Neolithic Age

-New stone age

-Agrarian (farming) Revolution

• grow crops, domesticate animals
• Subsistence Farming
• Growing only what you need

River Valley Civilizations

-Farming leads to

• Food surplus leads to
• population growth
• people can do things instead of getting food

-Cities

• end of nomadic life- people stop moving around looking for food
• People live together to share resources

-Governments

• Created to manage resourses and people

Civilization

Features of civilization

-People

-Surplus Food

Military- Sex Roles ( men out of home), Patriarchy (male dominated)

-Jobs- Priests, artists, ect.

-Education- Priests as scribes

-Cities-

   Ex. Mohenjo Daro and Harappa in India (planned cities)

-Art

-Religion

• Polytheistic

-Trade

-Places where civilization begins

-Mesopotamia

• Tigris & Euphrates Rivers
• Iraq

-Nile River

• Eqypt

-Huang He River

• Also known as Yellow River
• China

Indus River

• India

ALL ARE RIVER VALLEY CIVILIZATIONS

Writing

Pictograph- Pictures

Hieroglyphics- Egypt (Rosetta Stone)

Cuneiform- Wedges (mesopotamia)

Sanskrit (india)

Alphabet- Phoenicians

Scribes- Writers

-Period of time that has peace and prosperity (wealth)

-Allows for development of art, architecture, literature, science, trade

-Examples

• Song and Tang Dynasties in china
• Hellenistic Greece
• Gupta Dynasty in India
• Muslim Golden Age
• Pax Romana (Roman Empire)

-River Valley Civilization-Huang He (Yellow River)

• Loess (yellowish silt) makes fertile soil
• Helps farming

-Surrounded by mountains, desert and jungle

• Protects China from invaders
• Allows development of homogeneous culture
  • led to ethnocentrism (beleif their culture is the best) and xenophobia (fear of outsiders)

-Dynastic Cycle

• Cycle of the rise and fall of ruling families in china

-Mandate of Heaven

• Ruling family has the right to rule from heaven (divine right of kings)
• Dynasties have peace, prosperity, success when they have the ,andate
• Imperialism
  • Increase size of china by taking over neighbors
• Kowtow-Tribute
  • Bowing low to emperor and payment as an offering of respect

-Ancestor Worship

• Beleif that ancestors communicate with gods on behalf of people on earth.

-Yin/Yang Symbol

• Beleif that good and evil must be balanced in individuals and the earth

Ancient China- Philosophies

-Legalism

• Shi Huang di- First Emperor
• Built Great Wall
• Strict Punishments
• Need of society more important than individual

-Daoism

• Follow nature
• People are good so no need for strict rules
• Daoist Inventions- sundial, block printing