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GHSGT REVIEW ENGLISH
GHSGT REVIEW
140
English
11th Grade
01/18/2010

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
ACTIVE VOICE
Definition

This is used when the subject of a sentence performs the action.

Term
ADVERTISEMENT
Definition

This is a public announcement promoting a product or service.

Term
AESTHETIC
Definition

This has to do with the beauty of something rather than its usefulness.

Term
ALLEGORY
Definition

This is a story with two or more levels of meaning--a literal level and a symbolic level--in which events, setting, and characters are symbols for ideas or qualities.

Term
ALLITERATION
Definition

This is the repetition of initial consonant sounds at the beginnings of words.

Term
ALLUSION
Definition

This is the reference to a person, place, or event from history, literature, or religion with which a reader is likely to be familiar.

Term
ALMANAC
Definition

This is a magazine or book that contains weather forecasts, statistics, or other information of use or interest to readers.

Term
ANECDOTE
Definition

This is a brief story about an interesting incident.

Term
ANTONYM
Definition

This is a word or phrase that means the opposite of another word or phrase.

Term
APOSTROPHE
Definition

This is used to show the possessive form of a noun and is used to show that a letter or  letters have been left out of a contraction.

Term
APPOSITIVE
Definition

This is a word or phrase that identifies or explains the noun that it follows.

Term
ARGUMENTATION
Definition

This is the kind of writing that tries to persuade readers to accept an author's opinions.

Term
AUDIENCE
Definition

This is whoever will be reading or listening to a piece of work/speech.

Term
AUTOBIOGRAPHY
Definition

This is the story of a person's life written by that person.

Term
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Definition

This is a list of written works or other sources on a particular subject.

Term
BIOGRAPHY
Definition

The story of a person's life written by another person.

Term
BLANKVERSE
Definition

This is poetry written in unrhymed iambic pentameter.

Term
CAUSE AND EFFECT
Definition

This is the relationship between two or more events in which one event brings about another.

Term
CHARACTERIZATION
Definition

This is the combination of ways that an author shows readers what a person in a literary selection is like.

Term
CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
Definition

This is the arrangement of events in the order in which they occur.

Term
CLAUSE
Definition

This is a group of words that has a subject and a predicate. It can be dependent or independent.

Term
CLIMAX
Definition

This is the part of the plot where the conflict and tension reach a peak. It is the turning point of the plot.

Term
COHERENCE
Definition

This is writing that expresses ideas in a clear, logic way, where reasonable explanations are given or can be deduced by the reader from inference

Term
COLON
Definition

This is a punctuation mark used before a list of items or details, before a statement that  summarizes the original statement, before a long, formal quotation or statement, or in a business letter after the salutation.

Term
COMMA
Definition

This is a punctuation mark that may be used to indicate a pause, connection, separation, list or for

clarity or to show importance.

Term
CONCLUSION
Definition

This wraps up a piece of writing and reminds readers of the thesis.

Term
CONFLICT
Definition

This is the main problem in a literary work.

Term
CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB
Definition

This may be used with a semicolon to connect independent clauses and usually serves as a transition

between the clauses.

Term
CONNOTATION
Definition

This is the emotional feelings and associations that go beyond the dictionary definition of a word.

Term
CONTRACTION
Definition

This is a word formed by combining two words and adding an apostrophe where the letters are omitted.

Term
CONTROLLING IMAGE]
Definition

An image or metaphor that dominates a literary work, especially with respect to conveying a theme.

Term
CONVENTIONS
Definition

In writing, this is the trait to measure standard writing and the editing processes of spelling, punctuation, grammar, capitalization, and paraphrasing.

Term
CRITIQUE
Definition

This is a written or spoken evaluation of what is and is not effective in a literary work

Term
DECODE
Definition

This is when we analyze a spoken or written word to discover its pronunciation or meaning.

Term
DENOTATION
Definition

This is the dictionary definition of a word.

Term
DIALOGUE
Definition

These are the words spoken by characters in a literary

work.

Term
DIARY
Definition

This is a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations.

Term
DICTION
Definition

This is the writer's choice of words, including the vocabulary used, the appropriateness of the words, and

the vividness of the language.

Term
DICTIONARY
Definition

This is a reference book containing an alphabetical list of words, with information given for each word, usually including meaning, pronunciation, and

etymology.

Term
DRAFT
Definition

This is a preliminary version of a piece of writing.

Term
DRAMA
Definition

This is a story written to be performed by actors.

Term
DRAMATIC POEM
Definition

This is a poem that makes use of the techniques of drama. The speaker is clearly someone other than the poet. More than one character may speak.

Term
EDIT
Definition

This is to correct and/or revise a piece of writing.

Term
EDITORIAL
Definition

This is an article in a publication or a commentary on television or radio expressing the opinion of its editors,

publishers, station, or network.

Term
ENCYCLOPEDIA
Definition

This is a comprehensive reference work containing articles on a wide range of subjects or on numerous aspects of a particular field, usually arranged alphabetically.

Term
END NOTES
Definition

These are references or explanations that usually appear at the end of a document. They most often include a bibliography and a works cited page.

