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geography 120
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58
Geography
12th Grade
12/17/2009

Additional Geography Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
define isolines-
Definition
lines drawn on a map that represent data of equal value. (Isotherms link temperatures)
Term
define site-
Definition
the characteristics (cultural, political, environmental, ect.) found in a place
Term
define situation-
Definition
the relative locations of a place to other places. also involves the interactions and relationships with other Places.
Term
define map projection-
Definition
any method of representing the earth's sphere on a plane
Term
define map projection-
Definition
any method of representing the earth's sphere on a plane
Term
define map projection-
Definition
any method of representing the earth's sphere on a plane
Term
define map scale-
Definition
the ratio of a single unit on a map with corresphonding distance on the ground
Term
cartogram-
Definition
a map based on a thematic variable rather than scale and area (e.g. population
Term
natural increase-
Definition
populations change due only to births and deaths
Term
define nation-
Definition
a relatively homogenous cultural group (language, ethnicity, religions, history)
Term
define Nation-State-
Definition
A state that consits of a homogeneous Nation. Very Rare. Japan
Term
define monsoon-
Definition
a "seasonal reversal of winds" that bring heavy moisture to a region.
Term
define population age structure-
Definition
a profile of a ocuntry's population based on age and gender
Term
population distribution-
Definition
the manner in which peoplehave arranged themselves spatially in a particular place
Term
population doubling time
Definition
how long it will take in yeras for a country's population to double
Term
population momentum-
Definition
built in population groth due to a population's age structure
Term
total fertility rate-
Definition
the total obtained by adding the average number of births in each female age cohort together for an area
Term
climate-
Definition
characterized by precipitation (how much, when) and temperature (daily variation and annual variation)
Term
climatic regions-
Definition
a geographical area with similar climatic conditions.
Term
continentality-
Definition
the impact of distance from an ocean on climatic conditions. (dryer and more extreme temps away from ocean)
Term
greenhouse effect-
Definition
a natural process where atmospheric gasses absorb or trap heat
Term
isolation-
Definition
incoming solar radiation
Term
intertropical onvergence zone-
Definition
a low pressure zone centered around the equator.
Term
centrifugal forces-
Definition
political and cultural forces that tend to pull apart or weaken existing states
Term
centripetal forces-
Definition
political/cultural forces that tend to bind and promote unity in an existing state
Term
colonialism-
Definition
a system where on country contols foreign possessions economically and politically.
Term
cultural diffusion-
Definition
the geographical spreading and adaptation of cultural traits from one location to another.
Term
cultural hearth-
Definition
a place where a major culture originated.
Term
cultural region-
Definition
a geographic region defined by a distinct culture
Term
globalization-
Definition
the ongoing reduction of contrasts between global realms and regions as a result of increasing political, cultural, and economic interaction
Term
define irredentism-
Definition
a policy of cultural and political expanion into a neighboring state by a state whose nationals live in the neighboring state (lots of russians in georgia)
Term
lingua Franca-
Definition
a region's common language used in the economic and political sphere
Term
state-
Definition
a territory controlled and organized by a sovereign government
Term
break-of-bulk-
Definition
a transportation point where goods are transferred from one transportation carrier to another
Term
remittances-
Definition
money earned by immigrants in their new country and sent to their contry of origin in order to support family members left behind
Term
shifting cultivation-
Definition
an agricultural system based on periodically changing cultivation sites. This allows some fields to lay "fallow" or a period of years between use.
Term
subsistence agriculture-
Definition
farms grown only for the farmer's and his family's needs, not sold
Term
define swidden-
Definition
forested areas are cut and cleared through burning for a period of agriculture
Term
subduction-
Definition
the forcing down of one continental plate under another due to collision
Term
transmigration-
Definition
the movenment of people from a popular corwded area to a less popular area by the government. The people are usually happy to have more room to live.
Term
the aspects of place-
Definition
cultural rules and norms (religion, language, customs)
perceptions and meanings (how place is viewed)
bio physical processes (evaporation, corriolis effect)
Term
3 clusters of great population
Definition
west europe
east asia
south asia
Term
colonialism in Africa
*
*
*
*
*
Definition
french-western-just wanted resources
British - gawna, zimbabwa - wanted to forces views on savages
Dutch - south
Belgium - Rawanda and DR of Congo
Portugese - costal areas
Term
Lingua Franca in Africa
Definition
swahili - east coast
englinsh - kenya and nigeria
French - western
Term
Carribean Colonizers
Definition
Dutch
British
French
Term
relocation diffusion (has one type) expansion diffusion (and its two types)
Definition

sequential diffusion - traits diffused as transmitter relocats to a new area (only area of trait grows, not number of people with it)

expansion- the spreading of a trait in a way that the number with that trait grows

contaigious expansion- spreads to those around you (diseases) hierarchial expansion- it "trikles down" rom larger to smaller units

Term
how was islam diffused?
Definition
relocation - by war they moved to different areas
hierarcical expansion- trade with biggest cities
contagious expansion - missionary work
Term
climate effected by 3 natural conditions:
Definition
latitudal position
continental position (how near to water)
elevation
Term
percent of world's population
USA:
Europe:
China:
L.A.
Africa:
India:
Indonesia:
Definition
USA: same.
Europe: decreasing. by 3%
China: decreasing. 4% but still alot
L.A. deceasing barely
Africa: increasing 6%!!
India increasing 1%
indonesia: same
Term
harmatten-
Definition
seasonal dusty dry wind that afects the Sahel in africa
Term
location of ITCZ in africa:
and what does this do to the climate?
Definition
ITCZ is north in summer - wind comes from ocean - rainy season
ITCZ is south in winter - wind comes from Sahara - dry season
Term
cold ocean currents around africa
Definition
canary (upper west)
Benguela (south west)(below equator so moves to its left
Term
warm ocean currents around Africa
Definition
Indian N equatorial (by horn)
Agulhas (goes down between Africa and Madagascar)
The atlantic and Indian equatorial conuters point to Africa in middle from both sides
Term
atman- (in Hinduism)
Definition
the spirit or soul, the true slef of every person
Term
darma-
Definition
one's personal set or rules of what they need to do to work up ladder of reincarnation
Term
monsoon in asia.
when?
Definition
late spring it gets rly rly hot (March-April to June)
Monsoon begins in June or July
Term
why monsoon comes to India
Definition
land over Asia heats up. The air rises creating an area of low pressure. Air moves to the low pressure from the ocean. The moist winds bring a ton of rain.
Term

 

Pop.

N.I.

TFR

2025

2050

<15

65+

China

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Japan

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Indonesia

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

India

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Africa

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Europe

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Definition

 

Pop.

N.I.

TFR

2025

2050

<15

65+

China

1.33 b

.6%

1.6

1.47b

1.41b

19%

8%

Japan

127m

-0.0%

1.4

119m

95m

13%

23%

Indonesia

243m

1.5%

2.5

292m

343m

29%

6%

India

1.17b

1.6%

2.7

1.44b

1.75b

32%

5%

Africa

836m

2.5%

5.3

1.26b

1.75b

43%

3%

Europe

738m

-0.0%

1.5

736m

702m

15%

16%

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