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| a specialty within nursing practice where the clients are older persons |
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| An injury resulting from a medical intervention |
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| Adverse Drug Reaction - Any noxious effect of a drug |
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| An event in which the person is more likely than not to develop a disease. |
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| an additional incidence of disease that occurs with another disease |
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| A condition or state of a person who has functional decline and/or is based on several specific physiological parameters |
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| One or more symptoms with high prevalance in geriatrics, multiple diseases and multiple risk factors. |
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| "brought forth by a healer". state of ill health or adverse event, nosocomial cascade. Increases more severe effects on health of pt. brought on by medical intervention applied to solve the previous 1. |
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| concerned w/ social aspects of aging. Seeks to know how biological aging influences social aspects of aging |
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| helping older people & families maintain well-being, overcome problems, & achieve max potential during later life |
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| study of pharmacology as it relates to older adults |
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| Combination of financial planning and services with a special expertise in the needs of older adults. |
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| Gerontological Nursing as a subfield of gerontology |
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| Involves nurses advocating for the health of older persons at all levels of prevention. |
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| Gerontological Rehabilitation Nursing |
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| Assists older adults to regain and maintain the highest level of function and independence possilbe. Combo of gerontological nursing & rehabilitation |
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| factors in development of attitudes towards aging & aged |
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| family, friends, neighbors, media & personal experience w/ older adults. A product of environment and experiences exposed to. |
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| Geri-Nurse Role: Provider of Care |
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| direct, hands-on care. Incl. knowledge of risk factors, s&s, usual medical treatment, rehab, & end of life care. |
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| teaching on modifiable risk factors & health promotion |
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| balances concerns of pt. family, nursing & rest of interdisciplinary team. Skilled in leadearship, time management, blding relationships, communications and managing change |
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| Geri-Nurse Role: Advocate |
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| acts on their behalf to promote their best interest, strengthen autonomy & decision making. Empower to remain independent & retain dignity. |
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| Geri-Nurse Role: Research Consumer |
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| put into practice results of reliable & valid studies; to improve quality of care in best methods poss. |
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| Counselor, Case Manager, Coordinator of Services, Collaborator, Geriatric Care Manager |
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Geri-Nurse Scope of Practice-
ANA Normal Standards: (ADOPIE) |
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| Assessment, diagnosis, Outcome identification, Planning, Implementation, and Evaluation. |
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Geri-Nurse Scope of Practice-
Gerontological: (QP,REC,REC) |
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Quality of Care, Performance appraisals,
Research, Education, Collegiality,
Research Utilization, Ethics, Collaboration |
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| ANCC (American Nurses Credentialing Center) offers 2 advanced practice cert. exams. what are they? |
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GCNS-BC (clinical specialist in Gen Nursing.
GNP-BC (Geri-Nurse Practitioner) |
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| AACN Essential Core Competencies |
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Critical Thinking
Communication
Assessment
Technical Skills |
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| "Point of Entry" Focus on acute problems. Inpatient care is to promote recovery and prevent complications |
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| Subacute care: transitional care and long-term care facilities. Goal: maximize independence & function, prevent complications, promote quality of life w/in one's strengths and limitations. MUST BE ABLE TO TOLERATE 3 HOURS OF THERAPY PER DAY |
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| For homebound due to severity of illness or immobility. Must be ordered by Doc & pt. must be considered homebound. |
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| Folks of any age have lost some or all of their capacity for self-care due to illness, disability, or dementia. Residents require 24-hr nursing care. We maintain functional & nutritional status; prevent compl. of impaired mobility. |
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| Skilled Nursing Facilities |
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| More intensive than long-term care. Usually specially designated units w/in long-term care facilities. Typical: non-healing wounds, chronic vent dependence, renal prob, IV therapy, coma management, complex med/rehab prob |
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| Specialized units. Goal: preserve functional status fostering self-worth & socialization |
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| holistic, interdisciplinary care that helps 'em "live until they die." Pain management & comfort care standard base treatment |
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| Provides caregivers w/ temporary, intermittent, substitute care allowing for a BREAK |
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| Provides caregivers w/ temporary, intermittent, substitute care allowing for a BREAK |
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| Continuing Care Retirement Community (CCRC) |
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| Continuum of care from independent living to skilled care |
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| Most frequently occurring conditions of elderly in 2005? |
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Hypertension (48%)
Arthritis (47%)
Heart Disease
Cancer
Diabetes |
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| alternative for those who don't feel safe living alone, wishing to live in a community setting, or need help w/ ADLs |
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| Conceived by Dr. William Thomas. Helps w/ ADLs & clinical care w/o it being the focus of existence. Clusters of houses w/ 8-10 residents in each. |
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| percentage of Americans 65+ |
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| # of elderly Americans in 2005 by gender |
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21.6 million women (42% married)
15.7 million men (72% married) |
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| median income for 65+ whites |
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| Major source of income for elderly |
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Poverty Rate for elderly?
