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Genitourinary System
Reproductive & Urinary System
124
Veterinary Medicine
Not Applicable
08/17/2011

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Cards

Term
Bladder
Definition
Elastic musculomembranous sac for storing urine.
Term
Bowman's Capsule
Definition
Glomerular capsule of kidney containin cluster of capillary channels (glomerulus)
Term
Calix/Calyx
Definition
Urine-collecting, irregular, saclike structures of renal pelvis.
Term
Collecting Tubules
Definition
terminal collection passages that carry urine to renal pelvis.
Term
Distal Convoluted Tubules
Definition
Portion of convoluted tubules between Henle's loop and collecting tubules.
Term
Glomeruli
Definition
Plural form of glomerulus
Term
Glomerulus
Definition
Coils of capillaries within Bowman's capsule.
Term
Henle's Loop
Definition
U-shaped turn in convoluted tubule of kidney, located between proximal and distal ends, with both ascending and descending limbs.
Term
Hilus
Definition
Concave depression on medial margin of kidney thru which ureters, blood vessels, and nerves enter.
Term
Kidneys
Definition
Paired abdominal organs t hat filter blood and produce urine.
Term
Nephron
Definition
Functional and structural unit of kidney, including renal corpuscule and renal tubule
Term
Renal Corpuscle
Definition
Glomerulus and Bowman's capsule.
Term
Renal Cortex
Definition
Outer part of kidney, extending between renal pyramids to form renal columns.
Term
Renal Medulla
Definition
Inner part of kidney composed of conical structures called renal pyramids.
Term
Renal Papillae
Definition
Narrow conical ends of renal pyramids.
Term
Renal Pelvis
Definition
Reservoir that collects urine, made up of major and minor calices.
Term
Renal Sinus
Definition
Kidney cavity containing renal pelvis, blood vessels, nerves and fat.
Term
Renal Tubule
Definition
Minute tubule of kidney that secretes, collects, and transports urine and forms part of nephron.
Term
Uresis
Definition
Normal passage of urine.
Term
Ureter
Definition
Tube that carries urine from kidney to bladder.
Term
Urethra
Definition
Tube that carries urine from bladder to surface of body.
Term
Cystitis
Definition
Bladder inflammation
Term
Glomerulonephritis
Definition
Kidney disease with inflammation of glomeruli.
Term
Nephritis
Definition
Inflammation of kidneys
Term
Pyelonephritis
Definition
Inflammation of kidney pelvis caused by infection.
Term
Anuria
Definition
Lack of urine being excreted
Term
Azotemia
Definition
Presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in blood
Term
Dysuria
Definition
Painful or difficult urination
Term
Hematuria
Definition
Blood in urine.
Term
Incontinence
Definition
Inability to control urination
Term
Nephrolith
Definition
Kidney stone.
Term
Oliguria
Definition
Scanty urine output
Term
Pollakiuria
Definition
Abnormally frequent urination
Term
Polyuria
Definition
Excretion of abnormally large quantity of urine
Term
Pyuria
Definition
Pus in urine
Term
Renal Colic
Definition
Pain resulting from passage of calculus in kidney or ureter.
Term
Uremia
Definition
Disturbed kidney function in w hich products of protein metabolism are found in blood and produce toxic condition
Term
Urolithiasis
Definition
Formation of calculi (stones) in urinary tract
Term
Cystectomy
Definition
Total or partial resection of bladder
Term
Cystostomy
Definition
Creation of opening into bladder
Term
Cystostomy
Definition
Creation of opening into bladder
Term
Cystotomy
Definition
Incision into urinary bladder
Term
Nephrectomy
Definition
Excision of kidney
Term
Cystogram
Definition
X-ray study of bladder
Term
Hemoglobin
Definition
Urine test to determine presence of hemoglobin in urine, indicating abnormal condition or disease of genitourinary tract
Term
Total Volume
Definition
Measurement of urine excreted in 24hr period to evaluate kidney function
Term
Bulbourethral Glands
Definition
Located on either side of urethra whose alkaline secretion has protective function for sperm (Cowpers Glands)
Term
Ejaculatory Ducts
Definition
2 short tubes formed by joining of vas deferens and ducts of seminal vesicles, which pass thru prostate and extend to urethra
Term
Epididymides
Definition
Plural form of epididymis
Term
Epididymis
Definition
Paired of tightly coiled tubelike structures that secrete part of semen, serve as storage areas for sperm before ejaculationand provide passageways for sperm from testes to body surface.
Term
Glans Penis
Definition
Slight bulge at distal end of penis
Term
Leydig's cells
Definition
specialized interstitial cells that secrete male sex hormone testosterone.
Term
Penis
Definition
Male sex organ, containing urethra, which carries reproductive tract secretions and urine to body surface
Term
Prepuce
Definition
retractible, double fold of skin covering glans penis
Term
Prostate
Definition
gland surrounding urethr, secreting thick, alkaline substance that makes up part of seminal fluid.
Term
Scrotum
Definition
saclike, skin covered structure, hangin from perineal area, containing testes, epididymides, and part of spermatic cords
Term
Semen
Definition
Secretion discharged by male reproductive organs, containing spermatozoa
Term
Seminal vesicles
Definition
2 twisted pouches lying along dorsal surface of bladder, ventral to rectum, which secrete liquid part of semen and prostaglandins
Term
Seminiferous Tubules
Definition
coiled tubules within testes that produce sperm cells.
