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Geo 121
Exam chp 1 & 3
71
Geography
Undergraduate 1
10/15/2009

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Term
scale
Definition
how much space did you decided to illustrate on paper.
Term
Andes
Definition
a grandly curving and nearly Continuous chain of mountains stretches along the western edge of the american continents
Term
Subduction Zone
Definition
The zone where on tectonic plate slides under another
Term
Amazon Basin
Definition
The largest feature on the South American lowlands drained by the amazon river it contains the earths largest tropical rain forest
Term
Temperature-Altitude Zones
Definition
1. Tierra Caliente
2. Tierra Templada
3. Tierra Fria
4. Tierra Helada
Term
Tierra Caliente
Definition
0-3000 feet, "Hot Lands" warmest in the lowlands, high agriculture
Term
Tierra Templada
Definition
3000-6500 feet, "Temperate Lands"
Term
Tierra Fria
Definition
6500-12000 feet, "Cool Lands"
Term
Tierra Helada
Definition
12,000 and above "The Frozen Lands"
Term
El-Nino
Definition
A warming of the ocean surface off the western coast of South America that occurs every 4 to 12 years when upwelling of cold nutrient-rich water does not occur. It causes dieoffs of plankton and fish and affects Pacific jet stream winds, altering storm tracks and creating unusual weather patterns in various parts of the world.
Term
Aztecs
Definition
A Member of people of central Mexico whose civilization was at its height at the time of the Spanish Conquest in the early 16th Century
Term
Incas
Definition
A member of the group of Quechuan peoples of highland Peru who Established an empire from northern Ecuador to central Chile before the Spanish conquest
Term
Mercantalism
Definition
The theory and system of political economoy prevailing in Europe after the decline of feudalism, based on national policies of accumulating bullion, establishing colonies and a merchant, marine, and developing industry and mining to attain a favorable balance of trade.
Term
Creoles
Definition
People of European Descent born in the Americas who wished to consolidate their control of economic assets in the colonies and relatively wealthy
Term
Mestizos
Definition
People of Mixed European, and African, and indigenous descent whose acces to the profits of the colonial system had been restricted due to their race
Term
Primate City
Definition
The largest city within a nation which dominates the country not solely in size the importance of the primate city tends to decline as the ecnonomy grows and that therefore, primacy tends to occur in less developed nations
Term
Colonias
Definition
Residential neighborhood. The word has been adopted to referr to colonia rural serrlements often characterized by poor housing stock, inadequate physical infrastructure, and a weak social infrastructure.
Term
Barrios
Definition
An urban district or quarter in a Spanish speaking country
Term
Favelas
Definition
A shantytown or slum, especially in brazil.
Term
Brain Drain
Definition
When young adults leave rural communitites that have invested years in nurturing and education
Term
Foreign Direct Investment
Definition
and investment abroad usually where the company being invested in is controlled by the foreign corpration
Term
Strucural adjustment Policies
Definition
medium-term credit facility developing countries in gaining ecnomoic self-sufficiency.
Term
Haciendas
Definition
A large rural estate or plantation in Spanish-speaking countries
Term
Plantation
Definition
A group of cultivated treees or plants. A large estate or farm on which crops are raised, often by resident workers
Term
Neocolonialism
Definition
A policy whereby a major power uses economic and politcal means to perpetuate or extend its influence over underdeveloped nations or areas.
Term
Import Subsitution Industrialization
Definition
is a trade and economic policy based on the premise that a country should attempt to reduce its foreign dependency through the local production of industrialized products
Term
Land Reform
Definition
Measures, such as the division of large properties into smaller ones, that are taken to bring about more equitable apportionment of agriculturural land
Term
The Debt Crisis
Definition
a global financial crisis dimisnished to the ISI Phase
Term
Structural Adjustment Policies
Definition
geographical area in which commerce can be conducted without tariffs being applied.
