Term
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Definition
Equal to
precipitation
- infiltration loss
- Evaporation
- transportation |
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Term
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Definition
equal to
velocity x cross-sectional area |
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Term
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Definition
area around channel
flat, common flooding area |
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Term
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Definition
lowridges formed by sandy sediments rapidly deposited by flood waters
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Term
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Definition
| develop in low areas on the flood-plain behind natural levees |
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Term
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Definition
bend in the channel
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| erosion on the outside of the meander |
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Term
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Definition
| deposition on the inside of the meander |
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Term
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Definition
| zone on the floodplain within which meanders occur |
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Term
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Definition
channel may take shortcuts accross a meander loop
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
channels can abandon the meander loop
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| when floodplains are wide and natural levees are high, tributary streams may flow through the flood plain |
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Term
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Definition
| step-like benches above the level of preent day flood-plain |
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Term
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Definition
| average interval between floods of a particular zone |
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Term
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Definition
found on fault lines
and lagre structures such as anticline or synclines
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
made by fracture networks
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
most common
found in loose sediment
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| erosion and deposition take place in the river profile |
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Term
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Definition
| erosion and deposition take place other than the river profile and not related to other profile such as a lake or channels |
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Term
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Definition
- all types of sediment
- small sediment load
- V- shaped channel
- Velocity-fast
- Gradient-High
- no flood plain
- erosion - Down Cutting
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Term
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Definition
- sediment - sand to clay
- small sediment load
- U shaped channel
- slow velocity
- gradient - Low
- well developed flood plain
- lateral erosion
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Term
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Definition
| = change in elevation / river length(distance between 2 points) |
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Term
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Definition
porous and permiable media with the ability to transfer or store water
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
ease of conducting water
the rate at which groundwater flows i determined by permiabillity |
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Term
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Definition
| the percent of open space through which the groundwater actually flows |
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Term
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Definition
| the slope down which the groundwater flows |
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Term
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Definition
| difference between elevations |
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Term
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Definition
the movement of the water is unconstricted
and is recharged by water percolating downward from the overlayign surface
sand and gravel make excellent unconfined aquifers |
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Term
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Definition
overlain or sandwiched between, comparatively impermiable confining layers
recharged where they are exposed to the surface and by whatever water that can leak through teh congining beds |
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Term
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Definition
| occur where the groundwater comes to the surface |
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Term
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Definition
if you drill a well in to a confined aquifer, water generally rises above the level of the aquifer, forming an artesian well
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
pumping causes the level of the water and the pressure in the well to drop, allowing more water to flow into the well.
if the aquifer os unconfined, continuous pumping causes a cone of depression
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| surface streams that plunge underground to become underground rivers |
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Term
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Definition
| depressions formed by the dissolution of carbonate rock beneath the overlaying soil or by the colapse of portions of near-surface caves |
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Term
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Definition
areas underlain by carbonate rocks in which dissolution has been active develop a distance surface appearance
[image] |
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Term
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Definition
| Sediments originally deposited in horizontal layers |
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Term
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Definition
| In undisturbed strata, older layers lie beneath younger ones |
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Term
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Definition
| layers of sediment initially extend laterally in all directions |
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Term
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Definition
| and geologic feature is younger than any feature that it cuts |
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Term
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Definition
| If a rock contains fragments of another rock, the fragments must be older than the rock containing them |
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Term
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Definition
| a surface that represents a substantial gap in the geologic record |
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Term
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Definition
an erosion surface seperating rocks whose layers are not parallel
tilted sediments with flat sediments on top |
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Term
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Definition
an erosion surface or a surface of nondeposition seperating rocks whose layers are parallel
missing time between 2 sediments or rock layers |
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Term
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Definition
a erosion surface seperating sedimentary rocks from older plutonic or massive metaporphic rocks
sedimentary over igneous or metamophic rocks |
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Term
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Definition
varieties of an element containing different numbers of neutrons in thier nuclei
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Term
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Definition
the time required for half the atoms of any starting mass of radioactive isotope to decay away
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Term
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Definition
directly related to the half life
describes the proportion of the starting mass of a given isotope that will decay away in a year |
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Term
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Definition
t = ln(ND/NP - 1) / λ
λ = decay constant
ND = # of dsughter atoms
NP = # of parent atoms
t = time
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Term
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Definition
used to describe the orientation of bedding planes and other planar features
so that the overal geometry of tilted and folded layers can be described and visualized on a map
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Term
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Definition
represents the intersection of a tilted bedding plane with a horizontal plane
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Term
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Definition
perpendicular to strike
angle to define orientation
T pointing in direction ot tilt(downward) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Plunging Synclines and Anticlines |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
record earthquakes
P and S waves arival difference can be used to obtain the distance to the earthquake |
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Term
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Definition
"shear wave"
moves parallel to direction of wave propagation
only move through solids |
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Term
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Definition
primary wave
highest velocity
moves perpendicullar to propagation |
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Term
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Definition
Ex: himalaya's
[image]
[image]
Oceanic-continental
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[image]
[image]
Continental-continental
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Term
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Definition
Example: Mid-Atlantic Ridge
[image] |
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