Term
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Definition
Fine grained, composed of quartz, called flint
Forms when microcrystals of quartz grow within soft sediments |
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Term
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Definition
Silt and clay sized particles, fine powder, quartz, mica, clay material
Forms in low energy environments where water or wind is enough to allow particles to accumulate |
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Term
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Definition
Sand sized particles, quartz and felds
Moderate energy environment where wind or water sweeps away materials |
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Term
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Definition
Sedimentary rock that contains large sedimentary clasts
Must have a strong water current to transport large particles |
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Term
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Definition
Clastic sedimentary rock composed of large angular fragments, spaces filled with mineral cement
Forms where broken angular fragments of rock or mineral debris accumulate |
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Term
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Definition
Made of calcite, reacts with HCl, fossils are common, biochemical rock
Precipitates chemically or biochemically from water |
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Term
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Definition
Reacts with HCl, coquina shells
Precipitates chemically or biochemically from water |
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Term
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Definition
Flaky, dull, organic sedimentary rock, compressed peat, lowest rank of coal, most volatile, recognizable plants
Forms from accumulation and preservation of plant material |
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Term
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Definition
Organic sedimentary rock, compressed peat, highest rank of coal
Formed from plant materials, low in oxygen, becomes bituminous when a lower grade coal is subject to organic metamorphism |
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Term
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Definition
Shale
regional metamorphism
low thermal metamorphism
smooth, cleavage breaks, slightly shiny, gray black or red, mountains |
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Term
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Definition
Shale
regional
low
lustrous, fine grained mica, clay crystals, mountains
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Term
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Definition
Shale
regional
medium
large mica crystals all going in the same direction, can be seen with the naked eye, mountains |
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Term
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Definition
Shale
regional
high
banding and alternating layers of light and dark materials, white or pink bands, mountains |
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Term
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Definition
Sandstone
contact/ regional
sandy texture, thermal body |
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Term
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Definition
Limestone
contact/ regional
will fizz with acid, thermal body |
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Term
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Definition
Bituminous coal
contact/ regional
low grade metamorphism of bituminous coal
high luster and semi conchadal fracture, thermal body |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
felsic
light color
fine texture
volcanic, rapids cooling at surface |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
felsic
light color
coarse texture
plutonic, cools slowly, underground |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
mafic
dark color
fine texture
volcanic, cools rapidly near earth's surface |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
mafic
dark color
coarse texture
plutonic, cools slowly |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
felsic
light color
mixed texture
plutonic, slow cooling at depth, 2 cooling stages |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
felsic
dark
iron oxides
amophous
volcanic, rapid cooling at surface |
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Term
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Definition
Igneous
felsic
light color
amorphous texture
volcanic, rapid cooling at surface |
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