Term
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Definition
| short ureter entry into bladder commonly associated with regurgitation of urine |
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Term
| ureteropelvic junction obstruction |
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Definition
numberone cause of hydronephrosis children
M>F, L>R, bilat = 20%
STONES, STRICTURES,PERIUTERAL SCAR, TUMORS |
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Term
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Definition
infection of urinary bladder that ups frequency/pain/dysuria
1. Infection = breach mucosa typically by coliform bacteria candida/shisto/chlymidia/mycoplasma |
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Term
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Definition
Direct toxic mucosal injury sec. to vasc compromise by ROS/chemo.
edema, hypermia, hemorrage. NO ULCERATION/EXUDATE... center on lamina propria
adeno/chemo/severe bacterial = sloughin |
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Term
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Definition
1. interstitial: idiopathic (autoimmune) ulcerating/fibrosing. GROSSLY MIMICKS FLAT CIS
2. Malakoplaquia: raised yellow plaques of foamy mphages full of michaelous gutman bodies of ecoli
polyploid: catherter related: resembles papillary carcinoma |
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Term
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Definition
1. cystica et glandularis
2. squamous
3. nephrogenic |
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Term
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Definition
transitional cell M>F, Bladder>pelvis>ureter>urethra
1. cigarette, armiline dye, phenacetin, schistosoma
transitional may have foci of other types of metaplasia. pure squamous from schistosoma. last is adeno from chronic irritation/urachal reminants.
presents painless hematuria, tx T1 below with chemo/BCG...mets to lymph early |
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Term
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Definition
1. papilloma: no atypica, rare, benign
2. PUNLMP: solitary, mild atypia, rare transform to cancer/recurrance
3. Low grade carcinoma: typically pap. invasion below lamina pro ~20%
4. high grade: 50% may break lamina propria. high recurrance
5. CIS: flat (resembles interstitial fibrosing).. most cases associated invasion and shed urine |
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Term
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Definition
1. germ cell (95%) or non-germ cell
2. germ: gonadal (seminomal) or embryonal
3. embryona: placental, allentoic, teratoma.
have i(12p) abnormaliities |
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Term
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Definition
| most common pure GCT with primative germ cells and stromal lymphocytes. age typically 30 |
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Term
| choriocarcinomal testical |
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Definition
placental cells with high amnts necrosis/hemorage
rare pure form, most aggressive GCT, high HCG |
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Term
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Definition
frequenct componet of mixed GCT:
1. anaplastic nest of cells with abortive glandular formation |
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Term
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Definition
typically reticulate pattern:
pure infants: good prognosis, number 1
mixed adults: typical embryonal, increased AFP!!! |
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Term
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Definition
3 germ layers:
pure - infants, if mature than benign
mixed - adults, always malignant
may have 2ndary cancer of epi tissue such as squamous cell |
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Term
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Definition
AFP: Yolk Sac
HCG: placenta; (choreo)
HCG and AFP: embryonal/teratoma
low HCG: seminoma |
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Term
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Definition
Sertoli or leydig (leydig produces more T)
90% benign, small yellow/brown |
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Term
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Definition
Number 1 over 60, 5% overall
-poor prognosis, spares tubules. (large B cell lymphoma) |
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Term
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Definition
Bowens disease: white plaques shaft
Erythroplasia of Queyrat: velvity glands
bowenoid papillosis: pigmented on surface |
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Term
| vericous squamous penile cancer |
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Definition
| rarely mets but has local invasion (as opposed to others which go to inguinal lymph) |
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