Term
a climograph includes monthly averages of ... |
|
Definition
temperature and precipitation |
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Term
what 4 things does a map show? |
|
Definition
distance, direction, size, & shape |
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Term
a process that often accompanies globalization and threatens to displace local diversity is... |
|
Definition
spread of consumer culture |
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Term
a relatively homogeneous cultural group with its own independent political territory is... |
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Definition
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Term
a volcanic mudflow is also known as a... |
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Definition
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Term
a _____ plate boundary is one in which tectonic plates are moving away from one another. |
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Definition
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Term
a _____ plate boundary is one in which tectonic plates are moving towards one another leading to subduction of one of the plates |
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Definition
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Term
according to global observations, Earth's climate has experienced significant _____ since 1980 |
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Definition
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Term
advocates of globalization do not consider ________ an advantage of globalization |
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Definition
strengthening of local cultures |
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Term
what is not a major theme or issue addressed in each of the world regions covered in the textbook? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
lahars pyroclastic flows landslides acid rain |
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Term
an example of economic globalization that reflects formal arrangements among countries includes... |
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Definition
WTO (World Trade Organization) |
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Term
an example of economic globalization that reflects informal trade networks includes... |
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Definition
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Term
anthropogenic influences on climate include... |
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Definition
land-use change fossil fuel emissions urban heat islands aerosol emissions |
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Term
atmospheric aerosols are defined as... |
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Definition
solid or liquid particles suspended in the air |
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Term
what do climate scientists cite to support global climate change? |
|
Definition
thermometer record glacial retreat thinning sea ice changing ecosystems |
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Term
conformal maps greatly distort ____ of continents in higher latitudes |
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Definition
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|
Term
during the Northern Hemisphere summer, the wind and pressure belts shift to the... |
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Definition
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Term
during the northern hemisphere winter, the wind and pressure belts shift to the... |
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Definition
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Term
farming that produces only enough crops of livestock for a farm family's survival is known as... |
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Definition
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Term
geography is the study of ... |
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Definition
spatial patterns and processes, including human-environment interactions |
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Term
global economic convergence says that as a result of globalization... |
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Definition
all of the world's poorer countries will eventually catch up with the more economically advanced ones |
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Term
globalization encompasses... |
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Definition
technical processes economic processes political processes social/cultural processes |
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Term
if the global water supply was equal to 100 liters, how much would be in the form of freshwater? |
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Definition
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Term
in general, most of the earth's rain falls on land at about this latitude: |
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Definition
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Term
in stage 1 of the demographic transition model, birth rates are... |
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Definition
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Term
in stage 2 of the demographic transition model, death rates are... |
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Definition
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Term
in stage 4 of the demographic transition model, birth rates are ... |
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Definition
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Term
What is considered a centripetal force that promotes political unity and reinforces the state structure? |
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Definition
shared sense of history and culture |
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Term
more than half of the world's largest economic entities are... |
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Definition
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Term
most climate scientists attribute recent changes in Earth's climate mostly to... |
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Definition
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Term
which peoples do not have a state within which it is a majority (a nation without a state) |
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Definition
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Term
on average, a surplus of energy exists where? |
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Definition
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Term
over the past 50 years, corn production in the US has ______ while the price has ______ |
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Definition
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Term
over the past 2 decades, the poorest countries have... |
|
Definition
declined in economic prosperity |
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Term