Term
Sertoli's cells
Definition
cells in testis that support and nourish sperm germ
Term
Sigmoid flexure
Definition
S-shaped flexure of penis of bull, ram and boar
Term
Spermatic cords
Definition
white, fibrous tissue encasing vas deferens, blood and lymph vessels and nerves
Term
Spermatid
Definition
germ cell developing into spermatozoon
Term
Spermatozoa
Definition
Spermatozoon
Term
Testis
Definition
egg-shaped male gland (testicle) that produces spermatozoa and secretes hormones
Term
Vas deferens
Definition
excretory duct of testis that joins epididymis with ejaculatory duct
Term
Anestrus
Definition
normal interval of ovarian quiescence and sexual inactivity in species such as dog that dont cycle continuously.
Term
Cervix
Definition
neck of uterus
Term
Clitoris
Definition
small mound of erectile tissue similar to male penis
Term
Corpora
Definition
corpus
Term
Corpus
Definition
body
Term
Corpus albicans
Definition
white scar tissue resulting from regression of corpus luteum
Term
Corpus luteum
Definition
yellow body formed by graafian follicle that has discharged its ovum
Term
Diestrus
Definition
short period of sexual quiescence between two estrus periods durin which uterus is prepared for fertilized ovum
Term
ectopic pregnancy
Definition
fertilized ovum implanted outside uterus (out of normal position)
Term
Endocervix
Definition
mucous membrane lining cervical canal or opening of cervix into uterus
Term
Endometrium
Definition
mucous membrane lining uterus
Term
Estrous cycle
Definition
recurring set of physiological and behavioral changes that take place from one period of estrus to another
Term
Estrus
Definition
periodic state of sexual excitement that immediately precedes ovulation, during which female is most receptive to mating (being in heat)
Term
Fimbria
Definition
fringe like processes at ends of uterine tubes over ovaries
Term
Graafian follicles
Definition
mature ovarian follicles
Term
Hymen
Definition
fold of mucous membrane partially blocking vaginal orifice
Term
Infundibulum
Definition
funnel at end of uterine tube (oviduct) that catches ovum
Term
mammary glands
Definition
milk-producing organs of mammals
Term
Metestrus
Definition
period of sexual inactivity that follows estrus, during which corpus luteum forms
Term
Myometrium
Definition
middle, muscular coat of uterus
Term
Os
Definition
mouth; internal os is opening from cervix into cervical canal; external os is opening from cervical canal into vagina
Term
Ova
Definition
ovum
Term
Ovary
Definition
female gland that produces eggs
Term
Ovum
Definition
female reproductive cell
Term
Proestrus
Definition
period immediately before estrus, characterized by development of endometrium and ovarian follicles
Term
Uterine tubes
Definition
pair of tubes extending from uterus to ovary on each side, pick up and convey expelled ova to the uterus (fallopian tubes/oviduct)
Term
Uterus
Definition
thick-walled, hollow organ in pelvic cavity of female that houses and nourishes embryo and fetus
Term
Cyesis
Definition
pregnancy
Term
Embryo
Definition
early developing stage of organism
Term
Fetus
Definition
developing offspring
Term
gravid
Definition
pregnant
Term
Parturition
Definition
giving birth
Term
Placenta
Definition
vascular fetal organ w/in uterus that connects fetus to mother by way of umbilical cord for exchange of nutrients, oxyen, antibodies, and waste products
Term
Pseudocyesis
Definition
false pregnancy
Term
Umbilical cord
Definition
communication channel between placenta and fetus
Term
zygote
Definition
fertilized ovum
Term
Endometritis
Definition
inflammation of endometrium
Term
Epididymities
Definition
inflammation of epididymis
Term
Mastitits
Definition
inflammation of mammary gland
Term
Metritis
Definition
inflammation of uterus
Term
Orchitis
Definition
inflammation of testicles
Term
Prostatitis
Definition
inflammation of prostate gland
Term
Pyomera
Definition
pus in uterine cavity
Term
Theriogenology
Definition
branch of veterinary science that deals with anatomy, physiology, pathology and diseases of reproductive tracts of animals
Term
Vaginitis
Definition
inflammation of vagina
Term
Cryptorchism
Definition
undescended testes (cryptorchidism)
Term
Hermaphroditism
Definition
having both ovarian and testicular tissue
Term
Polyorchism
Definition
more than 2 testes
Term
Supernumerary
Definition
more than normal number
Term
Lactation
Definition
secretion of milk
Term
Leukorrhea
Definition
whitish discharge from vagina
Term
Spermaturia
Definition
discharge of semen in urine
Term
Abortion
Definition
termination of pregnancy
Term
Cesarean section
Definition
surgical incision thru abdominal and uterine walls for delivery of neonate
Term
Embryotomy
Definition
cutting up of dead fetus for removal from uterus
Term
Hysterectomy
Definition
removal of uterus
Term
Ovariohysterectomy
Definition
removal of uterus and ovaries
Term
Vasectomy
Definition
excision of all or partial vas deferens
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