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Genetics
N/A
15
Biology
10th Grade
02/25/2014

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Term
genetics
Definition
scientific study of heredity
Term
gene
Definition
sequence of DNA that codes for a protein and thus determines a trait
Term
homozygous
Definition
an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait
Term
heterozygous
Definition
an organism that has two different alleles for a the same trait
Term
allele
Definition
one of a number of different forms of a gene
Term
phenotype
Definition
physical characteristics of an organism
Term
genotype
Definition
genetic makeup of an organism
Term
incomplete dominance
Definition
situation in which one allele is not completely dominant over another
Term
codominance
Definition
situation in which both alleles of a gene contribute to the phenotype of the organism
Term
mutation
Definition
change in a DNA sequence that affects genetic information
Term
DNA
Definition
nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
Term
replication
Definition
copying process by which a cell duplicates its DNA
Term
transcription
Definition
process in which part of the nucleotide sequence of DNA is copied into a complementary sequence in RNA
Term
translation
Definition
decoding of a mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
Term
sex-linked trait
Definition
a trait associated with a gene that is carried only by the male or female parent
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