raising corn remains profitable today primarily due to... |
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Definition
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Term
the age-sex structure, or population pyramid, of _______ has a large base indicating a very youthful population |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
the approximate average annual location of the sub-polar low pressure (SPLP) belt is at which letter? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
The approximate average annual location of the sub-tropical high pressure (STHP) belt is at which letter? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
the approximate average annual location of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ) is at which letter? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
The approximate average annual location of the polar high pressure (PHP) belt is at which letter? |
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Definition
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|
Term
[image]
The approximate location of the Hadley Cells is at which location? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
The approximate location of the Westerlies is at which letter? |
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Definition
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Term
[image]
the approximate location of the polar easterlies is at which letter? |
|
Definition
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Term
[image]
the approximate location of the northeast trades is at which location? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
[image]
the approximate location of the southeast trades is at which letter? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the approximate seasonal locations of the wind and pressure belts is most strongly influenced by the... |
|
Definition
sun's noontime vertical rays |
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Term
the characteristic of map projections which portrays accurate sizes but distorts the shapes of land masses is called... |
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Definition
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|
Term
the cold and snowy _________ of the northern mountains of NC draws skiers in the winter, but the warm and rainy _______ on a particular weekend may cause the slopes to close. |
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Definition
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|
Term
the coriolis effect causes winds to be deflected to the ____ of their intented paths in the Northern Hemisphere. |
|
Definition
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Term
the coriolis effect causes winds to be deflected to the _____ of their intended paths in the Southern Hemisphere |
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Definition
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|
Term
the demographic transition model describes changes in _____, _______, and _______ over time |
|
Definition
birth rates, death rates, total population |
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|
Term
the distribution of earthquakes and volcanoes is strongly associated with... |
|
Definition
tectonic plate boundaries |
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Term
the driving force of globalization is primarily... |
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Definition
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Term
the gas that is thought to be responsible for more than half of the anthropogenic warming of the atmosphere is... |
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Definition
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|
Term
the largest percentage of corn grown in the US today goes to... |
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Definition
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|
Term
the location of earthquakes and volcanoes are most strongly controlled by... |
|
Definition
tectonic plate boundaries |
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|
Term
the most plausible explanation for the movement of tectonic plates is... |
|
Definition
convection cells in the mantle |
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|
Term
the most significant natural forcing on climate is... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the smallest percentage of corn grown in the US today goes to... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the US corn crop is heavily subsidized. over the past decade, US tax payers have provided over ______ in subsidies to corn growers |
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Definition
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|
Term
the value of all goods and services produced within a country's borders plus its net income from abroad is defined as its... |
|
Definition
GNI (Gross National Income) |
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Term
the _________ projection in a compromise between conformality and equivalency. |
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Definition
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|
Term
the _________ projection is an example of a conformal projection |
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Definition
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|
Term
the ________ projection is an example of an equivalent projection |
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Definition
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|
Term
the ______ was characterized by significantly warmer conditions between approximately 1000 and 1350 AD |
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Definition
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|
Term
Urban primacy describes... |
|
Definition
a city that is disproportionately large and dominates the economic, political, and cultural activities of the nation |
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Term
wealthier countries tend to fair better when an earthquake hits because... |
|
Definition
they can usually afford better construction materials, employ preventative building codes for more resistant structures, and enforce land-use planning to build in less prone areas |
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|
Term
which Koppen climate type is comprised of the subtypes of humid continental and subarctic climates? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which Koppen climate type is defined primarily on the basis of moisture instead of temperature? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which Koppen climate type is known as the mild midlatitude and encompasses the southeastern US? |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which Koppen climate type is warm throughout the year, with abundant rainfall at least part of the year? |
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Definition
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|
Term
a bioregion is best described as... |
|
Definition
regions that are classified in regard to the similarities in both their plant and animal communities |
