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| Materials composing Earth and seeks to understand the many processes that operate beneath and upon it's surface |
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| Understand the origin of Earth and it's development through time. |
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The concept that the Earth was shaped by catastrophic events of a short-term nature.
Notes
-Past Processes
-no longer operate today
-big or fast
-ones that operated beyond law of physics and chemist |
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Physical, Chemical , and biological laws that operate today also perated in teh geologic past
-"the present is the key to the past"
Notes
-Usually gradual but can be big and fast
-Obvious explanation |
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| Events are placed in their proper sequence or order without knowing their age in years. |
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Layers of sedimentary rocks or lava flows the youngerst layer is on top, and the oldest is on the bottom (assuming that nothing has turned the layers upside down)
-Does not tell age |
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| Principle of fossil succession |
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| states the fossil organisms succeed one anohter in a definite and determinable order, time perior can be recognized by it's fossil content |
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Well-tested and widely accepted view that the scientific community agrees best explains certain observable facts.
After a Hypothesis has faced scrutiny and competing models have been eliminated it then is a Theory |
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Theories with very high degree of confidence and widley documented
Example: Plate Tectonics |
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| (water) Is the dynamic mass of liquid that is continually on the move. |
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(air)Earth is surrounded by a life giving gaseous envelope called the atmosphere.
Gives us air and protects us from the sun rays |
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| Includes all life on earth |
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| Lying beneath the atomospere and the oceans is the solid earth, or geosphere. Surface-Center of the planet |
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| Is all the spheres studied as a whole |
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| Bodies of our solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud |
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| What are the sources of energy that drive the earth system? |
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Definition
1. Sun
2. Earth's Interior
3. Gravity |
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| When did the Big bang happen? |
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| Name and Describe the 4 layers of the earth |
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Crust- Thin layer outer skin, soild rocky
Mantle - 82 percent of the earth, soild rock shell
outer core- Liquid layer
Inner Core- solid, stronger than outer core |
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| Earths rigid outer shell (lithosphere) is broken inot nemerous slabs calle plates, which are in contiual motion (continents move apart 2 inches per year) |
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| Natually occuring inorganic soild that possesses an orderly crytalline structure and a definite chemical compostion. |
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| Is any solid mass of mineral, or mineral like, matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet |
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| Same as the number of protons |
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| Neutrons + protons= mass number |
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| Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons |
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| Metalic vs Non metalic: wether it's shiny or not |
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| What Eight Elements make up_______% of the Earth? |
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| Oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium, and magnesium make up 98 percent of the earth |
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| Name the 3 common radioactive decays |
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1. Emission of Alpha particles from neucleus
2. Emission of Beta particles( or electrons) from nucleus
3. Capture of electrons by the nucleus |
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