Term
| Where are earthquakes most common? |
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Definition
| Mountain belts, mid ocean ridges, southern eurasia, along the west coast of the americas |
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Term
| Where are volcanoes most common? |
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Definition
| Oceanic islands, mid ocean ridges, red sea and east africa, island arcs next to trenches |
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Term
| Do earthquakes, volcanism, and mountain building qualify as tectonic activity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do belts of tectonic activity divide the lithosphere into? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe divergent, convergent, and transform boundaries |
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Definition
divergent: move apart
convergent: move toward eachother
transform: move horizontally past each other |
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Term
| What happens when continents drift apart? (divergent boundary) |
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Definition
| Initial uplift from rising mantle; stretching and faulting form rift and melting forms magma; can lead to seafloor spreading and new ocean basin; ocean widens with spreading |
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Term
| What drives plates to move? |
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Definition
| slab pull; ridge push; convection of mantle |
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Term
| What is an oceanic divergent boundary? |
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Definition
| both sides of boundaries are oceanic. oceanic boundaries separating creates a rift. magma rises through the fractures. (the rift is a volcano) |
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Term
| What is an ocean ocean convergent boundary? |
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Definition
| a trench forms, creating an accretionary prism, the slab created by the prism releases the water which causes the mantle to melt. This causes eruptions from the volcanic islands. |
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Term
| What is the Pacific ring of fire? |
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Definition
| A ring of volcanoes; oceanic plates are subducted on both sides; spreading in east pacific rises |
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Term
| Explain what subduction causes beneath oceanic and continental plates. |
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Definition
subduction beneath oceanic plates causes island arcs (japan)
subduction beneath continental plates causes mountain belts with volcanoes (Andes) |
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Term
| Explain continent-continent convergence |
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Definition
| two continents collide. subduction of oceanic part of plate. |
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Term
| Explain transform boundary |
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Definition
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Term
| Which plate boundaries have the fastest rates of movement in centimeters |
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Definition
| North American and Pacific (west coast); Nazca and Pacific; Cocos and Pacific; Pacific and Australian-indian |
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Term
| What drives plates to move? |
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Definition
| slab pull; ridge push; convection in mantle |
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Term
| Describe the age of rocks relative to the ridge they are found near. |
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Definition
Old rocks are found farther away from ridge.
New rocks found closer to ridge. |
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