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Term
"water stress" is best described as.. |
|
Definition
a water problem prediction technique that is derived by examining the amount of fresh water in comparison to the population growth |
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|
Term
what is not associated with industrial food production? |
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Definition
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|
Term
what is an example of an ethnic religion? |
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Definition
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|
Term
which of the following countries has one of the highest population densities in the world, at 1,142 people per square kilometer? |
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Definition
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|
Term
what courses might be taught in a department of geography? |
|
Definition
global climate change economic geography geography of latin america hydrology |
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|
Term
what are characteristics of traditional agriculture? |
|
Definition
use of organic fertilizers small-scale low reliance on fossil fuels |
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|
Term
what is not an indicator of cyrospheric change observed since 1950? |
|
Definition
decrease in Southern Hemisphere sea ice |
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|
Term
what are the fundamental themes of geography? |
|
Definition
aerial differentiation region cultural landscape scale |
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|
Term
what is found along most tectonic plate boundaries? |
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Definition
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|
Term
what is not an example of economic globalization? |
|
Definition
global institutions and agreements that increase barriers to trade |
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|
Term
what are the core tenets of economic globalization? |
|
Definition
privatization unrestricted movement of capitol openness to foreign investment lower corporate taxes |
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|
Term
what are major influences on weather and climate? |
|
Definition
latitude elevation maritime effect global pressure systems |
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|
Term
what are major greenhouse gases? |
|
Definition
methane carbon dioxide water vapor chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) |
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|
Term
the most populous country in the world is... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
_______ of globalization are most likely to argue that "a rising economic tide lifts all boats" |
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Definition
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|
Term
_______ of globalization are most likely to argue that wealthier countries and mulitnational corporations conquer the world, rolling over whomever is in the way |
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Definition
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|
Term
at the most basic level, geography can be broken into what two complementary pursuits? |
|
Definition
physical and human geography |
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|
Term
a 2010 earthquake, measured 7.0 on the Richter scale, devastated __________ resulting in over 300,000 deaths |
|
Definition
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|
Term
A resident of Jamaica who travels to another nation to work, saves his money and then returns home is an example of ... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
among wealthier countries, ___________ best determines population health (life expectancy) |
|
Definition
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|
Term
average annual precipitation __________ as one travels from Lake Toxaway, NC to downtown Asheville, NC |
|
Definition
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|
Term
between 1820 and 1860, the majority of immigrants to the US were from... |
|
Definition
Northern and Western Europe |
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|
Term
Chain migration refers to... |
|
Definition
the process where one family member at a time migrates to a new location |
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|
Term
Changing transportation technologies have had a significant impact on the evolution of big cities in the US. what represents the most recent development in this process? |
|
Definition
decentralization along commuter routes |
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|
Term
dependency theory calls for... |
|
Definition
greater government control of the economy |
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|
Term
|
Definition
the process by which a country in whole or in part adopts the US dollar as its official currency |
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|
Term
|
Definition
the conversion of tropical forest into pasture |
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Term
in latin america between 1970 and present, the average number of births per woman has ________ while the percentage of women in the labor force has __________ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
in latin america, the term Mestizo means someone of ______ ancestry |
|
Definition
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|
Term
in poorer countries, the ________ is the most important determinant of population health |
|
Definition
provision of basic needs (food, water, shelter) |
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|
Term
in regard to population growth in the Intermountain West, which two states experienced the fastest growth between 2000 and 2010? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
in regards to the success of maquiladoras, what is not one of Mexico's competitive advantages? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
in which north american mountain range has the effect of acid rain been most noticeable? |
|
Definition
the Southern Appalachian Mountians |
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|
Term
many of the economic damages from america's most dramatic natural hazards have been magnified by the fact that: |
|
Definition
relatively recently, millions of north americans have been moving to scenic areas that are especially susceptible to natural disasters |
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|
Term
|
Definition
communities of runaway slaves that were usually formed in remote areas |
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|
Term
Mexican assembly plants that border the US and exploit cheap labor are... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
neoliberal economic development does not call for... |
|
Definition
increased social spending for the poor |
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|
Term
offshore banking in the caribbean has been closely tied with... |
|
Definition
the international drug trade |