Term
Maquiladora
Definition
Mexican assembly plants that manufacture finished goods for export to the United States.They take advantage of plentiful lower cost mexican labor
Term
The Free Trade of the Americas
Definition
was proposed agreement to eliminate or reduce the trade barriers among all countries in the Americas but Cuba.
Term
The North American Free Trade Agreement
Definition
Negotiations between the United States, Mexico and Canada between 1991 and 1993.
Term
G8
Definition
The Countries of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the United States. Represenatives from these countries meet to discuss economic concerns
Term
Monroe Doctrine
Definition
That any inervention by external powers in the politics of the Americas is potentially hostile act against the United States.
Term
Extended Family
Definition
a family group that consists of parents, children, and other close relatives, often living in close proximity.
Term
Marianismo
Definition
It teaches that women are semi divine, morally supperior to and spiritually stronger than men.
Term
Machismo
Definition
A strong or exaggerated sense of masculinitity stressing attributes sich as physical courage, virility, domination of women, and aggresiveness
Term
Liberation Theology
Definition
Pravalent in the Roman Catholic Church in Latin Americas, that finds free people from social and material oppression
Term
Evangelical Potestantism
Definition
Adherence to the religion and beliefs of a Proestant church.
Term
Ecotourism
Definition
Tourism involving travel to areas of natural or ecoogical interest, typically under the guidance of naturalist, for the purpose of observing wildlife and learning about the enviroment.
Term
Spatial Analysis
Definition
the study of how people,objects, or ideas are, or are not related to one another across space.
Term
Physical Geo
Definition
is the study of earths physical processes to learn how they work, how they effect humans, and how they are afflected by humans in return
Term
Title
Definition
tells you the subject of the map
Term
Caption
Definition
usually points out some features on the map
Term
Legend
Definition
is the box that explains what the symbols and color are on the map
Term
Latitude
Definition
run parallel to the equator
Term
Longitude
Definition
run from pole to pole
Term
European Colonialism
Definition
when powerful European countries sent explorers to find new lands and forge new trade routes
Term
Globolization
Definition
The tendency of investment funds and busineses to move beyond domestic and national markets to other markets around the globe, thereby increasing the interconnectedness of different markets.
Term
Remittances
Definition
a transfer of money by a foreign worker to his home country
Term
Culture
Definition
an important distinguishing characteristic of human societies
Term
Material Culture
Definition
comprises of all things that people use: clothing, houses, and office buildings, etc
Term
Cultural homogenity
Definition
more overall similarity between culture groups-will occur
Term
Cultural identity
Definition
with a particular group through the same channels that are encouraging homenization.
Term
Autonomy
Definition
the right to control their own affairs and especially to retain control of their own resources
Term
Multiculturualism
Definition
the state of relating to, reflecting, or being adaptded to several cultures
Term
Cultural markers
Definition
Members of a particular culture group share features such as language, and common values that help to define a group
Term
Subduction
Definition
when plates collide and one slips under the other
Term
Ring of Fire
Definition
Volcanoes and earthquakes are particularly common around the edges of the pacific ocean
Term
Gross Domestic Product
Definition
the total value of all goods and services produced in a country in a given year, dived by the number of people in the country
Term
Multinational Corp.
Definition
A corp. that has its facilities and other assests in at least one country other than its home country
Term
Capital
Definition
wealth in the form of money or property used to produce more wealth.
Term
Free Trade
Definition
The Movement of goods and capital without government restrictions
Term
Subsistence ecnomony
Definition
where families produces most if its own food clothing and shelter
Term
Cash Economy
Definition
where children drain the family income
Term
Sustainable development
Definition
the effort to improve on present living standards in ways that will not jeporadize those of future generations
Term
Sustainable Agriculture
Definition
farming that meets human needs without poisoning the enviroment or using up water and soil resources
Term
Geo Politics
Definition
the jockeying among countries for territory, resources or influence
Term
Nation
Definition
a group of people who share language, culture, and political identity
Term
Sovereignty
Definition
means that a country is self-governing
Term
NGO
Definition
different people agreeing on political, economic, social or enviromental goal.
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