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| The inheritance pattern of a phenotype that corresponds to the sex chromosomes |
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| Crosses that are mixed with one trait |
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| Genetic makeup of a cell, an organism or an individual |
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| Various molecular forms of a gene for the same trait |
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| Ability of homologous chxs to exchange segments during early stages of meiosis. |
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| You have a heterozygote for the condition |
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| Process of Mitosis (Mitotic Cell Division) |
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Definition
| Interphase,Prophase,Metaphase,Anaphase,Telephase |
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Definition
| Mendel's first law of inheritance. It states that each parent contributes 1 set of instructions for each individual trait and that each trait is represented by 2 copies that separate into different gametes or "sex cells". |
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| Principle of Independent Assortment |
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Definition
| Mendel's Second law of inheritance. All possible combinations of the 2 copies of each gene may appear in the gametes (They inherit independently of each other) |
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| Both versions of the trait are the same |
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| Both versions of the trait are different |
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| Cell has one set of Chromosomes |
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| Cell has two sets of Chromosomes |
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| Cells that don't have a nucleus |
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| Cells that DO have a nucleus |
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| The change in allele type and genetic frequencies from generation to generation |
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| A change in the gene pool of a small population that takes place strictly by chance |
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| Process of sperm cell development |
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| A theory of heredity proposed by Charles Darwin in which gemmules containing heredity information from every part of the body |
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Definition
| When a haploid egg and haploid sperm unite to create a diploid embryo |
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| The physical appearance in the chromosome. The bands, the centromere locations, the length. |
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Definition
Autosomes
non sex chromosomes. Cannot be traced back to the original parent |
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| Homologous vs Non Homologous |
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Definition
| two copies of each chromosome have similar band pattern, length and centromere location but, carry different genes. Non-homologus are when two copies of each chromosome DO NOT have similar band pattern, length and centromere location. |
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Definition
| Tightly joined together chromosomes are sister chromatids |
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| Non functional cells that recycled by the body. |
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| the formation of the egg (meiosis happening in the ovary) |
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| A measure of the relative fitness of a phenotype. |
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| A Descendant or Offspring |
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| Imagined particles proposed by Charles Darwin that were supposedly carried by the blood stream and could be passed onto the subsequent generations of a species. |
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| A measure of the relative fitness of a phenotype |
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| Mendel's Second Law of Inheritance |
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Definition
| Law of Independent Assortment |
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Definition
| The frequencies of the different alleles for a trait that are contained in a breeding population of a species. |
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| Mendel's First Law of Inheritance |
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Definition
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Definition
| Occurs when natural selection favors a single phenotype and therefore allele frequencies continuously shift in one direction |
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| Alterations of Genetic Material |
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| Process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent effects upon the survival or reproduction of their bearers. |
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Definition
| describes the ability to both survive and reproduce, and is equal to the average contribution to the gene pool of the next generation that is made by an average individual of the specified genotype or phenotype. |
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Definition
| Linked are when the genes are on the same chromosome. Unlinked are when the genes are on different chromosomes. |
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| The formation of the egg in the ovary (during Meiosis) |
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Definition
| Allele pairs separate during gamete formation and randomly unite at fertilization |
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Definition
| Effected by union of ova w/ the pollen or sperm in the same individual |
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| Reproductive cells that unite to form a zygote |
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| A gene that is phenotypically expressed in the homozygous state but, has it's physical expression masked in the presence of a dominate gene |
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Definition
| A Gene that produces the same phenotype in the organism whether or not its allele is identical |
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| A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment |
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Definition
| The disappearance of a species of living organisms |
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Definition
| A unit of heredity in a living organism |
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Definition
| Manner in which a particular genetic trait or genetic condition is passed from one generation to the next |
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Definition
| An allele that is the only variant that exists for that gene in all the population. |
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Definition
| Change in the inherited traits of a population of organisms through successive generations |
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| Prophase (Mitosis/Meiosis) |
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Definition
| The chromosomes condense and become visible. They separate into polar opposites of the cell |
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| Anaphase (Mitosis/Meiosis) |
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Definition
| Chromosomes move to opposite ends of the nucleus spindle |
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| Metaphase(Mitosis/Meiosis) |
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Definition
| Chromosomes are aligned along the metaphase plate |
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| Telephase (Mitosis/Meiosis) |
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Definition
| Chromosomes of daughter cells are grouped in new nuclei |
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Definition
| results in the complete copy of parental chromosomes |
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Definition
| results in a formed gamete |
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