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Geometry Chapter 1-4
Concepts, Procedures, and Vocabulary for Chapters 1-4
100
Mathematics
10th Grade
12/16/2013

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Term
acute angle
Definition
an angle whose measure is greater than 0 and less than 90
Term
angle
Definition
made up of two rays with a common endpoint.
Term
bisect
Definition
A point (or segment, ray, or line) that divides a segment into two congruent segments
Term
chain rule
Definition
If p => q and q => r, then p => r
Term
collinear
Definition
Points that lie on the same line
Term
conclusion
Definition
The "then" part of the sentence
Term
conditional statement
Definition
"If p, then q" where p and q are declarative statements.
Term
congruent angles
Definition
angles that have the same measure
Term
congruent segments
Definition
segments that have the same length
Term
contrapositive
Definition
If ~q, then ~p
Term
converse
Definition
q => p
Term
counterexample
Definition
when a conclusion is false
Term
deductive structure
Definition
a system of thought in which conclusions are justified by means of previously assumed or proved statements
Term
definition
Definition
states the meaning of a term or idea
Term
endpoint
Definition
a segment is named in terms
Term
hypothesis
Definition
The "if" part of the sentence
Term
implication
Definition
"If p, then q"
Term
intersection
Definition
vertex of a triangle
Term
inverse
Definition
If ~p, the ~q
Term
line
Definition
made up of points and are straight
Term
line segment
Definition
made up of points and are straight
Term
measure
Definition
the amount of turning you would do if you were at the vertex, looking along one side, and then turned to look long the other side
Term
midpoint
Definition
the bisection point
Term
minute
Definition
each degree of an angle is divided
Term
negation
Definition
the statement "not p"
Term
noncollinear
Definition
points that do not lie on the same line
Term
number line
Definition
a numerical value is assigned to each point on a line
Term
obtuse angle
Definition
an angle whose measure is greater than 90 and less than 180
Term
paragraph proof
Definition
proofs in journals, more-advanced mathematics courses and other areas of study
Term
point
Definition
represented by dots
Term
postulate
Definition
an unproved assumption
Term
probability
Definition
knowledge that is obviously important
Term
protractor
Definition
angles are commonly measured by means
Term
ray
Definition
like lines and segments, are made up of points and are straight
Term
right angle
Definition
an angle whose measure is 90
Term
second
Definition
each minute of an angle is divided
Term
segment
Definition
like lines, made up of points and are straight
Term
straight angle
Definition
an angle whose measure is 180
Term
theorem
Definition
a mathematical statement that can be proved
Term
tick mark
Definition
indicate congruent angles and segments
Term
triangle
Definition
has three segments as its sides
Term
trisect
Definition
two points (or segments,rays, lines) that divide a segment into three congruent segments
Term
trisection points
Definition
the two points at which the segment is divided
Term
two-column proof
Definition
the major type of proof you will use to study in this book
Term
union
Definition
the triangle
Term
Venn diagram
Definition
A useful tool for determining whether or not a conditional statement is true or false
Term
vertex
Definition
the common endpoint of the angle
Term
complement
Definition
each of the two angles whose sum is 90 (a right angle)
Term
complementary angles
Definition
two angles whose sum is 90 (a right angle)
Term
coordinates
Definition
The values of x and y in the pair
Term
oblique lines
Definition
When two lines intersect and are not perpendicular
Term
opposite rays
Definition
Two collinear rays that have a common endpoint and extend in different directions
Term
origin
Definition
The intersection of the axes
Term
perpendicular
Definition
lines, rays, or segments that intersect at right angles
Term
substitute
Definition
solve for a variable and then switch the value you found for that variable
Term
substitution
Definition
if 1 is comp. to 2 and 2=3 then 1 is comp to 3
Term
supplement
Definition
Each of the two angles whose sum is 180
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
two angles whose sum is 180
Term
vertical angles
Definition
two angle where the rays forming the sides of one and the rays forming the sides of the other are opposite rays
Term
x-axis
Definition
the horizontal line in the coordinate plane
Term
y-axis
Definition
the vertical line in the coordinate plane
Term
acute triangle
Definition
a triangle in which all angles are acute
Term
altitude
Definition
a line segment drawn from any vertex of the triangle to the opposite side, extended if necessary, and perpendicular to that side
Term
auxiliary line
Definition
Additions to diagrams
Term
base
Definition
In Triangle DEF, Segment EF
Term
base angles
Definition
In Triangle DEF, Angle E and Angle F
Term
congruent polygons
Definition
all pairs of corresponding parts are congruent
Term
congruent triangles
Definition
all pairs of corresponding parts are congruent
Term
equiangular triangle
Definition
a triangle in which all angles are congruent
Term
equilateral triangle
Definition
a triangle in which all sides are congruent
Term
hypotenuse
Definition
The side opposite the right angle
Term
included
Definition
Angle H by the sides Segment GH and Segment HJ
Term
isosceles triangle
Definition
a triangle in which at least two sides are congruent
Term
leg
Definition
Segment DE and Segment DF of the isosceles triangle
Term
median
Definition
a line segment drawn from any vertex of the triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side
Term
obtuse triangle
Definition
a triangle in which one of the angles is an obtuse angle
Term
reflection
Definition
Triangle KET of Triangle KIT over Segment KT
Term
Reflexive Property
Definition
Whenever a side or an angle is shared by two figures, we can say that the side or angle is congruent to itself
Term
right triangle
Definition
a triangle in which one of the angles is a right angle
Term
rotate
Definition
Triangle FGH onto Triangle LKH about H
Term
scalene triangle
Definition
a triangle in which no two sides are congruent
Term
slide
Definition
PQRST onto VWXYZ
Term
vertex angle
Definition
Angle D in Triangle DEF
Term
alternate exterior angles
Definition
a pair of angles formed by two lines and a transversal
Term
alternate interior angles
Definition
a pair of angles formed by two lines and a transversal
Term
coplanar
Definition
lie in the same plane
Term
corresponding angles
Definition
a pair of angles formed by two lines and a transversal
Term
detour proof
Definition
to prove more than one pair of triangles congruent
Term
distance
Definition
the length of the shortest path joining them
Term
equidistant
Definition
if two points P and Q are the same distance from a third point X
Term
exterior
Definition
The rest of the plane
Term
interior
Definition
the region between lines d and b
Term
midpoint formula
Definition
can be used to find the coordinates of the midpoint of any segment in the coordinate plane
Term
noncoplanar
Definition
do not lie in the same plane
Term
opposite reciprocal
Definition
the relationship between the slopes of two perpendicular lines
Term
parallel lines
Definition
two coplanar lines that do not intersect
Term
perpendicular bisector
Definition
the line that bisects and is perpendicular to the segment
Term
plane
Definition
a surface such that if any two points on the surface are connected by a line
Term
slope
Definition
the formula m=(y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
Term
transversal
Definition
a line that intersects two coplanar lines in two distinct points
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