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|
Term
one of the reasons for the migration of many young people out of the canadian maritime provinces is... |
|
Definition
a long-time regional dependence on extractive activities has led to economic decline and unemployment in the region |
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|
Term
originally an opposition leader and coca grower in bolivia from the chapare region, ______ (the current pres of bolivia) gained instant popularity when the US ambassador actively campaigned against him in 2002 |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the caribbean is best described by this climate designation: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what is the greatest difference between Canada and the United states? |
|
Definition
current strength of regional independence movements |
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|
Term
the driving force behind population growth in the inter-mountain western US is ... |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the first stage (1600-1750) of European settlement expansion in North America was characterized by settlement where? |
|
Definition
Immediate Atlantic coastal zones |
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|
Term
the first stage of the historical evolution of the city in North America, characterized by compactness, was: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the fourth stage of the historical evolution of the city in North America, characterized by even greater distance from the central city core, was the: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the glaciers of the Central Andes Mountains of Bolivia and Peru have been in a state of retreat in the past 20 years primarily as a result of more frequent and intense ________ events. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the increasing "digital divide" in North America refers to: |
|
Definition
the phenomenon where the region's poor and underprivileged have considerably less access to internet as compared to the wealthy |
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|
Term
The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) was principally between... |
|
Definition
Canada, the US, and Mexico |
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|
Term
the periodic cooling of sea-surface temperatures off the west coast of Peru and extending into the Eastern Pacific is known as: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the periodic warming of sea-surface temperatures off the west coast of Peru and extending into the eastern Pacific is known as: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the second stage (1750-1850) of European settlement expansion in North America was characterized by settlement where> |
|
Definition
Atlantic Coast to the MIssissippi River |
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|
Term
the second stage of the historical evolution of the city in North America, characterized by expansion of the 30-minute travel radius, was the: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the third stage (1850-1910) of European settlement expansion in North America was characterized by settlement where? |
|
Definition
Mississippi River to the Pacific Coast |
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|
Term
the third stage of the historical evolution of the city in North America, characterized by a mass wave of suburbanization, was the: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The ______ gave Portugal the legal cover to colonize Brazil |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the US ranks __________ in life expectancy in the Health Olympics. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the ________ population is now the largest minority group in the US |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the _________ encompasses the immediate Caribbean coastal zones of Central America |
|
Definition
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|
Term
The __________ is a high plateau situated above 12,500 ft in elevation and found in the border region between Peru & Bolivia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
the ____________ has supported industrial agricultural operations in the Great Plains states from South Dakota to Texas but is rapidly being depleted. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
today's north american suburbs contain increasing numbers of ___________, _____________, and ____________ |
|
Definition
corporate offices Industrial complexes entertainment complexes |
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|
Term
|
Definition
the phenomenon where many immigrants maintain close contact with their home countries |
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|
Term
two of the most important Native American languages still spoken widely today in the Andes Mountains are: |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What process best explains the precipitation patterns traveling from Lake Toxaway NC to downtown Asheville NC? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which Canadian Province has recently sought secession from the rest of the nation? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which country shares the island of Hispanola with the Dominican Republic and is suffering the environmental effects of deforestation? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which factors have influenced health improvements around the world? |
|
Definition
whether it is a colonizing country or not type of colonization experienced social & political policies economic issues: rapid growth or not |
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|
Term
what best describes the Caribbean diaspora |
|
Definition
the economic flight of Caribbean peoples across the globe |
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|
Term
what country supplies Canada with more than two-thirds of its imports? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what were some implications of increased movement to locations within the North American west? |
|
Definition
water demand cultural tension from the mixing of recent migrants & natives the area's growing political power |
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|
Term
what are believed to be causes of the high rate of HIV/AIDS in the Caribbean |
|
Definition
Prostitution international tourism lack of education programs and screening |
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|
Term
what are 3 of the islands of the Greater Antilles? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what is the most recently formed Canadian province? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which Rimland state has the least in common with the Caribbean as a whole? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
what are some of the jobs included in Latin america's informal economic sector? |
|
Definition
housing construction street vending garbage picking |
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|
Term
what are some true statements regarding population health? |
|
Definition