Term
END RHYME
Definition

This is the repetition of similar sounds that comes at the ends of lines of poetry.

Term
EPISTOLARY NOVEL
Definition

                         

This is a long story written as a letter.

Term
ESSAY
Definition

This is a short, nonfiction work about a particular subject.

Term
EXPOSITION
Definition

This is the part of the plot that introduces the characters, the setting, and the basic situation.

Term
FACT
Definition

This is a statement that can be proved to be true.

Term
FICTION
Definition

This is writing that tells about imaginary characters and events.

Term
FIXED FORM
Definition

This means traditional verse form, or a poem that

inherits from other poems certain familiar elements of

structure including an unvarying number of lines, rhyme,

meter, particular themes, tones, and other elements.

Term
FLUENCY
Definition

This is the ability to speak, read, or write a

language; automatic word recognition, decoding, and

checking for meaning.

Term
FORM
Definition

This is the structure into which a piece of literature is

organized.

Term
FORMAL LANGUAGE
Definition

This is used by writers of scholarly books. It usually has

longer sentences and a greater variety of words than

everyday speech. Slang, contractions, and jargon are

avoided.

Term
FREEVERSE
Definition

This is poetry written without a regular rhyme scheme,

meter, or form.

Term
GENDER
Definition

Traditionally, this has been used primarily to refer to

the grammatical categories of ‘masculine,’ ‘feminine,’

and ‘neuter.’

Term
GENRE
Definition
This is the category or type of literature.
Term
GERUND
Definition

This is a verb form ending in -ing that functions as a

noun.

Term
GRAMMAR
Definition

This is the structure of language and the rules that

go with it.

Term
HYPERBOLE
Definition
This is extreme exaggeration used in a literary work.
Term
HYPHEN
Definition

This is a punctuation mark used to divide or to

compound words or elements.

Term
IMPLIED MEANING
Definition

This is a suggested, but not stated, definition.

Term
INDEPENDENT CLAUSE
Definition

This is a group of words that states the main thought

of a sentence and is complete within itself.

Term
INFERENCE
Definition

This is reading between the lines. It is taking

something that you read and putting it together with

something that you already know to make sense of what

you read.

Term
INFINITIVE
Definition

This is always in the form of ’to’ + a verb-like word.

This verbal unit in a sentence actually acts as a noun,

adjective, or adverb, rather than a verb.

Term
INFORMAL LANGUAGE
Definition

This is what people use in everyday speech. It usually

consists of fairly short sentences and simple vocabulary.

Term
INTRODUCTION
Definition

This is the beginning of a written work that explains

what will be found in the main part.

Term
JOURNAL
Definition

This is a daily autobiographical account of events

and personal reactions

Term
LEGEND
Definition

This is a story about mythical beings or supernatural

events, usually originally told orally for generations

before being written down.

Term
LETTER
Definition

This is a written communication or message

addressed to a reader or readers that is usually sent by

mail.

Term
LITERATURE
Definition

This is the body of written works that includes prose

and poetry.

Term
MAIN IDEA
Definition

This is the central and most important idea of a

reading passage.

Term
MEDIA
Definition

This is the main means of mass communication.

Term
MEMO
Definition

This is an informal method of written

communication, often used in business settings.

Term
MEMOIR
Definition

This is an account of the personal experiences of an

author

Term
METAPHOR
Definition

This is a direct comparison of two unlike things

without using the words "like" or "as."

Term
METER
Definition

This is the rhythm or regular sound pattern in a

piece of poetry.

Term
METONYMY
Definition

This is a figure of speech in which one word or phrase

is substituted for another with which it is closely

associated.

Term
MINIMALISM
Definition

This is the use of the fewest and barest essentials or

elements in literature

Term
MONOLOGUE
Definition

This is a long, uninterrupted speech by a character

in a play, story, or poem.

Term
MOOD
Definition

This is the feeling that an author wants readers to

have while reading.

Term
MOTIVATION
Definition

This is the wants, needs, or beliefs that cause a

character to act or react in a particular way.

Term
NARRATIVE POEM
Definition
This tells a story in verse.
Term
NONFICTION
Definition

This is factual writing that presents and explains ideas

or that tells about real people, places, objects, or events.

Term
NOVEL
Definition

This is a long work of fiction. It has a complicated

plot, many characters, a significant theme, and varied

settings.

Term
OBJECT
Definition

This is never the subject, but always a noun, in a

sentence it can be either direct or indirect.

Term
ONOMATOPOEIA
Definition

This is the use of words that sound like the noises they

describe.

Term
OPINION
Definition

This is a statement that reflects a writer's belief about

a topic , and it cannot be proved.

Term
PARADOX
Definition

This is a statement that seems absurd or

contradictory but expresses a truth.

Term
PARAPHRASE
Definition

This is the restatement of a written work in one's own

words that keeps the basic meaning of the original work.

Term
PARODY
Definition

This is a humorous imitation of a literary work that

exaggerates or distorts the characteristic features of the

original.

Term
PASSIVE VOICE
Definition

This is used when the subject of a sentence receives

the action instead of doing it.

