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GIS Terms List
A list of common terms for a beginning GIS class
15
Geography
Undergraduate 2
10/10/2013

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Term
GIS
Definition
An organized collection of computer hardware, software, geographic data, and personnel designed to efficiently capture, store, update, manipulate, analyze and display all forms of geographically referenced information
Term
Vector data
Definition
Consists of points, lines and polygons with attributes (name, population, area)
Point examples: school locations, burglaries, ATM locations, addresses
Line examples: Streams, roads
Polygon examples: Census tracts, county boundaries, tax parcels
Term
Raster data
Definition
Consists of a matrix of cells or pixels organized into a grid where each cell contains a value. Example: Aerial photography
Term
Geodatabase
Definition
"data warehouse”. Stores a collection of datasets (feature classes, tables, raster images)
Term
File geodatabase
Definition
Can hold lots of data. Can be compressed. Recommended for use
Term
Personal geodatabase
Definition
Limited on storage. Can’t share with others
Term
Choropleth map
Definition
A map in which polygon areas are shown with varying colors to represent attribute values. The values are grouped into classes and each class is identified by a particular color.
Term
Map elements
Definition
What goes on your final map. Legend, Scale bar, North Arrow, Title
Term
Data Frame
Definition
Displays layers drawn on the map. The table of contents on the left side of the map shows the list of layers within that data frame.
Data Frame is REA. Can have multiple data frames but only 1 active at a time.
Term
Data View
Definition
Use for exploring data. Real-world coordinates and measurements
Term
Layout view
Definition
Use for creating map layouts. Add map elements in layout view. Size is in page units (inches)
Term
GIS joins
Definition
Associate records in one table with records in another table through a common field.
Term
Data table join
Definition
Both tables must have a field with the same values. The name of the field doesn’t have to be the same, but the data type has to be the same. (Numbers to numbers, text to text)
Term
Spatial join
Definition
Use when map layers don’t share a common field. Joins attributes of two layers based on the location.
Term
Group layer
Definition
Contains other data layers. Helps organized related data.
Tax Parcels <3600 is the Group layer. The other data is organized under the group layer
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