Elderly Men
Elderly Women |
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Elderly in general: 9.4%
Elderly Men: 6.6%
Elderly Women: 11.5%
Those living alone are poorer than those living w/ families. |
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| Twice as likely as whites to have diabetes. Men have higher rates of lung and prostate cancer. |
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| Twice as likely as whites to have diabetes. Men have higher rates of lung and prostate cancer. |
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| Less likely to obtain preventive services. Top 5 killers: heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD, & pneumonia/flu. |
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| Asians & Pacific Islanders |
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| Live longer. Top 5 killers: heart disease, cancer, stroke, COPD & pneumonia/flu. |
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| American Indians & Alaskan Natives |
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| 2.5 times more likely to get diabetes. Heart disease is leading cause of death due to a rise in risk factors |
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| 7 Sociological Theories of Aging |
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| Activity, Disengagement, Subculture, Continuity, Age stratification, Person-Environment-Fit, Gerotranscendence |
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| 5 Psychological Theories of Aging |
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Human needs, Individualism,
Stages of personality development
Life-course/lifespan development
Selective optimization w/ compensation |
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| Successful Aging- Psychosocial: |
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| acceptance of death, life, satisfaction, feelings of well-being. |
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| Successful Aging- Biomedical: |
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| avoidance of disease and disability |
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| Successful Aging- An achievement of: |
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a sense of autonomy, dignity, and absence of suffering.
an adaptive process. social function and feelings of well-being valued more than physical & psychosocial well-being. |
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| Everything in moderation, regular exercise, strong relationships, ability to deal w/ stress, fewer chronic diseases, no smoking, little to no alcohol, Always have something to look Forward to. |
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| Biological Theories of Aging- Stochastic: |
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Free radical theory
Orgel/error theory
Wear & Tear theory
Connective tissue/cross-linked theory |
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| Biological Theories of Aging- Nonstochastic: |
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Programmed theory
Gene/biological clock theory
Neuroendocrine theory
Immunological theory |
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| Nursing Theories of Aging |
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Functional consequences theory
Theory of thriving |
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| Process of Aging from a Psychosocial view: |
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| behavior, personality and attitude change. Development viewed as a lifelong process characterized by transitions. |
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| Process of Aging from a Biological view: |
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| Physiologic process changes w/ aging. molecular level in cells, tissues & body systems. Body-mind interaction. biochemical processes. Chromosomal impact on overall process. |
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| decline in info processing speed, divided attention, sustained attention, visuospatial task abilities, & short-term memory |
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| reported levels of satisfaction are similar to those of younger adults |
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| Sensorimotor changes- Vision: |
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Lense yellows. can't distinguish green/blue.
Pupils don't dilate completely = dim light difficulty. Decrease in amount of light hitting retina.
Poor acuity/clarity- ability to identify objects at a distance declines
Presbyopia "old eyes" can't focus close up |
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conductive probs, sensorineural probs, presbycusis. Lose sensitivity to pitch w/ high frequency consonants. poor word recognition.
sound waves blocked from outer canal to inner ear.
wave transmission interrupted from inner ear to cortex of brain=damage to cochlea &/or auditory nerve. |
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| 4th ranked chronic disability in older adults. Hearing high-pitched tones and a decrease in speech discrimination |
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| Decreased Respiration, increased mucus, decreased saliva, tooth-loss, decreased elasticity & muscle tone. = Shaky, breathy voice, throat clearing, articulation/semantic errors. |
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| reduction in # of receptors, blood flow, tactile & vibration sensation, sensitivity to warm and cold stimuli |
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