Adrenocorticotropic hormone 

gland: anterior pituitary

target: adrenal glands

effects: stimulates production of steroid hormones

 Follicle- Stimulating Hormone 

Gland: anterior pituitary

Target: ovaries and testes

Effects: regulates the development of male and female gametes; stimulates the production of testosterone in males

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

Target: Ovaries and Testes

Effect: stimulates the release of an egg (ovulation) from an ovary; stimulates testosterone production by the testes

Gland: Anterior Pituitary

Target: Mammary Glands

Effect: stimulates milk PRODUCTION in breasts

TSH

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone

Gland: anterior pituitary

Target: thyroid gland

Effect: stimulates production of thyroxin by the thyroid gland

Gland: Posterior Pituitary

Target: Mammary Glands, Uterus

Effect: Stimulates uterine contractions and milk secretion (the let down of milk into the ducts)

Gland: anterior pituitary

Target: all tissues

Effect: promotes protein synthesis; stimulates growth of muscles and bones

Antidiuretic Hormone

Gland: Posterior Pituitary

Target: kidneys, blood vessels

Effect: stimulates reabsorbtion of water; constricts blood vessels

Gland: Adrenal Cortex

Target: all tissues

Effect: controls salt (sodium and potassium) and water balance

(Adrenaline)

Gland: Adrenal Medulla

Target: Skeletal and cardiac muscles, blood vessels

Effect: initiates the response to stress; increases metabolic rate, heart rate, and blood pressure; dilates blood vessels; raises blood sugar

Gland: Adrenal Cortex

Target: Kidneys

Effect: Stimulates metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins; raises blood sugar

 (lack of cortisol: addisons disease)

Gland: Pancreas (islets of langerhans)

Target: liver, fatty tissue

Effect: stimulates conversion of glycogen to glucose; raises blood sugar

Gland: Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)

Target: All Tissues

Effect: Shuttles glucose to cells; lowers blood sugar

Gland: Parathyroids

Target: Bone tissue, digestive tract, kidneys

Effect: Stimulates the breakdown of bone tissue and absorbtion of calcium by kidneys; raises blood calcium; activates vitamin D

Gland: Pineal

Target: uncertain- possibly ovaries and testes

Effect: May regulate biorhythms and moods; may affect onset of puberty

Gland: Thyroid

Target: Bone Tissue

Effect: Inhibits loss of calcium from bone; lowers blood calcium

Gland: Thyroid

Target: All tissues

Effect: Raises metabolic rate; necessary for normal growth and develpoment

 (Good example for negative feedback)

Gland: Ovaries

Target: All tissues, female reproductive structures

Effect: Controls development of secondary female sex characteristics and sex organs; initiates preparation of the uterus for pregnancy

Gland: Ovaries

Target: Uterus, breasts

Effect: Completes preparation of the uterus for pregnancy; stimulates the breast development

Gland: testes

Target: all tissues, male reproductive stuctures

Effect: controls development of secondary male sex characteristics and sex organs; stimulates sperm formation

SCOPE

SPECIFICITY

FLEXABILITY

These Hormones bind to a receptor protein on the plasma membrane of the cell.

Steroid hormones are _____ to act, but cause ______________ changes.

Peptide Hormones have ______________ changes but are ___________.