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Cooled on the earth's surface |
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Mineral crystals replace each other as a rock cools |
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visible crystals, internal cooling |
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crystals not visible, cooled very rapidly on the earth's surface |
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some crystals formed, and then the rock was expelled and cooled very rapidly |
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igneous intrusive rock that forms under the earth, displacing existing rock layers |
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sheet intrusion that cuts across existing layers |
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horizontal sheet intrusion |
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high viscosity, ropy lava |
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rough, rubbly surface (very high viscosity) |
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pyroclastics / pyroclastic flow |
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superheated gas and fragment flow |
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