Term
Which hepatitis virus is dsDNA?
What is the structure of the rest?
Which have envelopes? |
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Definition
HepB enveloped dsDNA
Rest are ssRNA
Hep B, C, D have envelopes |
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Term
| What is the only virus that generates its genome from a mRNA during replication? |
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Definition
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Term
Which viruses that cause hepatitis are cytolytic?
What are the pathogenic mechanisms of the other Heptitis viruses?
Which hepatitis virus causes immune complex deposition? |
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Definition
HepD and Yellow Fever
HepA, HepC: CD8+ T-cells mediated
HepB: Type III hypersensitivity(arthralgia)
CD8+ T-cells mediated damage |
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Term
| Which hepatitis viruses are transmitted via the oral-fecal route? |
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Definition
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Term
Which hepatitis viruses does not develop chronic disease, what does this infer about the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma?
Which Hepatitis virus is most likely to develop chronic infection? |
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Definition
HepA
HepE
No cancer or cirrhosis risk
Chronic: Most likely HepC |
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Term
What age group shows less jaundice in HepA
What other organisms does hepA infect? |
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Definition
<6 yr olds
Other organisms: none |
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Term
When are people vaccinated to Hep A
When is Immune Serum Globulin used
Why is quarantine ineffective? |
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Definition
Vaccination
Traveling to endemic regions
High risk communities
Clotting disorders
Chronic liver disease
Immune Serum globulin
Traveler's to high/moderate endemic areas
Within 14 days post-infection
Quarantine: Ineffective bc infectious before symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
IgM
Confirmation with 4x's rise in IgG |
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Term
What does HBc, HBs, HBe antigens in the blood indicate?
What does Antibody to each antigen indicate? |
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Definition
HBc: Acute infection
Ab-Past infection
HBe: Transmissibility
Ab-Not contagious
HBs: Acute phase or chronic infection
Ab-Immunity
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Term
| How is Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C viruses typically spread? |
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Definition
B: Unprotected sex
C: IV drug use |
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Term
| What people are more likely to develop chronic infection with HepB |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Chronic: Alpha INF, Lamivudin, and Adefovir
HBIG
HepB (+) Preganancy: Passive Immunization |
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Term
| What classifies a hepB virus infection as chronic and what are the clinical syndromes of chronic HepB? |
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Definition
HBsAg in the blood for >6 months
Pres:
Asymptomatic
Chronic hepatitis w/ minimal damage
Chronic Active Hepatitis-Large inflammation |
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Term
What are the mechanisms by which HepB causes hepatocellular carcinoma?
What age group is most likely to get hepatocellular carcinoma from HepB? |
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Definition
Increased regeneration
DNA insertion
HBV X protein stimulates growth
Age: young children |
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Term
| Key features of HepD replication |
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Definition
mRNA encodes ribozymes
Ribozymes generate Delta antigen
Delta antigen associates HBsAg with HDV genome |
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Term
Which infection is more likely to produce cirrhosis HBV/HDV coinfection, or HBV carrier superinfection?
Which is most likely to cause acute fulminate cirrhosis? |
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Definition
HBV carrier w/ HDV superinfection-cirrhosis
HBV/HDV coinfection - Acute hepititis |
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Term
| Hep D diagnosis and treatment |
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Definition
DX
HDV delta antigen
HDV delta-Ab
HDV RNA
TX
Alpha-IFN |
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Term
Why is Hep C more likely to be transmitted through the blood?
Does Antibody confer immuity to HepC |
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Definition
Cell-association
Chronic HepC can still develop even if anti-body is formed |
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Term
| What is more severe in the acute infection Hep B or Hep C |
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Definition
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Term
| Diagnosis and treatment of Hep C |
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Definition
DX
Elisa
PCR confirmation
TX
Alpha Interferon
Ribavirin
No vaccine |
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Term
How is HepG transmitted?
What other viral infections is it associated with? |
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Definition
Blood products
HIV, HepB, HepC |
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Term
| How is HepE transmitted and what patients is it more pathogenic in? |
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Definition
Water borne(Oral-Fecal)
Pregnant women |
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Term
How is Yellow Fever Transmitted?
How does it cause damage?
Is there a vaccine? |
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Definition
Transmission: Mosquitos
Jungle cycles(Animal Reservior) and
Urban cycles(Human Reservior)
Damage: Cell-lysis
Live Attentuated Vaccine gives 10 year immunity |
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Term
| What Hepatitis viruses have a vaccine and what is the type used in each? |
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Definition
HepA: killed vaccine
HepB: Conjugaed with HepBsAg
Yellow Fever: Live Attenuated |
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Term
| Of Hepititis A, B, C and D, which is the only one that has multiple serotypes? |
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Definition
| Hepatitis C is the only one with multiple serotypes |
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