health has been improving most of the last century health improvements are not shared equally poorer people have poorer health early life is critical for adult health |
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|
Term
what 4 things describe current population patterns in North America |
|
Definition
westward migration Arican-American migration from the south rural-to-urban migration nonmetropolitan growth |
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|
Term
what best describes the North American region? |
|
Definition
highly mobile, industrialized, urbanized |
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|
Term
which United States region contained the fastest growing states between 1990 and 2000? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
_________ played a significant role in the development and flourishing of Andean civilizations, including the Inca Empire |
|
Definition
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|
Term
________ holds the number one ranking in life expectancy in the Health Olympics |
|
Definition
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|
Term
______ refers to the blending of European, Amerindian, and African cultures in the Caribbean |
|
Definition
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|
Term
_________ is the current democratically elected president of Venezuela whose government narrowly survived a coup d'etat in 2002 |
|
Definition
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|
Term
___________, a former Catholic priest who won a landslide victory in democratic presidential elections of Haiti in 1991, was forced out of office in early 2004 by a combination of domestic and international pressures |
|
Definition
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|
Term
___________ gained immense popularity as a result of his important role as the leader of "La Coordinadora" during the Cochabamba Water Wars of 2001 |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Which Latin American zone is found between approximately 1000 and 3000 meters elevation and is characterized by mild temperatures, in known as the "land of eternal spring" and is home to many major Latin American cities? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which zone is found above approximately 5000 meters elevation and consists entirely of rock, ice, and snow? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which zone is found between approximately 3000 and 4000 meters elevation and characterized by low temperatures in which only the hardiest crops may be grown? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which zone is found between approximately 4000 and 5000 meters elevation and is a prime grazing area for llamas, alpacas, and vicunas? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
which zone is found between approximately sea level and 1000 meters elevation and is known as the "hot land"? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Pakistan is predominantly ___________ & India is predominantly ___________ |
|
Definition
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|
Term
"protruded" Southeast Asian country |
|
Definition
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|
Term
"elongated" Southeast Asian country |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
"fragmented" Southeast Asian country |
|
Definition
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|
Term
a tense nuclear stand-off has recently existed between which two countries? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Bangladesh gained its independence from _________ in 1971 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
"compact" Southeast Asian country |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the winter monsoon in Southeast Asia results from _______ pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
how were the Himalayas formed? |
|
Definition
by the convergence of the Eurasian plate & the Indo-Australian plate |
|
|
Term
In which country would loess deposits be most common? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Japan's seismic activity is attributed to ... |
|
Definition
the convergence of the Pacific, Philippine, and Eurasian plates |
|
|
Term
which southeast asian country contains the fewest muslims? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
one of the most serious natural hazards in bangladesh is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
one of the most serious natural hazards in the khumbu himal (everest) region is... |
|
Definition
glacial lake outburst floods |
|
|
Term
since the 1960's, the largest proportion of migrants to Tibet and the western provinces of China has been... |
|
Definition
Han Chinese from eastern China |
|
|
Term
since the september 11th terrorist attacks on the US, US-Chinese relations have... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
As a result of Mexico's default on its debt in 1982, the IMF and World Bank developed an action plan popularly known as ________ to ensure that a domino effect did not occur |
|
Definition
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|
Term
desertification is compounded by... |
|
Definition
overgrazing changing climate export-oriented agriculture uncertain markets |
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|
Term
development in Siberia tends to be limited because... |
|
Definition
unstable ground resulting from permafrost makes it extremely difficult to place permanent structures on the land surface |
|
|
Term
flooded valley inlets carved by glaciers, and known as _______, dominate Norway's western coastline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
from its birth on the Arabian peninsula in 622 AD, Islam reached as far as _________ by 1300 AD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
from the Israeli perspective, the major source of tension in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
from the Palestinian perspective, the major source of tension in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
how did the September 11th attacks on the US affect the Russian stance toward Chechnya? |
|
Definition
it gave the Russian government the excuse to further centralize power in the breakaway republic under the guise of reining in terrorists |
|
|
Term
how much does the US spend per person on health care compared to the average of the other industrialized countries? |
|
Definition
two & a half times as much |
|
|
Term
if one was on a pilgrimage to Mecca and Medinah, one would be going to... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
in Sub-Saharan Africa, desertification is most severe in this region: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
in the Tarim Basin, most of the population resides... |
|
Definition
in the foothills of the mountains along the basin's edge |
|
|
Term
in which of the below countries are Palestinians currently seeking an independent state? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
How many days of paid vacation are mandated by law in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
life expectancy has fallen across portions of Sub-Saharan Africa as a result of ... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