Term
PASTORAL
Definition

This is a literary or other artistic work that portrays or

evokes rural life, usually in an idealized way.

Term
PERIODICAL
Definition

This is a publication issued at regular intervals of

more than one day.

Term
PERSONIFICATION
Definition

This is a type of figurative language in which human

qualities are given to nonhuman things.

Term
PERSUASIVE TEXT
Definition

This attempts to convince a reader to adopt a

particular opinion or course of action.

Term
PLOT
Definition

This is the series of events that happen in a literary

work.

Term
PLURAL
Definition

This indicates more than one person, place, thing, or

idea.

Term
POEM
Definition

This is an arrangement of words in verse. It

sometimes rhymes, and expresses facts, emotions, or

ideas in a style more concentrated, imaginative and

powerful than that of ordinary speech.

Term
POETRY
Definition

This is the third major type of literature in addition to

drama and prose.

Term
POINT OF VIEW
Definition

This is the perspective from which a story is told.

Term
POSSESSIVE PRONOUN
Definition

This is a word that takes the place of noun and shows

ownership.

Term
PREFIX
Definition

This can be added to the beginning of a word to

change the word's meaning

Term
PRIMARY SOURCE
Definition

This is an original document or firsthand account.

Term
PRONOUN
Definition

This is a word that takes the place of a noun.

Term
PROOFREAD
Definition

This is the process of making marks on a written

document to correct errors.

Term
PROPAGANDA
Definition

This is an extreme form of persuasion intended to

prejudice and incite the reader or listener to action

either for or against a particular cause or position.

Term
PUBLISHER
Definition

This is an institution or organization that prints and

releases written work.

Term
PUNCTUATION
Definition

This is the system of standardized marks in written

language to clarify meaning.

Term
RISING ACTION
Definition

This is the part of the plot where the conflict and

suspense build.

Term
ROOT WORD
Definition

This is a word related in origin, as certain words in

genetically related languages descended from the same

ancestral root. It is the part of the word after all affixes

have been removed.

Term
SCENE
Definition

This is a small division of a play that usually

happens in a particular time and place.

Term
SECONDARY SOURCE
Definition

This is a commentary on an original document or

firsthand account.

Term
SEMICOLON
Definition

This is a punctuation mark that is used between

clauses of a compound sentence when a conjunction is

not used, before conjunctive adverbs that join

independent clauses, and in a series when the series

already contains commas.

Term
SEQUENTIAL ORDER
Definition

This is the chronological, or time, order of events in a

reading passage.

Term
SETTING
Definition

This is the time and place in which a literary work

happens.

Term
SIMILE
Definition

This is a comparison of two unlike things using the

terms "like" or "as".

Term
SONNET
Definition

This is a fourteen-line lyric poem, usually written in

rhymed iambic pentameter.

Term
SPEECH
Definition

This is an article in a publication or a commentary on

television or radio expressing the opinion of its editors,

publishers, station, or network.

Term
STANZA
Definition

This is a group of related lines in a poem, similar to a

paragraph in prose.

Term
STRATEGY
Definition

This is any kind of mental action used by a student to

comprehend and make meaning out of a reading text.

Term
STYLE
Definition

This is the way an author expresses ideas through

the use of kinds of words, literary devices, and sentence

structure.

Term
SUBPLOT
Definition

This is a secondary plot in a work of literature that

either explains or helps to develop the main plot.

Term
SUFFIX
Definition

This can be added to the end of a word to change the

word's meaning.

Term
SYNECDOCHE
Definition

A figure of speech in which a part is used for the

whole, the whole for a part, the specific for the general,

the general for the specific, or the material for the thing

made from it.

Term
SYNONYM
Definition

This is a word or phrase that has the same or almost

the same meaning as another word or phrase.

Term
SYNTAX
Definition

This refers to the ordering of elements in a sentence.

Term
TENSE SHIFT
Definition

This is when a passage begins as happening in one

particular time and then goes to another time without

warning and for no reason.

Term
TEXT
Definition

This is the main body of a piece of writing or any of

the various forms in which writing exiists, such as a book,

a poem, an article, or a short story.

Term
THESAURUS
Definition
This is a book of synonyms.
Term
THESIS STATEMENT
Definition

This is the way in which the main idea of a literary

work is expressed, usually as a generalization that is

supported with concrete evidence.

Term
TONE
Definition

This is the attitude that an author takes toward the

audience, the subject, or a character.

Term
TOPIC SENTENCE
Definition

This is a one-sentence summary of a paragraph's

main point.

Term
TRANSCRIPT
Definition

This documentation is the record in printed form of

what was said.

Term
UNDERSTATEMENT
Definition

This is used by a writer to show restraint or lack of

emphasis in expression, as for rhetorical effect.

Term
VERB
Definition

This is a word that denotes action, occurrence or

existence.

Term
VERB TENSE
Definition

This indicates the time of the action or state of

being.

Term
WORD CHOICE
Definition

This is another way of saying ’diction.’ This can help

reveal a) the tone of the work, b) connotations of

meaning, and/or c) his style of writing.

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