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non-point source pollution |
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no single location of pollution |
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examples of non-point source pollution |
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agricultural runoff, vehicle exhausts |
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Examples of point source pollution |
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Smokestacks, waste pipes into streams |
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Area where there is most pollution in US |
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Rust belt for both kinds, Rocky mountains for nonpoint-source |
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fine, respirable solids in the air |
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participate in chemical reactions |
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Supreme Court limited sulfur emissions to 20 tons/day in summer |
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great London smog of 1952 |
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killed 4,000 people; positive feedback loop |
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–Transportation. –Electricity. –Industrial. |
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sources of particulate pollution |
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–Construction. –Natural. –Agricultural. |
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sulfur, nitrogen, carbonic acid |
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primary agent in acid rain |
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way to clean up acidified lakes |
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photochemical reactions, produces ozone |
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cannot have ozone too close to the surface-problem with smog |
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where do CFC's come from? |
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developed for refrigeration and air conditioning |
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working fluid for carrying heat |
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average earth temperature |
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avg earth temperature without greenhouse gases |
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examples of greenhouse gases |
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must abundant absorptive greenhouse gas |
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water is in________with the atmosphere |
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there will never be a ________ in atmospheric water |
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human activities have risen, caused co2 emissions to rise |
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low temperatures have a ___ O18/O16 ratio |
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high temperatures have a __O18/O16 ratio |
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When we plot co2 and temperature they: |
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A-F? CO2 causes a greenhouse effect. |
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A/F: CO2 levels have increased over the last 100+ years. |
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A/F: Too much CO2 will raise global temperatures. |
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A/F: How much of the CO increase is anthropogenic. |
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A/F: How much CO2 is needed to raise temperatures. |
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A/F: How high must temperatures get to be damaging. |
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T/F stopping all co2 production is fairly easy economically and politically |
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How much garbage does NYC produce in a year? |
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What was the name of NYC’s only landfill and when did it close? |
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What state currently accepts most of NYC’s solid waste? |
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San Francisco’s recycling rate |
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How long are modern landfill liners supposed to last? |
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purpose of modern sanitary landfills |
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where NYC used to put their waste |
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problem with modern landfills |
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waste isolation prevents decomposition |
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no liquid in or out excess leachate creates a bathtub effect leaks are inevitable old, sealed landfills are not entirely stable operations are costly |
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T/F Recycling is a new idea |
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false- industries always used recycling within themselves; T in the sense that it is new for te public to do |
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how much municipal waste is reusable? |
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How much processing pollution does aluminum recycling reduce? |
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What does compost produce? |
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Heat and fertilizer during decomposition |
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AKA CERCLA (comprehensive environmental response compensation liability act); pinpoints list of hazardous sites; made in 1980 |
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Spontaneous, random decay of unstable atomic nuclei. |
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Any energy that is emitted. |
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high energy, alpha and beta rays, neutrons. |
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much lower energy; Visible light, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet |
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amount of low radioactive waste |
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amount of medium radioactive waste |
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amount of high radioactive waste |
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Use of Yucca Mountain should start in what year? |
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secondary sewage treatment |
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process of nutrients stimulate algae |
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movement of carbon is called |
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T/F remediating groundwater is quite expensive |
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way to measure health of a stream |
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