many demographers & geographers have suggested that a fifth stage be added to the demographic transition model to account for the most recent demographic tends in Europe, characterized by... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
most countries of Sub-Saharan Africa gained independence... |
|
Definition
from the mid-1950s through the mid-1960s |
|
|
Term
most of the specific contemporary Palestinian grievances, such as Israeli control of the West Bank and Gaza strip, can be traced to the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
recent tensions in Ukraine highlight the affinity of western sections of that country to ___________ and eastern sections to Russia |
|
Definition
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|
Term
significant ___________ has helped to make up the difference between birth and death rates in this fifth stage of the demographic transition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the AIDS crisis in Sub-Saharan Africa is particularly concentrated... |
|
Definition
among the working segment of the population |
|
|
Term
the contemporary political boundaries of African states owe their existence to... |
|
Definition
the Berlin Conference of 1884 |
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|
Term
Maghreb does not include... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the "new action plan" included provisions for all of the following except... |
|
Definition
nationalizing the economy |
|
|
Term
the new Palestinian leader, ____________, helped to reinvigorate the peace process by negotiating a cease fire that both the Israelis and Palestinian militant groups accepted until recently |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
the Nile River is an example of an ___________ river, or one that originates in a humid area and flows through a dry or desert region |
|
Definition
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the Palestinian militant group_________ was the clear winner in the most recent parliamentary elections |
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the primary cause of the contemporary demographic and health crisis in Russia is... |
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the roots of African poverty include... |
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slave trade colonization failed development policies corruption |
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the Soviet policy of resettling Russians into non-Russian portions of the Soviet Union was known as... |
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the status of women is lowest where? |
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the Taliban are a __________ group |
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the __________ is a semi-arid transition zone, or ecotone, just south of the Sahara Desert |
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the __________ is responsible for the majority of precipitation that falls in Sub-Saharan Africa |
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the ________ studies, in which researchers investigated the health of British civil servants, provided a pathological and biological basis for differences in status |
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the ____________ gradually has reduced border formalities and eased travel restrictions among several European countries |
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what is the primary reason for the shrinking of the Aral Sea? |
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Definition
large-scale irrigation projects implemented by the Soviets in the 1950s have diverted water from the two rivers tat feed the sea |
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what type of livelihood would pastoralists most likely be engaged in? |
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which group of people helped to spearhead Russia's eastward expansion? |
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which is the predominant country in the world in terms of oil reserves? |
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wood and charcoal used for household energy needs best describes _________ |
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which country serves as the breadbasket of the Russian Domain? |
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which of the below is a source of conflict in Northern Ireland? |
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the Catholic minority feel that they have been discriminated against by the Protestant majority |
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which is not one of the major world religions to come from Southwest Asia |
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which region does not serve as a primary source region for immigration to Germany? |
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which climate type encompasses most of Russia? |
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which climate type is least common in Sub-Saharan Africa? |
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what is not a major argument for regional integrity of North Africa and Southwest Asia? |
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what is not a major control of European climates discussed in class? |
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what is not a major landform region in Europe? |
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what is not a characteristic of Africa's physical geography discussed in class? |
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Definition
marine west coast climates |
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what is not one of the 5 pillars of Islam? |
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giving of charitable contributions |
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which Sub-Saharan African country is the site of religious tensions between Muslims in the north and Christians and animists in the south? |
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what was not an origin of the "Debt Crisis" in developing countries, and particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa? |
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why are many European nations currently encouraging immigration of foreign populations? |
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many of the nations are experiencing negative growth and require these immigrants to fill gaps in their labor force and to generate tax revenues |
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_________ climates dominate Central Asia |
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__________, the long-time Palestinian leader who died in 2004, was considered by many as an obstacle in the peace process |
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__________ is a term with specific geographic origin often used to describe the cumulative effect of centrifugal forces, such as events that occurred in the former Yugoslavia |
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