Term
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Definition
| characteristic that confers higher fitness: a trait maintained as a result of Natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| one of two or more alternative expressions of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| basic constituents of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| the culling out of individuals with heritable traits by humans to serve human purposes |
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Term
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Definition
| a gene-carrying structure composed of DNA and packing proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| a part of the chromosome switches around within the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a triplet sequence of messenger RNA nucleotides; each codon triplet specifies a particular amino acid to be placed in forming a protein |
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Term
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Definition
| the exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes when they are synapsed during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| full normal number of characteristic somatic cell chromosomes, represented "2n" |
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Term
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Definition
| deoxynucleic acid; a double helix of nucleotides that constitute the hereditary material of the cell; the agent of inheritance and cell metabolism; transcribes RNA |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a male or female sex cell; sperm or egg |
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Term
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Definition
| the unit of inheritance affecting the characteristics ofa trait; a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein through an RNA intermediate |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA, translated into protein through mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| characteristic that confers higher fitness: a trait maintained as a result of Natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| one of two or more alternative expressions of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| basic constituents of proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| the culling out of individuals with heritable traits by humans to serve human purposes |
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Term
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Definition
| a gene-carrying structure composed of DNA and packing proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| a part of the chromosome switches around within the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| a triplet sequence of messenger RNA nucleotides; each codon triplet specifies a particular amino acid to be placed in forming a protein |
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Term
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Definition
| the exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes when they are synapsed during meiosis |
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Term
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Definition
| full normal number of characteristic somatic cell chromosomes, represented "2n" |
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Term
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Definition
| deoxynucleic acid; a double helix of nucleotides that constitute the hereditary material of the cell; the agent of inheritance and cell metabolism; transcribes RNA |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a male or female sex cell; sperm or egg |
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Term
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Definition
| the unit of inheritance affecting the characteristics ofa trait; a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein through an RNA intermediate |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA, translated into protein through mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| characteristic that confers higher fitness: a trait maintained as a result of Natural selection |
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Term
|
Definition
| one of two or more alternative expressions of a gene |
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Term
|
Definition
| basic constituents of proteins |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the culling out of individuals with heritable traits by humans to serve human purposes |
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Term
|
Definition
| a gene-carrying structure composed of DNA and packing proteins |
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Term
|
Definition
| a part of the chromosome switches around within the chromosome |
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Term
|
Definition
| a triplet sequence of messenger RNA nucleotides; each codon triplet specifies a particular amino acid to be placed in forming a protein |
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Term
|
Definition
| the exchange of alleles between homologous chromosomes when they are synapsed during meiosis |
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Term
|
Definition
| full normal number of characteristic somatic cell chromosomes, represented "2n" |
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Term
|
Definition
| deoxynucleic acid; a double helix of nucleotides that constitute the hereditary material of the cell; the agent of inheritance and cell metabolism; transcribes RNA |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a male or female sex cell; sperm or egg |
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Term
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Definition
| the unit of inheritance affecting the characteristics ofa trait; a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein through an RNA intermediate |
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Term
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Definition
| DNA, translated into protein through mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| the genetic makeup of an individual |
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Term
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Definition
| two different alleles carried for a trait |
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Term
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Definition
| half the normal number of somatic cell chromosomes, represented 1n |
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Term
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Definition
| the same alleles carried for a trait |
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Term
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Definition
| hox genes decide whwere and how our body is produced. A mutation in the Hox gene can make body parts appear in different parts. |
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Term
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Definition
| linked genes travel together during meiosis always inherited together. Example: fruit flies eye color and wing length |
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Term
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Definition
| the particular site along a chromosome occupied by an allele |
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Term
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Definition
| cell division resulting in haploid gametes for sexual reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| cell division resulting in diploid cells |
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Term
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Definition
| a spontaneous error in mistake in DNA duplication, leading to change in the genome |
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Term
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Definition
| outward appearnce of all traits, expression of genotype |
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Term
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Definition
| when we fin d a gene, doesn't combine for one trait. one gene affects a # of different characteristics. Doesn't control just one trait. one gene= multiple traits. |
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Term
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Definition
| Changes bases: this changes codons, possibly affecting amino acids; can occur through substitutions, deletions or insertion |
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Term
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Definition
| many genes affect that trait. one trait= many genes. |
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Term
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Definition
| whole sets of chromosomes added/duplicated. Diploid # may double to form tetraploid. |
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Term
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Definition
| cell division resulting in haploid gametes for sexual reproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme responsible for adding RNAs to the growing mRNA stran during transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of DNA sequence that codes for a gene- it is EXpressed |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of DNA that signals enzymes where to start transcribing DNA into mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Creating an amino acid sequence from where an RNA sequence, takes place in the ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 nucleotides of mRNA that code for a specific tRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of DNA sequence that DOES NOT code for a gene- it is INcised |
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Term
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Definition
| Segment of DNA that codes for a particular trait (hair color, eye color, ect.) |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 nucleotides of tRNA that code a for specific amino acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Nucleotide that is only found in RNA, binds with Adenine (A) |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of RNA that makes up the structure of a ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of creating protein from a genetic code |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of frame-shift mutation in which one or more nucleotide are deleted |
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Term
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Definition
| Creating an RNA sequence from a DNA sequence |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of RNA that carries the genetic code from the nucleus to the ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of RNA that delivers amino acids to the ribosomes during translation |
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Term
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Definition
| A change in the DNA base pair, does not usually change what protein is produced |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of mutation that changes which amino acids are produced (ex. insertion, deletion) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A DNA nucleotide containing nitrogen, a sugar molecule, and a phosphate group |
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Term
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Definition
| an organic molecule that has a double ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| an organic molecule that has a single ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| two nucleotide chains spiraled around eachother |
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Term
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Definition
| a pairs with t, g pairs with c |
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Term
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Definition
| the process by which DNA copies itself during interphase |
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Term
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Definition
| the points at witch the DNA strands deparate during replication |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that separates DNA strands before replication |
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Term
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Definition
| an enzyme that binds to the separated strands of DNA and assembles each strand's complement in replication |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the type of RNA that carries genetic information from the nucleus to the ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the type of RNA that carries Amino acids from the cytoplasm to the ribosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the type of RNA found in a ribosome |
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Term
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Definition
| The process in which RNA is made from DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| the priimary transcription enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
| a nucleotide sequence on a DNA molecule that, when attached to an RNA polymerase molecule, will initiate transcription of a specific structural gene |
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Term
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Definition
| a specific sequence of nucleotides that marks the end of gene in eukaryotes |
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Term
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Definition
| the formation of protiens using information coded on DNA and carried by RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| triplets of nucleotides in mRNA that determine the sequence of amino acids in protien |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of three sequencial nitrogen bases of an mRNA molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| the codon AUG which engages a ribosome to start translating an mRNA molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| causes the ribosome to stop translating m RNA |
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Term
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Definition
| the process of converting the genetic code in RNA into the amino acid sequence that makes up a protein |
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