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Geosci 1
first exam
55
Geology
Undergraduate 4
02/10/2009

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Cards

Term
Blue Light
Definition
High Frequency
Term
Red Light
Definition
Low Frequency
Term
Hubble's Law
Definition
Ho=velocity/distance
Term
Perseid Variables (stars)
Definition
1)variable intensity
2)relative intensity measured by telescope
3)distance from comparison of absolute and relative intensity and 1/r^(2) fraction
4)absolute intensity calculated from periodic variation
Term
Age of the universe
Definition
13.7Gya
Term
time 0
Definition
universe is pure energy
Term
time 10^(-43)
Definition
gravity seperates
Term
time 10^(-36)
Definition
quarks and electrons form
Term
time 10^(-12)
Definition
quarks acquire mass
Term
time 10^(-6)
Definition
quarks cool to form hadrons
Term
time 3min
Definition
Nuceli of H and He form
Term
Time 300K years
Definition
first light appears
Term
200 million years ago
Definition
first stars
Term
evolution of stars
Definition
nebula protostar main sequence star red supergiant supernove exploion to either black hole or neutron star
Term
elements are scattered by
Definition
steller winds and supernovae
Term
Hadean Eon
Definition
4.5 to 4 Ga HELL ON EARTh
Term
What factors led to the heating of Earthis interior
Definition
differentiation
Term
Where did the water that fills the oceans come from
Definition
the expulsion of water vapor during continual volcanic eruptions
Term
An increase in oxygen in Earth's early atomosphere woyld inhibit
Definition
the development of an ozone layer in earths atmosphere
Term
layers of earth inside out
Definition
solid iron inner core
liquid iron outer core
mantle
crust
Term
the identity of an element is determined by
Definition
the number of protons
Term
core composition
Definition
FE
Term
mantle composition
Definition
O Si Mg
Term
Crust Composition
Definition
O Si Al
Term
definition of a rock
Definition
a collection of minerals
Term
mineral
Definition
crystalline homogeneuos solid, definite chemical composition, inorganic, occurs naturally
Term
ionic bonds
Definition
electrons are swapped
Term
covalent bonds
Definition
electrons are shared
Term
polymorph
Definition
same formula different structure
Term
polymers
Definition
make a volcanoe deadly
Term
igneous rocks
Definition
cool from molten magma at 1100C to 650 C
Term
adding volatiles to hot dry rocks
Definition
dramatically lowers melting temps
Term
liquid magma is made of
Definition
Si O
Term
basalt flow
Definition
runny
Term
andersite flow
Definition
thicker
Term
rhyolite flow
Definition
thickest
Term
Aa
Definition
slow moving lava
Term
cinder cone
Definition
big dent in volcano opening
Term
stoping
Definition
is a process accommodating the ascent of magmatic bodies from their sources in the mantle (geology) or lower crust to the surface
Term
magma tends to rise toawrds the suraface
Definition
because magma contains kighter elemnts than the surrounding ricks
Term
lapilli
Definition
falls out of the air during volcanic erupution
Term
peles air
Definition
low viscosity lavas
Term
peles tears
Definition
airborn particles fuse together in tearshapes
Term
pyroclastic flow OR NUEE ARDENTE
Definition
superheated gaaes that travel over 300 kn/hr at temps from 200-450C
Term
Lahrar
Definition
volcanic mudflow or landslide
Term
fissure
Definition
a crack like volcano
Term
pluton
Definition
intrusive igneous body that measures 10m to 10kms in extent
Term
batholith
Definition
intrusive igneous rock that is larger than 10 km in extent
Term
sill
Definition
igneous intrusive that runs parallel to rock
Term
dike
Definition
AN IGNEOUS INTRUSION THAT CUTS ACROSS BEDDING
Term
WEATHERING
Definition
disintergration near the surface
Term
eroision
Definition
disintegration by transporation
Term
goldrich rules of weathering
Definition
iron rich minearls weather fast silica rich minerals wather slowly
Term
soil profile
Definition
O(organic), A(organic and mineral matter, e(zone of leeching), b(zone of accumultaion), c(partially altered parent material)
Term
slump
Definition
example variation in road
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