Term
|
Definition
| Mesopatamia “land amidst the rivers” |
|
|
Term
| Hydraulic Civilization Theory |
|
Definition
| Holds that cities that could control irrigated farming over large hinterlands held power over others, used food as a weapon, and thrives. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wanted a blood relative of Mohammad to follow after him. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Wanted a devout follower of Mohammad to follow after him. Those who took the Sunni side far outnumbers those of the Shiite who waned a blood relative. Tdoay, about 85% of all muslums are Sunnis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sunnis propelled the great expansion of Islam |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mecca -611 AD Muhammad received revelations from Allah (God) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Expansion diffusion,
Relocation diffusion
Contagious diffusion,
Hierarchical diffusion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when propagation waves originate in a strong and durable source area and spread outward, affecting an ever larger region and population |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in which an innovation, idea, or (for example) a virus is carried by migrants form the source to distant locations and diffuse from there. Spread of Aids is a case of relocation diffusing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as the faith moved from village to village across the Arabian Peninsula and the middle east. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| When kings, chiefs, and other high officials were converted, who in turn propagated the faith downward through their bureaucracies to far flung subjects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Islamic theologian named Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab (1703-1792) Founded a Movement to bring Islamic society on the peninsula back to the most fundamental, traditions, and puritanical form of the faith. Very strict. Whahhabism the dominate form of Islam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The greatest of all Nile projects, the Aswan High Dam (which began operating int 1968), creates Lake Nasser, one of the worlds largest artificial lakes. It increased irrigable land by nearly 50% and provides Egypt with 40% of its electricity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Egypt’s millions of subsistence farmers, the fellaheen, still struggle to make their living off the land, as did the peasants of the Egypt of five millennia past. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The countries of northwestern Africa are collectively called the Maghreb but the Arab name for them is more elaborate than that: Jezira-al-Maghreb, or “ Isles of the West” |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A the narrowing of an international waterway causing marine traffic congestion, requiring reduced speeds and or sharp turns, and increasing the risk of collision as well as vulnerability to attack. The Hormus Strait is one such. Strait of Malacca is another. The busiest choke point is the straight of Gibraltar. Bab el Madeb straight. Some are artificial like the Suez cannel. And the panama Canal. |
|
|
Term
| Ethnic Cleansing of Darfur |
|
Definition
| Regime in Kharoum, which blamed these sedentary farmers for sympathizing with anti-Khartoum rebels. Soon the province’s camel and cattle herding Arabs were invading the Africans land, supported by the army and by an informal militia named thee jonahed that burned villages and destroyed farms, and killed at will. |
|
|
Term
| North African Mountain Range |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The location of Iraq’s major oilfields, most of which lie in the shia domain and in the Kurdish sector and its borderland, creating an obstacle to any plan to create a three part federation out of Iraq’s political geography.
The Sunni sector would be the loser; some acceptable way to allocate oil income to the Sunni provinces would have to be designed. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Like Lebanon and Israeli, Syria has a Mediterranean coastline where crops can be raised without irrigation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1948, when Israel was created as a homeland for the Jewish people on the recommendation of a United Nations commission. In 1946 the British, who had administered this area n post ottoman time, granted independence to what was then called “Transjordan”, the kingdom east of the Jordan River. This land was granted to Israel by the United Nations, it also land that had long belonged to Arabs in this territory called Palestine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Political view that Israel has a right to exist in homeland. And the right to self determination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Saudi Arabia is the worlds largest oil exporter. 267 billion of barrels of reserves in 2005 (#1 in oil reserves) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In the west lies the shrinking Aral Seal, whose feeder streams were diverted into cotton fields and croopland during the Soviet occupation; heavy use of pesticide contaminated the ground water, and countess thouands of local people suffered several medical problems as a result. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Shia majority in the south
Sunni minority in the northwest
Kurdish minority in the hilly northeast |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two major languages, Pushtun and Dari (the local variant of Persian), plus several others create a veritable Towe of Babel here. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
South Asia’s population continues to grow at annual rates higher than the worlds average. It will become the world’s most populous geographic realm during the next decade
Southern Plateaus (Western Ghats) is one of southern India’s largest population concentrations. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
In which soldiers, merchants, artist, toolmakers and others all had their place. Those in the lowest caste, deemed to be there because they; deserved it, were wrost off, without hope of advancement and at the mercy of those higher up on the social ladder.
