution of Christians was very rare until the last half og the twentieth century |
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| Once embraced, African and Asian Christians began to burn off the elements of Christianity that were exclusively Western |
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| Christianity has often been driven by native prophets who were enormously charismatic |
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| Some African prophets have been among the greatest Christian leaders of the past fifty years |
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| Native prophets tend to reject the Bible and proclaim their own unique message. |
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| Over 90% of Africans Christians are in traditional, European denominations |
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Definition
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| Even with colonialism long gone native churches are flourishing |
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| After colonialism ended it took native African churches a generation to recover |
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| Churches began to grow bc of their elastic ability to adopt to local circumstances |
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| African independent churches are 95% of Africa’s Christian population |
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| Anglicans in the British Isles are massively outnumbered by Anglicans overseas |
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| Strangely, the independent churches are experiencing little growth |
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| In Latin America Protestants tend to have a much higher level of religious commitment than Roman Catholics |
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| Forty new Pentecostal churches are started in Rio de Janeiro every week |
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| Roman Catholics has strongly resisted the new methods and strategies used by Protestants |
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| Millions in China have converted to Christianity but very few from the ranks of the Communist Party |
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| The world’s largest local congregation is located in Vatican City, Italy |
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| Churches grow bc they are a refuge in the midst of social change |
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| Churches grow bc they empower women |
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| Sociologist often miss the real reason people join churches |
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| Southern Christians have a strong sense of the supernatural |
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| For many the meaning of globalization has been shaped largely by media coverage of an angry opposition |
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| Globalization is a story of human progress and promise |
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| Productive capability today worldwide is slightly less than three times what it was a century age |
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| The world’s poor have largely missed out on the modern economic boom |
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| The only thing that stubbornly refuses to improve is literacy rates |
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| Places like South Korea and China have doubled their productive output in the last ten years |
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| Until about 200 years ago virtually everyone lives at subsistence level |
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| Modern prosperity is rooted in the deep, humanitarian impulses of Western societies |
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| Contrary to popular opinion, Americans work sifnificantly harder toady than they did 100 years ago |
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| Today the majority of the worlds population has the right to vote |
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| The greatest threat to the worlds economy today is income ineQuality |
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Definition
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| One of the most formidable impediments to continued economics progress is protectionism |
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| The great majority of wars today are civil wars |
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| One of the great threats to the development world is an aging population |
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| The source of much of the worlds misery is not globalization but poverty |
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| Almost everyone whoever lived was wrechdly poor |
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Definition
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| Today more than half the worlds pop is mixed in extreme poverty |
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Definition
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| Market forces an free trade are not enough to cvlimate extreme poverty |
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Definition
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| A global effort is needed to eliminate extreme poverty |
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Definition
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| A new kind of development econmics needs to emerge alcin to modern medicine |
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Definition
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| Govt intervention is the only force that can really make a difference in reducing poverty |
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Definition
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| Geographical location is at least as important as good governanc in reducing poverty |
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Definition
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| Globalization is making the rich richer and the poor poorer |
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| Poverty is caused by explotation by rich countries |
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Definition
| F- low productivity per worker |
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| Africa is poor bcuz of disease and gerographical disadvantages |
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Definition
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| most of todays developed countries recivevd external help at some time |
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Definition
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| eliminating extreme poverty will be extreamly expensive |
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| Govt assistance has been shown to work in certain circumstances |
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Definition
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| The one positive thing about foreign aid is that it produces more democatic govts |
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Definition
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| economica developlment happens through the home grown efforts of enterpreneurs and social and political reformers |
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Definition
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| One key ingredient in making aid work is feedback |
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Definition
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| A second key ingredient for aid to work is accountability |
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| Most of the time when forein aid is evaluated its self-evauluated |
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| One thing that will not work is paying parents ot put their kids in school |
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| Government progress never work in the long run |
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| 1. People and countries with similar cultures are coming together and those with different cultures are coming together |
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| The European powers make it clear they don’t want Muslim Turkey in the European Union |
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| 3. The only thing that will prevent future wars is to get past regional animosities and convene some sort of world govt |
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| Asia will be especially powerful in the future bc it is composed of one, large civilization |
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| An economic alliance is essentially the same thing as a military alliance |
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| a “cleft” country is one where large groups belong to different civilizations |
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| If Russia became Western then Orthodox civilizations would cease to exist |
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| A Western democrat could carry on an intellectual debate with a Russian, Orthodox nationalist, but not a Marxist |
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| 9. Mexico’s leadership in recent years has tried to make the country distinct from the US and more like other Latin America countries |
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| Political leaders can make history but they cannot escape history |
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| The world order is more and more centered on the core states of various civilizations |
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| It is up to the UN to est order in the world |
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| Civilizations that lack core states will be more orderly than those with a dominant core state |
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| The Chinese identify themselves largely along racial lines |
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| The “bamboo network” is another term for the Chinese secret police |
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| In the Islamic world national identities are not nearly as important as family and tribe |
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Definition
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| 17. The absence of an Islamic core state is a major contributor to the pervasive internal and external conflicts which characterize Islam |
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Definition
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| 18. Saudi Arabia was the original home of Islam and comes closer than any other nation to being the Islamic core state |
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| Turkey has the potential to take over as the Islamic core state |
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| Turkey is not the Islamic core state bc it identifies itself as a secular nation |
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