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Genki II - Grammar
Various grammar points from Genki II
24
Language - Japanese
Not Applicable
03/25/2008

Additional Language - Japanese Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term


I really like my Japanese class, because Japanese is interesting, and our teacher is good.

Definition

pg 12

日本語はおもしろいし、先生はいいし、

私は日本語の授業が大好きです。

日本語はおもしろいし、先生はいいし、

私は日本語のじゅぎょうが大好きです。

Term


This apple looks delicious.

Definition

pg 13

このりんごはおいしそうです

Term


I didn't know the kanji,

so I asked a friend of mine.

Definition

pg 14

漢字がわからなかったので、

日本人の友だちに聞いてみました。

Term


I've been to Tokyo,

but never been to Hokkaido.

Definition

pg 14

東京なら行ったことがありますが、

北海度は行ったことがありません。

Term


I shampoo three times a week.

Definition

pg 15

私は一週間に三回髪を洗います。

私はいっしゅうかんにさんかいかみをあらいます。


(period) に (frequency)

Term

I want a good kanji dictionary.

Definition
pg 32

いい漢字の辞書がほしいです。

いいかんじのじしょがほしいです。


ほしい is an い-adjective, and conjugates as such.

The object of desire is ually followed by が.

Term

I don't have much desire for money.

Definition

pg 32

お金はあまりほしくありません。


ほしい is an い-adjective, and conjugates as such.

The object of desire is ually followed by が.

Term

It may rain tomorrow.

Definition

pg 33

明日は雨が降るかもしれません。

or
明日は雨が降るかもしれない。

かもしれない is placed after the short form of predicates

(in affirmative and negative, past and present)

Term

I will give the woman a fish.
The woman gave the man a fish.

Definition

pg 34

私はその女の人に魚あげます。
その女の人は男の人に魚をあげました。

あげる

—>

I)You)Others


I give to you;

You give to others;

I give to others;

Someone gives to someone else.


Term

My parents may give me a new car.
My big sister gave me an old dictionary.

Definition

pg 34

両親が私に新しい車をくれるかもしれません。
姉が私に古い辞書をくれました。

くれる

<—

I)You)Others


Someone gives me;

You give me;

Someone gives you;


Term

I received an old

dictionary from my sister.

Definition

pg 34

僕は姉に古い辞書をもらいました。

僕は姉から古い辞書をもらいました。

(recipient) は/から (giver) に/から もらう

Term

Why don't you buy an alarm clock?

Definition

pg 36

目覚まし時計を買ったらどうですか。

The initial た in たらどうですか stand for the same ending

as in the past tense short form of a verb in the affirmative.

Term

As many as twenty students

showed up for the party yesterday.

Definition

pg 36

今日のパーテーには学生が二十人も来ました。

noun (が|を) + number + も

Term

I only have one dictionary.

Definition

pg 37 


私は日本語の辞書を一冊しか持っていません。

noun (が|を) + number + しか + negative predicate

Term

I must make a hotel reservation

(in preparation for my stay).

Definition

pg 55

ホテルを予約しておかなぶちゃいけません。

The te-form of a verb plus the helping verb おく describes

an action performed in preparation for something.

Term

the book that I bought yesterday


the book that is on the table

Definition

pg 56

昨日買った本


つくえの上にある本

Term

I (generously) lent my sister money
(to help her out of her destitute conditions)

Definition

pg 74

私は妹にお金を貸してあげました。

私はいもうとにお金をかしてあげました。

te-form + あげる

—>

I)You)Others


I do something for you;

You do something for others;

I do something for others;

Somebody does something for someone else


Term

A friend helps me with my homework
(for which I am grateful)

Definition

pg 75

友だちが宿題をてつだってくれます。

ともだちがしゅくだいをてつだってくれます

te-form + くれる

<—

I)You)Others


Somebody does something for me;

You do something for me;

Somebody does something for you.


Term

Would you help me out?

(Polite)

Definition

pg 76

ちょっと手伝っていたでけませんか。

We use the te-form of a verb plus いただけませんか

to make a polite request.

Term

I hope it doesn't rain.

Definition

pg 76

雨が降らないといいですね。

You can use the present tense short form + といいですね

to say that you hope something nice happens.

Term

I hope the exam is easy.

Definition

pg 77

試験がやさしいといいんですが。

しけんがやさしいといいんですが。


To say what you hope for your own good, you can use

といいんですが. This shows the speaker's attitude is

more tentative and makes the sentence sound more modest.

Term

I will get the visa issued

when I go to Tokyo.

Definition

pg 78

東京に行く時、ビザを取ります。

東京に行く時、ビザをとります。


(sentence A 時 sentence B)


The sentence A always ends with

a short form, either present or past.

Term

I'm sorry that I stood you up.

Definition

pg 80

デートの約束を忘れて、ごめん。

デートのやくそくをわすれて、ごめん。


You use the te-form of a verb to describe things

you have done that you want to apologize for.

Term

 

 

 

 

Sorry that I did not tell you earlier.

Definition

pg 81 

 

 

もっと早く言わなくて、ごめん。

 

 

When you want to apologize for something you failed to do,

you use ~なくて, the short, neg. te-form of a verb.

(ない becomes なくて)

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