Term
|
Definition
NaHCO3, CaCO3, MgOH2, AlOH3
Neutralize the gastric acid
Inhibit pepsin
NaHCO3 is the only systemic one
Lots
Na: Na and H2O retention
Ca: Milk alkali syndrome
Mg: Diarrhea
Al: Constipation
FQs and Fe salts will have dec BA, in addition to tetracycline and keto |
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Term
|
Definition
Defoaming action
physiologically inert |
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Term
H2 antagonists
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Cimetidine, Ranitidine, Famotidine, Nizatidine
Comp inhibit gastric acid secretion, reduce volume of gastric acid
Dose adjust in renal pts
GERD, Tx duodenal ulcers
Confusion in elderly. C: can cause prolactin secretion, gynoecomastia
Theophylline, warfarin interactions |
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Term
|
Definition
Omeprazole, esomeprazole, lansoprazole, pantoprazole
Prodrugs that form a complex with the H/K ATPase, irreversible action
Accumulates in parietal cells
Hepatic metabolism
*NSAID ulcer prophylaxis
N/V/D, CNS, *CAP colonized URT
O: highest rate of DI, CYP inhibitor
Clopidogrel blocked by PPI (no stent) |
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Term
|
Definition
Prostaglandin Analog, block secretion of acid and stimulate the mucus and bicarb'
-
prevention of NSAID induced gastric ulcers in high risk pts
*Abortive with Mifepristone, N/V/D
none |
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Term
|
Definition
Aluminum complex of sucrose sulfate. When pH < 4, protects ulcers with bandaid
Absorbs pepsin, stim EGF
Tx ulcers
Al3 can accumulate in renal dx
FQs, AA, H2 antagonists, cimetidine |
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Term
|
Definition
Bran, psyllium, cellulose, polycarbophil
Absorb H2O and increase bulk
Can lead to diarrha, dec K,dehydration, loss of bowel funct |
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Term
|
Definition
Docusate
Surfactants that soften stool
Electrolyte acc in renal dx |
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Term
|
Definition
Mineral Oil
coat the stool with oil
Fat soluble vit malabsorption, anal pruritis, *aspiration pneumonia |
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Term
|
Definition
Mg and Na compounds
Increase osm pressure in the colon, retaining water to increase volume
Hypermagnesia, hyperphosphatemia |
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Term
|
Definition
Anthaquinones, Senna, caster oil, Phenolphthalein, Bisadodoyl
Inihibits absorption, enhance secretion and effect motility
Abdominal discomfort, melanosis coli |
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Term
|
Definition
Lactulose, sorbitol, glyercin, PEG soln
Exert and osmotic effect and may have some effect on intestinal motility
Discomfort, cramping, burning, pain |
|
|
Term
Diphenyloxylate + Atropine
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Opiod agonist, acts on mu R
Large doses penetrate the CNS
For diarrhea |
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|
Term
Bismuth Subsalicylate
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Adsorption of bacterial toxins by the bismuth salts or local anti inflammatory actions of salicylate
For travelers diarrhea
Can cause black stools, salicylate tox |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Somatostatin analog, inhibits gastric acid, pepsin and gastrin, dec Sm mm contractility
For tumor/AIDS related diarrhea |
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|
Term
5HT3 Receptor Blockers
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Ondesartan, Granisetron, Dolestron
R located in the CTZ, upper GI tract
Met by CYP450
Prevention of N/V, (chemo)
Cause constipation, diarrhea, HA
D: arrythmias |
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|
Term
D2 R antagonists
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Metoclopramide, perchlorperzine, promethazine, chlorpromazine, haloperidol, Droperidol
D2 R is in the emetic pathway in CTZ
-
N/V of sorts
Sedation, explosive diarrhea, reversible impotence |
|
|
Term
Metacloprimide
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Enhances motility of sm mm, accelerates gastric emptying
Acc in renal dx, crosses BBB
-
Restlessness, worsens parkinsons dx
May accelerate absorption of many drugs |
|
|
Term
Pancreatin, Pancrelipase
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
inactivation by gastric acid and pepsin
Dose adjust based on fecal content
Used to prevent steatorrhea |
|
|
Term
Tegaserod Maleate
MOA
PK
TU
AE
DI |
|
Definition
Short term ED tx IBD in women
Act 5HT3 R in GI tract
Inc GI motility, dec visceral sensation
Can cause stroke, MI, angina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tx diarrhea predominent IBS in women
5HT3 blocker,
Dec intestinal sec, motility, aff pain signals
Met CYP450
Dose related constipation |
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