Term
| What are the Lab characteristic of H. pylori |
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Definition
Gram(-) Spiral rod
Microaerophilic
Motile
Urease, Catalase, Oxidase |
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Term
| How is H.pylori transmitted and what are the reserviors? |
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Definition
Human to Human
No reserviors |
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Term
| What are the pathologies caused by helicobacter |
|
Definition
Gastritis
Duodenal and Gastric Ulcers
Gastric Adenocarcinoma
MALT Lymphoma |
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Term
| What are the virulence factors for H. pylori |
|
Definition
Enzymes:
Urease,SOD/Catalase
Surface Molecules
Flagella
Type IV Secretion
Secreted Proteins
Mucinase
Acid Inhibitory Protein: blocks parietal cells
Neutrophil-Activating Protein: inflammation
Vacuolating Cytotoxin: epithelial destruction
CagA: alters Structure/Metabolism, Depolarizes(cancer?) |
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Term
| What are the factors leading to the spectrum of H.pylori infections |
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Definition
Repitoire of Virulence Factors
Host response
Environment: Smoking, Alcohol, NSAIDs |
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Term
What is the most sensitive test for H.pylori in an untreated, infected patient?
What other diagnostic tests can be used? |
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Definition
Urease Breath Test
Others:
Biopsy and Culture
Antigen in stool
Serology |
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Term
| What are the natural defenses of the GI |
|
Definition
Anaerobic
PH
Mucus
Bile
Enzymes
Antimicrobial Peptides
Normal Flora
Desquamation
Peristalsis |
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Term
How is a H. pylori treated?
What if patient is allergic to penicillins |
|
Definition
1 week with:
PPI
Amoxicillin
Chlarithromycin
If allergic: substitute Metronidazole for Amoxicillin |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of the cagA H. pylori protein? |
|
Definition
Injected by Type IV secretion system
Disrupts polarity, orientation, and proliferation
May be the cause of H. pylori cancer |
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