Term
| Popular Culture: What are some of the current trends in media consumption, and what do they tell us about European popular culture; is Europe an outpost of American cultural influence? |
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Definition
| Process of gradual commercialization (1980s: liberization of markets in Western Europe, 1990s: Gradual and still incomplete transformation in Eastern Europe, present regime is “dual system” of public service and commercial television, system that still has old national but also new commercial stations (relatively balanced, unlike US), nearly 4,000 television channels available across Europe, primary source of info and entertainment for most people, viewing time is increasing, overall private channels have the largest audience: main source of dynamic programming, as they came online they often offered more innovative programming, able to entice people away from public television, increasing concern over issue of good television coverage |
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Term
| How has the television system in Europe changed? |
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Definition
| National channels to now old national but also new commercial stations and it is relatively balanced unlike the US |
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Term
| How would you characterize the impact of new technology (e.g., cable television, cell phones, Internet) on European consumption and popular culture? |
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Definition
| Cable TV around since the 90s, Europeans watch news, then sports, then variety shows, reality shows, telenovela, cell phone penetration: Europe is a leader, Nokia is big brand name, top country in cell phone ownership? Italy; Internet is not evenly distributed across Europe, it is most widely used in Scandanavia, core of Western Europe too, Internet cafes in Germany and France sometimes necessary to get service, most of Europe has had access via landline, Europe wired- takes time but getting better |
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Term
| American cultural hegemony: |
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Definition
| is some tension between American sources and local products, not there are limits on American production, worried about American dominance: imports from other sources in the world, isn’t what it was before now, though, but still plenty of American TV in Europe |
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Term
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Definition
| : song contest, has been around since 1956, each country is allowed to submit one act (no more than 6 performers per group), must be older than 16, perform for 3 minutes, perform on tv, 10 minute period where countries count votes after, Finland won last year with Star Trek monster act, 1974: ABBA (Sweden) won, first big break, not restricted to European countries, used to have to sing songs in native language but now pretty much all sing in English, countries can import talent (Celine Dion), Europop: distinct type of song for eurovision |
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Term
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Definition
| tension between American sources and local products, limits on American production, Germany had a good year in 2003 with Goodbye Lenin, big hit, mother falls into a coma, sees reality of change it will have on her with no Berlin wall, try to protect her from changes; cinema attendance has been declining all over Europe, doesn’t compete well, try to fight it using features such as stadium seating and nice new buildings |
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Term
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Definition
| what Europeans watch: news, sports, variety show, reality TV, telenovela |
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Term
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Definition
| : readership is much higher in the US, newspaper readership has been declining except for gossip papers |
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Term
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Definition
| global phenomenon, cell phone penetration ? Europe is a leader, Nokia is big brand name, top country in cell phone ownership is Italy, Internet: not evenly distributed across Europe: Scandanavia most widely used, core of Western Europe also, Internet cafes used for service, most of Europe has had to access via landmine but wireless has been much slower than US, Europe wired: getting better but takes time |
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