“the strict social stratification and segregation of people - specifically in India’s Hindu society - on the basis of ancestry and occupation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Was first local state that grew into a regional power. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Asoka headed what was to be the first empire in south asia (Asoka Maurayan Empire) he gained control not by war, but through teaching a faith (Buddhist) to the region. He send out missionaries to teach, not soldiers to war. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The British government controlled the EIC (East Indian Company) from 1857 until 1947. A mutiny among Indian troops in the service of the EIC led to the abolition of the company. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Came rolling into India like a giant tide across south asia, converting everyone in the Indus Valley . |
|
|
Term
| Demographic Transition of India |
|
Definition
| A four stage sequence that took them from high birth rates and high death rates in pre industrial times to low death rates and even lower birthrates today. Stages 2 and 3 in this model with high birthrates and low death rates, form the population explosion that caused such great alarm during the 20ths century when death rates in industrializing and urbanizing countries dropped sharply. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The aptly named North West Frontier Province remains a conservative, deeply religious, militant territory, where Islamic Political parties and movement are proportionately stronger than in any other part of the country and where obstruction of national policies is a common goal (including the War on Terror) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| As it became to be known, ran along the most prominent Crestline of the Himalayas. British negotiated a treaty with Tibet that defined their boundary in accordance wit th terms laid down on the map of the chief negotiator, Sir Henry McMahon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lowest of the Caste system. The untouchables occupy the lowest tier were the most debased, wretched members of this rigidly structures social system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A combination of expanded irrigation and Green Reovluion farming techiniqes has allowed Pakistan in recent years to export some rice. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
East Pakistan, upon independence in 1971, took the name Bangladesh.
No only is Bangladesh a poor country; it also is high susceptible to damage from natural hazards. During the 20th century, eight of the ten deadliest natural disasters in the entire world struck this single country. It is the deltaic plain of the Ganges |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A rebel army called the Tamil Tigers confronted Sri Lanoka’s national forces. Manu in the Tamil community demanded a separate Tamil state to encompass the north and east of the country. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Descendents of immigrants to Sri Lanka from northwest India . Called Sinhalese speak a language (Sinhala) that belongs to the Indo Europena language family of northern India. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs in the hot summer months, which produce onshore winds that bring large amounts of rainfall. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| East Asia is the worlds most populous geographic realm, but its population remains strongly concentrated inits |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| North China Plain-The soil here is a fertile mixture of alluvium and loess (deposits of fine, windborne silt or dust of glacial origin), and the slightest breeze stirs it up. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Its territory covering more than 80% of the East Asian realm. Chinas total area is slightly smaller than that of the United States including Alaska. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 206-220 AD. Second formative dynasty for china: restoration of Confucian principles and flowering of culture. First use of eunuchs by authoritarian government, planting a long term weakness in administration. Xian become on of the greatest cities of the ancient world. Chinese refer to themselves as the people of Han. About the same time, same size as the Roman Empire. Silk Roads carries goods from China across inner Asia to Syria and on to Rome. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Over 1600 kilometers (1000 mi) Long, this was the longest artificial waterway in the world, but during the 19th century it feel into disrepair. Known as the Grand Canal, it was dredged and rebuild when the Nationalists controlled eastern china. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Mongolia - herdsman with herds follow nomadic tracks. Mongolais is a wedge state between Russia and China. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chang Jiang, Huang He and Liao |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also Tibet- Buddhist outpost of Tibet. Laid railroad that links Beijing with Xizang’s capital, Lhasa, across some of the Earths most forbidding terrain, symbolizes china’s determination to bring Tibet into Beijing’s orbit. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A complicated system of Special Economic Zones (SEZ’s), so called Open Cities, and Open Coastal Areas, which would attract technologies and investments form abroad and transform the economic geography of Easter china. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A complicated system of Special Economic Zones (SEZ’s), so called Open Cities, and Open Coastal Areas, which would attract technologies and investments form abroad and transform the economic geography of Easter china. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Japans dominate region of urbanization and industry is the Kanto Plain, which contains about 1/3 of Japanese population an is focused on the Tokyo-Yokohama-Kawasaki metropolitan area. The worlds 2nd largest urban agglomeration. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This condition arises when two adjacent regions complement each other in economic geographic terms. Here N Korea has raw materials that tin the industries of S Korea need; S. Korea produces food that N Korea needs. N Korea produces chemical fertilizers farms in the south need. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Two Koreas were cut off from each other, and they developed in opposite directions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Government controlled corporation competing under free market conditions, usually in a tightly regimented society. South Korea is a leading example. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hong Kong - British Colony
Taiwan’s rise as an economic tiger on the pacific rim. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chinas most influential philosopher and teacher. Confucian Classics, 13 text that became the basis for education in china for 2000 years. From Government to morality and from law to religion, the Classics were Chinese civilizations guide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| There, modernization is seen as an outgrowth of colonialism, the perpetuation of a system of wealth accumulation introduced by foreigners driven by greed. They managed to build on it, not replace, Japanese cultural traditions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The politico geographic concept suggesting that the property of one state lying within the boundaries of another actually forms an extension of the first state. |
|
|
